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<DIV>Crispin and AJH </DIV>
<DIV>Thank for the answers and I will keep looking. Fly ash is high in
aluminsilicate component an important </DIV>
<DIV>part of refractory cements and has a very strong base component. Part of
the setting may not be all hydrolysis</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>Statements like “<FONT face="Times New Roman">fly-ash-based geopolymers
exhibit remarkable fire resistance while maintaining a high degree of mechanical
strength.”</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face="Times New Roman">and</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face="Times New Roman">“The team has made geopolymers, a cement-like
material formed by dissolving materials that contain silicon and aluminum, such
as fly ash, in a highly alkaline solution for use in high-temperature
applications such as fireproofing and building insulation. Rickard said:
“Because of their amorphous polymeric structure, geopolymers maintain structural
stability to much higher temperatures than conventional concrete.”</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face="Times New Roman"></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face="Times New Roman"></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face="Times New Roman">There maybe something here--- the
Zeopbond group in Australia makes an E-crete--</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face="Times New Roman"></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face="Times New Roman">Michael N Trevor</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face="Times New Roman">Instructor</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face="Times New Roman">College of the Marshall Islands</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face="Times New Roman"></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
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<DIV><FONT size=3 face=Calibri></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV style="BACKGROUND: #f5f5f5">
<DIV style="font-color: black"><B>From:</B> <A title=crispinpigott@outlook.com
href="mailto:crispinpigott@outlook.com">Crispin Pemberton-Pigott</A> </DIV>
<DIV><B>Sent:</B> Sunday, February 08, 2015 6:28 AM</DIV>
<DIV><B>To:</B> <A title=stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org
href="mailto:stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org">'Discussion of biomass cooking
stoves'</A> </DIV>
<DIV><B>Subject:</B> Re: [Stoves] Fly ash cement, Curiosity.</DIV></DIV></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV></DIV>
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style='FONT-SIZE: small; TEXT-DECORATION: none; FONT-FAMILY: "Calibri"; FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #000000; FONT-STYLE: normal; DISPLAY: inline'>
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<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="COLOR: #1f497d; mso-fareast-language: en-us">Dear
Michael<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="COLOR: #1f497d; mso-fareast-language: en-us"><o:p></o:p></SPAN> </P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="COLOR: #1f497d; mso-fareast-language: en-us">How’s things on the
island?<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="COLOR: #1f497d; mso-fareast-language: en-us"><o:p></o:p></SPAN> </P>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="COLOR: #1f497d; mso-fareast-language: en-us">></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black">there is a growing body of information on
fly ash cement.</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #1f497d"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="COLOR: #1f497d"><o:p></o:p></SPAN> </P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #1f497d">It has become more
popular as a way of cutting the price and using an otherwise waste pile next to
power stations.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="COLOR: #1f497d"><o:p></o:p></SPAN> </P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #1f497d">Fly ash (coal ash) is
ground to micron size and mixed with Ordinary Portland Cement which is itself a
mixture of dehydrated lime and clay.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="COLOR: #1f497d"><o:p></o:p></SPAN> </P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #1f497d">It is usually sold
with the fly ash content on the package such as “30%” (by weight).
<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="COLOR: #1f497d"><o:p></o:p></SPAN> </P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #1f497d">It cures more slowly
than OPC and can be stronger. It is however still a hydrating mix (sets
with addition of water which is absorbed and converts the lime back into
limestone).<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="COLOR: #1f497d"><o:p></o:p></SPAN> </P></DIV></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #1f497d">></SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black">With a fire resistance up to
1200 degrees has any one done <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></DIV></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black">any
serious work with it for rocket stoves? <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="COLOR: #1f497d"><o:p></o:p></SPAN> </P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #1f497d">Well there I have to
pause to think. Are you referring to fire clay cement? Fireclay cement can reach
that temperature but there are a couple of types.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="COLOR: #1f497d"><o:p></o:p></SPAN> </P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #1f497d">The point I thought I
would make is that the hydrating portion of high temperature cements burns out
above 400C. That is why I was wondering about the
mix.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="COLOR: #1f497d"><o:p></o:p></SPAN> </P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #1f497d">Maybe you have read
about a cement made entirely (almost?) of fly ash because that would be
something that could ‘stick’ as it melts at high temp. The ash melting
temperature (which is not a single point – there are lots of things in there)
could be maybe 1000-1300 which is in the range you
mentioned.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="COLOR: #1f497d"><o:p></o:p></SPAN> </P></DIV></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #1f497d">></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black">Sounds like a mix of fly ash cement with
perlite might make a very <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></DIV></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black">good 5
gallon gallon rocket stove.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></DIV></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #1f497d">As long as both the
filler and cement can take the temperature. Walls can get to 800 C on the
surface pretty easily. <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="COLOR: #1f497d"><o:p></o:p></SPAN> </P></DIV></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #1f497d">></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black">I did see one reference to an elbow for a
rocket stove. If that is effective <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></DIV></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black">the
boxes beach sand wood ash bucket etc could end up making rocket stove
truly<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></DIV></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black">easy
to make.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></DIV></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #1f497d">If the beach sand is
lime-based (coral) it will also burn out above 400. Your solution seems to
be to import (or dig up from the ocean floor?) some clay.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="COLOR: #1f497d"><o:p></o:p></SPAN> </P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #1f497d">What is in fish bone
ash? Is it silica?<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="COLOR: #1f497d"><o:p></o:p></SPAN> </P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="COLOR: #1f497d">Regards<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #1f497d">Crispin far
away<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV>
<P>
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