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    <div class="moz-cite-prefix">Dear Philip and all,<br>
      <br>
      Thank you.   You have done something that was needed.   Your
      comments should be studied by everyone.   I am in agreement with
      you.   My goal is for ME to understand it sufficiently.   And you
      have helped greatly.<br>
      <br>
      My comments:<br>
      1.  For doing the work of Bringing to Boil, the MJ/(minimum
      Liters) can be seen as appropriate.<br>
      <br>
      2.  But for the task of simmering (which is without work, or with
      "no increase in enthalpy"), the calculation of Specific Fuel
      Consumption (SFC) does not make sense.  Wikipedia tells me that:
      <blockquote type="cite">Enthalpy change accounts for energy
        transferred to the environment at constant pressure through
        expansion or heating.</blockquote>
      At first it looks like the heat (such as from a strong fire) that
      goes into the pot needs to be counted.   BUT that heat then exits
      the pot in the form of latent heat in the evaporated water.  
      Therefore, there is a net "no gain" in heat in the pot, hence no
      work or no increase in enthalpy.<br>
      <br>
      I hope I got that reasonably right.   Feel free to correct me.  <br>
      <br>
      I hope that all readers feel free to agree or disagree with
      Philip.   Please do not depend on me to get the questions
      clarified.   I would expect that someone who advocates the WBT
      usage of SFC for low power calculations will make a response.   <br>
      <br>
      Paul<br>
      <br>
      <pre class="moz-signature" cols="72">Doc  /  Dr TLUD  /  Prof. Paul S. Anderson, PhD  
Email:  <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:psanders@ilstu.edu">psanders@ilstu.edu</a>   
Skype: paultlud      Phone: +1-309-452-7072
Website:  <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="http://www.drtlud.com">www.drtlud.com</a></pre>
      On 2/16/2015 1:15 AM, Philip Lloyd wrote:<br>
    </div>
    <blockquote cite="mid:017301d049b8$59a3c6e0$0ceb54a0$@co.za"
      type="cite">
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      <div class="WordSection1">
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Dear
            Paul et al<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">I
            said the simmering test was FUNDAMENTALLY wrong.  When
            something is fundamental, it is not something for which you
            need “time for discussion.” So let me explain the
            fundamental problem:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoListParagraph"
          style="text-indent:-18.0pt;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo2"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span
style="font-size:9.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:windowtext"><span
              style="mso-list:Ignore">1.<span style="font:7.0pt
                "Times New Roman"">      </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">To
            quote the definition “</span><span
style="font-size:9.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:windowtext">Specific
            Fuel Consumption  – This is a measure of the amount of fuel
            required to boil (or simmer) 1 liter of water. It is
            calculated by the equivalent dry fuel used minus the energy
            in the remaining charcoal, divided by the liters of water
            remaining at the end of the test. In this way, the fuel used
            to produce a useful liter of “food” and essentially the time
            taken to do so is accounted for.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span
style="font-size:9.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:windowtext">Specific
            Fuel Consumption is listed as the IWA metric for Low Power,
            which is reported in MJ/(min·L)</span><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">”<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoListParagraph"
          style="text-indent:-18.0pt;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo2"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><span
              style="mso-list:Ignore">2.<span style="font:7.0pt
                "Times New Roman"">      </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">At
            constant temperature - the simmering temperature – there is
            no increase in the enthalpy of the water in the pot. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoListParagraph"
          style="text-indent:-18.0pt;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo2"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><span
              style="mso-list:Ignore">3.<span style="font:7.0pt
                "Times New Roman"">      </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">All
            energy used is therefore used to make good [the] energy lost
            from the pot by radiation, convection and conduction, and to
            supply the heat required to evaporate some water. The last
            of these losses is determined by the surface area of the
            liquid in the pot and the lid tightness or otherwise.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoListParagraph"
          style="text-indent:-18.0pt;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo2"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><span
              style="mso-list:Ignore">4.<span style="font:7.0pt
                "Times New Roman"">      </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">None
            of these heat losses is determined by the volume of water in
            the pot.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoListParagraph"
          style="text-indent:-18.0pt;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo2"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><span
              style="mso-list:Ignore">5.<span style="font:7.0pt
                "Times New Roman"">      </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">As
