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</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body lang=EN-CA link="#0563C1" vlink="#954F72"><div class=WordSection1><p class=MsoNormal>Dear Stovers<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal>As you know the stove exchange and subsidy programme in Ulaanbaatar continues. Something like 160,000 stoves out of maybe 200,000 have been changed to ‘approved’ products which are all at least 90% cleaner than the baseline traditional stove. <o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal>Each year the November maximum PM<sub>10</sub> values usually hit 4000µg/m<sup>3</sup> a couple of times. You will have heard that Beijing has an ‘alert’ at 150 and shuts down factories at 300. So 4000 or 5000 is ‘really terrible’. You can see a set of a year of photos at <a href="https://twitter.com/UB_Air">https://twitter.com/UB_Air</a> posted by Christa Hasenkopf on Dec 6th. It says ‘a year’ but they look mixed because summer is really clean. <o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal>Downtown, there was no average PM<sub>2.5</sub> value above 500 in November this year (that is not the same measurement as PM<sub>10</sub>). To give a little context, there are several PM10 measuring stations in UB but only one for PM2.5 that tweets readings in English and Mongolian every 3 hours. It is outside Prof Lodoysamba’s office window. You can follow the UB_Air feed and watch history in the making.<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal>On Dec 5 the daytime reading was 227 (average 9-12 noon) then rose to 604 average (6 PM to 9 PM) and dropped by midnight to 439. That is the biggest value I can see so far this season.<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal>Some of the ger districts will be worse but I haven’t seen that data yet. However, it looks like the stove programme is having a huge, positive impact.<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal>Regards<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal>Crispin<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div></body></html>