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</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body lang=EN-CA link=blue vlink=purple><div class=WordSection1><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'>Dear Ron<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'>I will send you the files separately. They are old but demonstrate the principles. You can zoom the charts I think.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'>There is a small misunderstanding about the way the EA is calculated in a chemically balanced manner. The O<sub>2</sub> content of the other gases is needed to provide a substitute for the number ‘21’ or ’20.945’ in the EA formula.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'>I have been told several times this approach is novel. What it gives is the actual oxygen availability in the fire that was present at any certain time. This is calculated as if the oxygen came from air, even if it did not. The normal calculation is quite misleading and was not really make for wood burning. The formula used in the Testo (which is a good machine) is incorrect. Calculating it wrong means getting the wrong advice on what to do to perfect a burner.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'>The files are much too large to post to the list.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'>I have a small comment on your combustion formula from another message. It is that the burning is not making CO2 (much) it is making CO and if the burn does make CO2 it is reduced to CO (mostly) in the char bed. This affects your calculated number of moles.<o:p></o:p></span></p><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span class=apple-tab-span> </span>4. Do I understand that between the red and yellow vertical lines that CO/CO2 is greater than 2%? How large might that get?<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>The CO/CO2 ratio can reach 30% but more to the point I have tested stoves that had a CO(EF)[O<sub>2</sub>=0%] of 130,000 ppm. That can only be reached in a stove with heat driving the reaction, not from a fire. I can explain later if it is important. None of these stoves are trying to make a high CO gas, they are trying to burn it so it is not all that relevant a point. Don’t worry.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>We look for stoves that can average below 2% CO/CO2 and some are well below 1%. Not all are TLUD’s remember. There is a crossdraft stove I have mentioned before that is cleaner than all TLUD’s seen to date. It can also be refuelled so I think there is a future in tilting the TLUD community 90° in that direction.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Wingdings;color:#1F497D'>J</span><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'> <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Crispin<o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div></body></html>