            a result, the fuel consumption does not depend on the volume
            of water in the pot, and the “Specific Fuel Consumption”
            likewise is not determined by the volume of water in the
            pot, only by the geometry of the pot, the material of which
            it is made, and the tightness of the lid.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">If
            you can indicate to me which of these points is in error, I
            will be happy to debate that point, but until you can do so,
            I must maintain that the metric, and therefore the test, is
            <u>fundamentally</u> wrong.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">The
            thought experiment is to pour all the contents of the pot,
            once it has reached 3 degrees below local boiling, into a
            thermos flask. It will “simmer” (remain -3 to -6 degrees
            below boiling) for a long time and require no heat input at
            all. A “hot box” similarly is effective because the food is
            cooked with no external heat input. Neither the thermos nor
            the hot box efficiency depends on the volume of liquid, only
            on the effectiveness of the insulation.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Over
            to you.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Philip<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
        <div>
          <div style="border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF
            1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm">
            <p class="MsoNormal"><b><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:windowtext">From:</span></b><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:windowtext">
                Stoves [<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="mailto:stoves-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org">mailto:stoves-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org</a>]
                <b>On Behalf Of </b>Paul Anderson<br>
                <b>Sent:</b> 16 February 2015 06:47<br>
                <b>To:</b> Discussion of biomass cooking stoves<br>
                <b>Subject:</b> [Stoves] The need to continue the
                discussion Re: simmer efficiency<o:p></o:p></span></p>
          </div>
        </div>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
        <div>
          <p class="MsoNormal">Dear Philip,      and to Dean and all,<br>
            <br>
            Philip wrote: <o:p></o:p></p>
          <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">I
              do not think we should waste much more time arguing about
              them – they are fundamentally wrong. </span><o:p></o:p></p>
          <p class="MsoNormal">It is precisely because things are (or
            might be) wrong that we need this time for discussion, even
            if it is a form of arguing.   To not press for clarification
            (and a possible reversal) of what Dean is so staunchly
            defending would be to yield to the status quo of the testing
            procedures.   <br>
            <br>
            Crispin has been rather lonely as the outspoken critic of
            the status quo WBT.   It is interesting to hear such a solid
            support by you (Philip).    It would be good to hear from
            others who agree with Crispin's comment: <br>
            <br>
            <o:p></o:p></p>
          <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">The
              variables selected [for Low Power testing] are
              inappropriately chosen. .... </span><o:p></o:p></p>
          <p class="MsoNormal">But Crispin and you give an incorrect
            comment when saying:<br>
            <br>
            <o:p></o:p></p>
          <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">.... 
              We have to move on.” </span><o:p></o:p></p>
          <p class="MsoNormal">The time is NOW to keep this discussion
            going until there is resolution.   It might take a while,
            but as I see it, there are at least two CAMPS or lines of
            thinking about the Low Power measurements in the stove
            testing.   Dean seems to present much of the thinking found
            in the USA, with some (but probably not all) supporters in
            the GACC and EPA.   Crispin suggests that at least some
            other countries and agencies are supportive of his line of
            reasoning (China, Indonesia, South Africa, World Bank).  
            But certainly that also is not 100% locked in.    <br>
            <br>
            Perhaps there is a totally different method or two.  
            Perhaps the current method and an alternative are BOTH
            meaningful.   But I doubt that.   I am a stove designer, not
            an equation-using physical-chemical scientist.   So I will
            win when whichever testing methodology is found to be
            correct.   And I am VERY CONCERNED that in 2015 we still
            need this discussion and debate.   But it must be
            resolved!!!!!!!!!!!<br>
            <br>
            Dean commented (and I think I did not take it out of
            context):<br>
            <br>
            <o:p></o:p></p>
          <p class="MsoNormal">... the new approaches are forged by
            consensus.<o:p></o:p></p>
          <p class="MsoNormal">"Consensus" will prevail (and there will
            be some who will never join the consensus).   But consensus
            is not to be based on democratic votes or even a slight
            majority number of nations adopting some set of standards.  
            What must prevail is the SCIENCE associated with the testing
            procedures.   <br>
            <br>
            We should not be here trying to get votes like
            politicians.   We need to be hear sound scientific
            arguments.   So, my requests are:<br>
            <br>
            Philip, (and others) please help explain what is incorrect
            with the Low Power testing measurements and calculations.  
