<html><head></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff" data-blackberry-caret-color="#00a8df" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: initial;"><div style="width: 100%; color: rgb(31, 73, 125); text-align: initial; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="line-height: initial;"><font face="Calibri, Slate Pro, sans-serif">></font></span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: small; line-height: initial;">Thoughts on buoyancy have been grinding around in
my head, and I have had some good ideas for experiments. I have not been
able to work with these because of another situation. I sent
a TLUD with turn-down capability to Aprovecho for testing, but they were
only able to get a turn down ratio of 1.7 to 1. </span></div><div style="width: 100%; color: rgb(31, 73, 125); text-align: initial; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: small; line-height: initial;"><br name="BB10" caretmarkerset="INVALID" class="markedForCaretMarkerRemoval"></span></div><div style="width: 100%; color: rgb(31, 73, 125); text-align: initial; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: small; line-height: initial;">The turn-down ratio is affected by fuel moisture, not only stove architecture. Once dry, biomass tends to self-heat even in the absence of air. </span></div><div style="width: 100%; color: rgb(31, 73, 125); text-align: initial; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: small; line-height: initial;"><br></span></div><div style="width: 100%; color: rgb(31, 73, 125); text-align: initial; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: small; line-height: initial;">Ask Aprovecho to test it again with different moisture levels and the control level may re-appear. </span></div><div style="width: 100%; color: rgb(31, 73, 125); text-align: initial; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: small; line-height: initial;"><br></span></div><div style="width: 100%; color: rgb(31, 73, 125); text-align: initial; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: small; line-height: initial;">In the Indonesian CSI testing the fuel will be 12-15% moisture because that is the dominant local condition. If it in the 2-3 kW range and has 3.3:1 turndown perhaps you would consider sending one to YDD for testing in the CSI programme. We have not yet seen one reach that necessary control. </span></div><div style="width: 100%; color: rgb(31, 73, 125); text-align: initial; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: small; line-height: initial;"><br></span></div><div style="width: 100%; color: rgb(31, 73, 125); text-align: initial; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: small; line-height: initial;">Thanks </span></div><div style="width: 100%; color: rgb(31, 73, 125); text-align: initial; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: small; line-height: initial;">Crispin </span></div><style><br></style></body></html>