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</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body lang=EN-CA link=blue vlink=purple><div class=WordSection1><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'>Dear Otto<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'>I replied on the story’s webpage, received a reply and have submitted a response. It focuses on the edges of the systems one is comparing. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'>The concepts that underlie a claim are important. We have to be fair and open minded – some things unpalatable are true, some things we want to hear, also. That’s life. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'>Something that has been undervalued (in the eyes of some) is the imposition of additional work or inconvenience on the users of ‘improved stoves’. Somehow we need to be able to assess the impact on the user, family and society when recommending interventions. As everyone here knows, there have been lots of failures in every kind of appropriate technology adventure. In many cases the expectation of the willingness of the users to ‘change’ is over-estimated.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'>With reference to stoves, a major resistance is for any need to increase the amount of work needed either to collect particular fuel instead of the type they are used to, or to cut or chop it into small pieces. Here is an example. I went to a rural area in Indonesia to speak to and get opinions from a group of women who are members of a development club. When I mentioned improved stoves (they also have ‘improved kitchens’ in the region) I received an unsolicited and energetic response that whatever it is I am going to introduce it had better not have anything to do with chopping fuel into small pieces because they were never going to do that. Full stop.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'>So unless the fuel is already in the right form, like candle nut shells which I hold out hope for, it had better be a stick wood burning product. As there are pellets made in the province it is possible a stove could use them. So far there is no pellet stove without a fan that will cover the range of power control needed to match local cuisine. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'>One of the things is the paper originally reference in the subject line is that the emissions from ignition to ‘test end’ are recorded in one protocol (National Standard) but the emission of some things is larger after the test is ended! Zhang raises the point that when a test ends can greatly change the overall performance rating. So when comparing one stove with another, how the fire dies or is extinguished matters a lot. Similarly and more famously, if the amount of raw fuel needed to operate the stove each cooking session is not determined, then the ‘fuel consumption’ as intended by the UNFCCC is also not determined. This is no small matter. The boundary of the system being evaluated must reflect reality as much as possible: apples compared with apples.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'>Regards<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'>Crispin<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'>Dear Crispin,<br> <br>I very much agree with you about the comparison among apples and oranges, which will not tell the whole story.<br> <br>I consider agri- and forest-waste for "free", because the biomass are not utilized, any how.<br>Pellet production demand energy, which also has to be calculated into the total energy budget.<br>Woodchips also need some preparaition, but less.<br>Corn colbs need just man- or woman power, that`s all.<br> <br>People, also seems to "forget" that to produce a TESLA, you need enegry both in the production line and to handle the waste materials, like batteries etc.<br>Nobody is mentioning to much about the "popular" catalysator for petrol cars, any longer. <br> <br>We realy have to look into the energy circle, before drawing to many conclutions and clear statements.<br> <br>Enjoying the summer along the Baltic Sea, where they are focusing on woodchips and pellets for fuel.<br> <br>Otto <br><br><o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div></body></html>