            Most specifically, the use of a variable called "amount of
            water boiled away during simmering" seems to be in
            question.  (also expressed as weight of water in pot at end
            of simmering time).<br>
            <br>
            Dean, (and others) please help explain how the boiling away
            of water during simmer time <u>has meaning in the
              calculations</u> .   We understand that evaporated water
            represents heat energy that exits the system.   But the
            system is about maintaining a boiling point (or slightly
            below), and that task is accomplished whether the
            evaporation is of 0 or 100 or 300 or 500 or more grams of
            water.   <br>
            <br>
            AND we know the amount of fuel that was consumed.   What is
            important is the fuel consumption, and we do not need
            "weight of evaporated water " to know the fuel
            consumption.   There is no "work" in simmering except to
            keep the water in the pot from going below the minimum
            allowed temperature.   And the water temperature cannot
            possibly go above the boiling point (unless in a pressurized
            vessel, which is not an allowed consideration).<br>
            <br>
            To all:  Please help us all to see the formulae (three of
            them, for efficiency, CO and PM) that are in the current
            version of the testing protocol.   The document is public
            and on the Internet.   Please help us find the right
            specific pages.    I will not pretend to understand such
            formulae, but with help, I want to boil it down to the issue
            of the evaporated water.  Does it matter?   Should it
            matter?<br>
            <br>
            I am most focused on the formula for efficiency, but all
            three with survive or fall together with the understanding
            of the impact of the amount of water that is evaporated
            during simmering.<br>
            <br>
            This is NOT the time to turn away from this discussion.  <br>
            <br>
            Paul<br>
            <br>
            <br>
            <o:p></o:p></p>
          <pre>Doc  /  Dr TLUD  /  Prof. Paul S. Anderson, PhD  <o:p></o:p></pre>
          <pre>Email:  <a moz-do-not-send="true" href="mailto:psanders@ilstu.edu">psanders@ilstu.edu</a>   <o:p></o:p></pre>
          <pre>Skype: paultlud      Phone: +1-309-452-7072<o:p></o:p></pre>
          <pre>Website:  <a moz-do-not-send="true" href="http://www.drtlud.com">www.drtlud.com</a><o:p></o:p></pre>
          <p class="MsoNormal">On 2/15/2015 1:43 PM, Philip Lloyd wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
        </div>
        <blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
          <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Dear
              Dean</span><o:p></o:p></p>
          <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
          <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Crispin
              said it well:<br>
              “</span><span
style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">The
              three low power metrics are invalid. The variables
              selected are inappropriately chosen. The calculated
              results are misleading and contrary to any claim [that]
              they provide guidance for product development or
              selection. We have to move on.” </span><o:p></o:p></p>
          <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
          <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">I
              have looked at the simmering metrics in WBT 4.3.2 and can
              only concur.  That is why I do not think we should waste
              much more time arguing about them – they are fundamentally
              wrong. Yes, stove designers need to be concerned with
              simmering and turndown; no, the WBT simmering metrics do
              not provide them with guidance, and can be positively
              misleading, which is worse.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
          <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
          <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Kind
              regards</span><o:p></o:p></p>
          <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
          <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Philip
              Lloyd</span><o:p></o:p></p>
          <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
          <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
          <div style="border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF
            1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm">
            <p class="MsoNormal"><b><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"">From:</span></b><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"">
                Stoves [<a moz-do-not-send="true"
                  href="mailto:stoves-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org">mailto:stoves-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org</a>]
                <b>On Behalf Of </b>Dean Still<br>
                <b>Sent:</b> 15 February 2015 06:38<br>
                <b>To:</b> Discussion of biomass cooking stoves<br>
                <b>Subject:</b> Re: [Stoves] Examples of results of
                simmer efficiency Re: [Ethos] Additional presentations
                at ETHOS 2015</span><o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal">Dear Prof Loyd,<o:p></o:p></p>
            <div>
              <p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
            </div>
            <div>
              <p class="MsoNormal">As I pointed out, when the stoves do
                the same work (hold the water at 97 C, for example) the
                stove with greater heat transfer efficiency scores
                better. Simmering tests are important and simmering is
                an important part of cooking.<o:p></o:p></p>
            </div>
            <div>
              <p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
            </div>
            <div>
              <p class="MsoNormal">The ISO process is creating new
                history and approaches to old problems. Whatever emerges
                will certainly be defensible as the new approaches are
                forged by consensus.<o:p></o:p></p>
            </div>
            <div>
              <p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
            </div>
            <div>
              <p class="MsoNormal">Best,<o:p></o:p></p>
            </div>
            <div>
              <p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
            </div>
            <div>
              <p class="MsoNormal">Dean<o:p></o:p></p>
              <div>
                <p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
                <div>
                  <p class="MsoNormal">On Sun, Feb 15, 2015 at 12:58 AM,
                    Philip Lloyd <<a moz-do-not-send="true"
                      href="mailto:plloyd@mweb.co.za" target="_blank">plloyd@mweb.co.za</a>>
                    wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
                  <div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"
                        style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">I
                          am concerned that this is turning into a very
                          fruitless discussion.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"
                        style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"
                        style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">On
                          fundamental grounds the simmering test does
                          not provide anything meaningful.  Crispin has
                          demonstrated that rigorously, and others have
                          pointed out that the test can score an
                          efficient stove poorly and an inefficient
                          stove well, so it does not provide any useful
                          measure.  To go on defending the indefensible
                          does not make sense, even if it did accentuate
                          the need for turndown – but that need was
                          always there, it was not the product of the
                          WBT.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"
                        style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"
                        style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">We
                          need defensible measures of stove
                          performance.  Can we please turn our attention
                          to developing those, and leave the
                          indefensible to history?</span><o:p></o:p></p>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"
                        style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"
                        style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Prof
                          Philip Lloyd</span><o:p></o:p></p>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"
                        style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Energy
                          Institute</span><o:p></o:p></p>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"
                        style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Cape
                          Peninsula University of Technology</span><o:p></o:p></p>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"
                        style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">PO
                          Box 652, Cape Town 8000</span><o:p></o:p></p>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"
                        style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><a
                            moz-do-not-send="true" href="Tel:021">Tel:021</a>
                          460 4216</span><o:p></o:p></p>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"
                        style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Fax:021
                          460 3828</span><o:p></o:p></p>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"
                        style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Cell:
                          083 441 5247</span><o:p></o:p></p>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"
                        style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
                      <div>
                        <div style="border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF
                          1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm">
                          <p class="MsoNormal"
                            style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><b><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"">From:</span></b><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"">
                              Stoves [mailto:<a moz-do-not-send="true"
                                href="mailto:stoves-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org"
                                target="_blank">stoves-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org</a>]
                              <b>On Behalf Of </b>Paul Anderson<br>
                              <b>Sent:</b> 15 February 2015 02:26<br>
                              <b>To:</b> Discussion of biomass cooking
                              stoves<br>
                              <b>Subject:</b> Re: [Stoves] Examples of
                              results of simmer efficiency Re: [Ethos]
                              Additional presentations at ETHOS 2015</span><o:p></o:p></p>
                        </div>
                      </div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"
                        style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"> <o:p></o:p></p>
                      <div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal"
                          style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;margin-bottom:12.0pt">Dear
                          Dean,    my reply is below:<o:p></o:p></p>
                        <pre>Doc  /  Dr TLUD  /  Prof. Paul S. Anderson, PhD  <o:p></o:p></pre>
                        <pre>Email:  <a moz-do-not-send="true" href="mailto:psanders@ilstu.edu" target="_blank">psanders@ilstu.edu</a>   <o:p></o:p></pre>
                        <pre>Skype: paultlud      Phone: <a moz-do-not-send="true" href="tel:%2B1-309-452-7072" target="_blank">+1-309-452-7072</a><o:p></o:p></pre>
                        <pre>Website:  <a moz-do-not-send="true" href="http://www.drtlud.com" target="_blank">www.drtlud.com</a><o:p></o:p></pre>
                        <p class="MsoNormal"
                          style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto">On
                          2/14/2015 1:06 PM, Dean Still wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
                      </div>
                      <blockquote
                        style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
                        <div>
                          <p class="MsoNormal"
                            style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto">Dear
                            Paul, <o:p></o:p></p>
                          <div>
                            <p class="MsoNormal"
                              style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"> <o:p></o:p></p>
                          </div>
                          <div>
                            <p class="MsoNormal"
                              style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto">To
                              do well on the Low Power Specific
                              Consumption metrics the stove has to have
                              a good Turn Down Ratio. In other words,
                              the stove has to have high power and low
                              power.<o:p></o:p></p>
                          </div>
                        </div>
                      </blockquote>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"
                        style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;margin-bottom:12.0pt">I
                        totally agree with this.   But it is not the
                        whole story of LPSC.   Other factors influence
                        LPSC, especially concerning the measurement of
                        the variables that are used to make the
                        calculation.   These can include the insulation
                        of the pot (incl. skirts), lid on pot, pot
                        characteristics such as size, quantity of water
                        in the pot at the start, and at the finish.<o:p></o:p></p>
                      <div>
                        <div>
                          <p class="MsoNormal"
                            style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"> <o:p></o:p></p>
                        </div>
                        <div>
                          <p class="MsoNormal"
                            style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto">Specific
                            Consumption is based on how much energy was
                            used to create simmered water. <o:p></o:p></p>
                        </div>
                      </div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"
                        style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;margin-bottom:12.0pt">Simmered
                        water is not created.   It was already hot at
                        the start of the simmer phase of testing.   We
                        are interested in how much energy is used to
                        MAINTAIN the required temperature near boiling,
                        but preferable about 3 degrees C lower than that
                        boiling temperature.   In fact, a
                        super-insulative pot could need barely a flicker
                        of a flame, and therefore even a well
                        turned-down stove could cause the water to boil
                        and evaporate.   <o:p></o:p></p>
                      <div>
                        <div>
                          <p class="MsoNormal"
                            style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto">If
                            the stove only operates at high power there
                            is more steam made and [at the end of
                            testing] less simmered water remains....<o:p></o:p></p>
                        </div>
                      </div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"
                        style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;margin-bottom:12.0pt">that
                        is true.   but continue.<o:p></o:p></p>
                      <div>
                        <div>
                          <p class="MsoNormal"
                            style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto">.....
                            so energy was used to create less product.<o:p></o:p></p>
                        </div>
                      </div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"
                        style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;margin-bottom:12.0pt">Stove
                        simmering is not creating a product.   It is
                        maintaining a temperature.   The steam that is
                        driven off does not represent loss of "product"
                        which should be understood to be "cooked food"
                        (and not meaning water that can be added to the
                        pot by any attentive cook in a household.)<o:p></o:p></p>
                      <div>
                        <div>
                          <p class="MsoNormal"
                            style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"> <o:p></o:p></p>
                        </div>
                        <div>
                          <p class="MsoNormal"
                            style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto">I
                            like Specific Consumption because it forces
                            stove designers to make stoves that simmer
                            successfully, not just boil water. <o:p></o:p></p>
                        </div>
                      </div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"
                        style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;margin-bottom:12.0pt">I
                        agree.   But the measurement procedures need to
                        accurately document the ability to have that
                        strong turn-down ratio, without calculations
                        that can yield ambiguous or mis-leading results.<o:p></o:p></p>
                      <div>
                        <div>
                          <p class="MsoNormal"
                            style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto">For
                            example, new TLUDs are better stoves because
                            they have both high power and low power. In
                            my opinion, the WBT 4.2.3 helped to create
                            these more successful TLUDs.<o:p></o:p></p>
                        </div>
                      </div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"
                        style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;margin-bottom:12.0pt">The
                        cause-and-effect relationship is not totally
                        clear.   We have wanted turn-down capabilities
                        in TLUDs for many years.   <o:p></o:p></p>
                      <div>
                        <div>
                          <p class="MsoNormal"
                            style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"> <o:p></o:p></p>
                        </div>
                        <div>
                          <p class="MsoNormal"
                            style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto">As
                            Sam says, we are working on a paper showing
                            characteristics of the WBT 4.2.3 for the ISO
                            work. Knowing the characteristics lets folks
                            evolve a perfect test. <o:p></o:p></p>
                        </div>
                      </div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"
                        style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;margin-bottom:12.0pt">I
                        question the above wording to "evolve a perfect
                        test" (which is a test run, not the test
                        procedures.)   Maybe the statement should be
                        that "knowing the characteristics let's folks
                        operate their stoves in special ways to obtain
                        superior results that are not realistic for
                        average users."  OR "... let's folks 'game the
                        metrics' to present 'perfected' test-results
                        BASED ON OPERATIONAL PROCEDURES AND NOT ON
                        IMPROVEMENTS TO THE STOVES THEMSELVES." <br>
                        <br>
                        OR it could be that flawed protocols /procedures
                        (such as dividing by the volume of remaining
                        water after simmering) can yield numerical
                        results that are questionable and perhaps
                        disadvantageous to the development of clean
                        cookstoves. <o:p></o:p></p>
                      <div>
                        <div>
                          <p class="MsoNormal"
                            style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"> <o:p></o:p></p>
                        </div>
                        <div>
                          <p class="MsoNormal"
                            style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto">Sam
                            is doing great work as he crunches all the
                            data....<o:p></o:p></p>
                        </div>
                      </div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"
                        style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;margin-bottom:12.0pt">absolutely.  
                        But we are questioning if the numbers are as
                        valid and useful as claimed.<o:p></o:p></p>
                      <div>
                        <div>
                          <p class="MsoNormal"
                            style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"> and
                            gives ISO real numbers to work with in their
                            discussions.<o:p></o:p></p>
                        </div>
                      </div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"
                        style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;margin-bottom:12.0pt"><br>
                        Concluding statement:   The topic of Low Power
                        Specific Consumption is too important to just
                        brush aside the stated issues.   More "expert
                        testimony" would be useful, including a
                        mathematical analysis of the impact of the parts
                        of the calculations.   <br>
                        <br>
                        Paul<br>
                        <br>
                        <br>
                        <br>
                        <o:p></o:p></p>
                      <div>
                        <div>
                          <p class="MsoNormal"
                            style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"> <o:p></o:p></p>
                        </div>
                        <div>
                          <p class="MsoNormal"
                            style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto">Best,<o:p></o:p></p>
                        </div>
                        <div>
                          <p class="MsoNormal"
                            style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"> <o:p></o:p></p>
                        </div>
                        <div>
                          <p class="MsoNormal"
                            style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto">Dean<o:p></o:p></p>
                        </div>
                      </div>
                      <div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal"
                          style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"> <o:p></o:p></p>
                        <div>
                          <p class="MsoNormal"
                            style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto">On
                            Sat, Feb 14, 2015 at 8:18 AM, Paul Anderson
                            <<a moz-do-not-send="true"
                              href="mailto:psanders@ilstu.edu"
                              target="_blank">psanders@ilstu.edu</a>>
                            wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
                          <div>
                            <div>
                              <p class="MsoNormal"
                                style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;margin-bottom:12.0pt">Dear
                                Tom H.,         and to all who are
                                interested in proper testing of stoves.<br>
                                <br>
                                Your reply about your experiences is
                                helpful.   Sounds like you had qualified
                                testing center do the testing, in
                                accordance with the procedures that
                                Crispin is questioning.   Please send to
                                me the full details.   Could be
                                off-list, but this is sufficiently
                                important that we will want the full
                                results known.<br>
                                <br>
                                I have a specific case of official
                                testing of one of my stoves with
                                unfavorable results for Low-Heat
                                Efficiency (simmering).   I will add
                                that into the list of examples and
                                provide the details very soon.<br>
                                <br>
                                I invite anyone else who has something
                                to report about simmering efficiency to
                                also send details of their experiences,
                                either favorable or unfavorable or
                                neutral.  <br>
                                <br>
                                The examination of the questionable
                                methods about simmer efficiency might
                                take some days, maybe weeks.   But not
                                the months or years that this debate has
                                been "simmering".   <br>
                                <br>
                                Remember:  A testing center that
                                properly conducts testing using an
                                endorsed but possibly flawed procedure
                                is NOT a culprit.  The culprit is the
                                testing protocols, <u>IF found to be
                                  faulty.   </u>And we hope that the
                                testing center people (employees and
                                leaders) who understand the technical
                                aspects of the calculations will be
                                among those who can help resolve these
                                serious issues.<br>
                                <br>
                                Even those who developed protocols that
                                are eventually shown to be faulty are
                                not culprits.   Mistakes can be made.   
                                However, the culprits can include those
                                who advocate a protocol that he or she
                                knows (or reasonably suspects) to be
                                faulty.<br>
                                <br>
                                Paul <o:p></o:p></p>
                              <pre>Doc  /  Dr TLUD  /  Prof. Paul S. Anderson, PhD  <o:p></o:p></pre>
                              <pre>Email:  <a moz-do-not-send="true" href="mailto:psanders@ilstu.edu" target="_blank">psanders@ilstu.edu</a>   <o:p></o:p></pre>
                              <pre>Skype: paultlud      Phone: <a moz-do-not-send="true" href="tel:%2B1-309-452-7072" target="_blank">+1-309-452-7072</a><o:p></o:p></pre>
                              <pre>Website:  <a moz-do-not-send="true" href="http://www.drtlud.com" target="_blank">www.drtlud.com</a><o:p></o:p></pre>
                              <p class="MsoNormal"
                                style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"> <o:p></o:p></p>
                            </div>
                          </div>
                        </div>
                      </div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"
                        style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"> <o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                  </div>
                  <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><br>
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                    <o:p></o:p></p>
                </div>
                <p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
          <p class="MsoNormal"><br>
            <br>
            <br>
            <o:p></o:p></p>
          <pre>_______________________________________________<o:p></o:p></pre>
          <pre>Stoves mailing list<o:p></o:p></pre>
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        </blockquote>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
      </div>
      <br>
      <fieldset class="mimeAttachmentHeader"></fieldset>
      <br>
      <pre wrap="">_______________________________________________
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</pre>
    </blockquote>
    <br>
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