<html>
<head>
<meta content="text/html; charset=windows-1252"
http-equiv="Content-Type">
</head>
<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000">
<div class="moz-cite-prefix">Jed, <br>
<br>
Thanks for that link to a very useful video!!!<br>
<br>
The video mentions several times that parboiling increases the
nutrients content of the rice, but does not say how. An
excellent explanation of the nutrient saving is at:<br>
<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parboiled_rice">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parboiled_rice</a> <br>
<br>
see the "<span class="mw-headline"
id="Graphical_depiction_of_nutrition_transfer">Graphical
depiction of nutrition transfer"</span><br>
<br>
Jed, you mentioned four technological fronts, but did not name
them. What are your considering doing?<br>
<br>
Paul<br>
<br>
<pre class="moz-signature" cols="72">Doc / Dr TLUD / Prof. Paul S. Anderson, PhD
Email: <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:psanders@ilstu.edu">psanders@ilstu.edu</a>
Skype: paultlud Phone: +1-309-452-7072
Website: <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="http://www.drtlud.com">www.drtlud.com</a></pre>
On 2/19/2015 3:56 PM, Joshua Guinto wrote:<br>
</div>
<blockquote
cite="mid:CABxLnO3X_6c=NXJuwhHJBjqyw+HqczUAAhAecnvovwt1HGHhQg@mail.gmail.com"
type="cite">
<div dir="ltr">
<div>
<div>
<div>Dear Dr. Paul and Joe and Serge.<br>
<br>
</div>
Greetings!<br>
<br>
</div>
This is also very interesting for me. As you know i was all
the while tinkering with the terra cotta equivalents of the
gasifier stoves. And i just have one on the making. For the
lack of better name i call it the Brick Stove Carbonizer. <br>
<br>
<br>
</div>
<div>Last night, i found a video in the you tube and it helped
greatly to understand parboiling as this is the first time for
me to learn about it. <br>
<br>
<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bNUlsnIO_1A">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bNUlsnIO_1A</a><br>
<br>
</div>
<div>My idea to combined the best features of four technological
fronts for the need of Serge in parboiling: <br>
<br>
</div>
<div>
<div><br>
<div>
<div><br>
<br>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="gmail_extra"><br clear="all">
<div>
<div class="gmail_signature">
<div dir="ltr">
<div>
<div><b><span style="font-family:garamond,serif">Joshua
B. Guinto<br>
</span></b><span style="font-family:garamond,serif">Specialist,
Appropriate Technology<br>
</span></div>
<span style="font-family:garamond,serif">MSc Management
of AgroEcological Knowledge and Social Change (MAKS)<br>
</span></div>
<span style="font-family:garamond,serif">Wageningen
University, The Netherlands</span> <b><br>
</b><br>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<br>
<div class="gmail_quote">2015-02-20 3:10 GMT+08:00 Paul Anderson
<span dir="ltr"><<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="mailto:psanders@ilstu.edu" target="_blank">psanders@ilstu.edu</a>></span>:<br>
<blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0
.8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">Dear Serge
and Abraham,<br>
<br>
I am not sure in what country Abraham lives. Please tell
us. It is interesting that two messages about parboiling of
rice arrived so close together in time.<br>
<br>
The rest of this message relates to Serge's message:<br>
<br>
1. Please confirm the following:<br>
A. The people who parboil the rice are doing it as a
business.<br>
B. Do those same people remove the husks from the barboiled
rice? If yes, then they have control over their own fuel
supply, which is good.<br>
<br>
C. The rice must reach a temperature of 80 deg C. But how
critical is it that the time to reach that temperature is
about 30 minutes? What if it took 45 minutes? or only 20
minutes? Does that have any impact on the rice itself?<br>
<br>
D. How do the people know that it has reached about 80 C?
Thermometer? Visual seeing of small bubbles rising?
Touch? That does not make any difference. I am just
curious.<br>
<br>
E. The steaming of the hot wet rice is the crucial step.
We will try for boiling (evaporating away) 6 L of water in
one hour. But how sensitive is that time? And if the
time needs to be close to one hour, and if the stove is
boiling away the water too fast, is it acceptable to have 7
or 8 liters for creation of the steam. In other words,
steam (at 100 deg C) needs to pass through the rice. Is
the amount of steam (from 6 liters of water) the important
issue, or is steam for one hour (whether from 6 or 7 or 8
liters) the important issue?<br>
<br>
2. Joe James (who is receiving this message) has recently
worked on a rice husk TLUD gasifier that should be able to
accomplish the specified tasks. Joe is an engineer and can
crank out some of the numbers. Also some other members of
this Stoves Listserv could be of assistance. Here are the
questions:<br>
How much heat is needed to vaporize 6 L of water?<br>
Raise 6000 g of water from about 25 C to 100 C<br>
(75 degree change x _______ Joules per gram x 6000 =
___________)<br>
Then add in the latent heat needed for vaporizing the 6000
g.<br>
<br>
Divide that total amount of heat by 60 minutes.<br>
<br>
Determine how much rice husk is needed to get the needed
heat (allow for efficiency of heat transfer to be as low as
30%.)<br>
<br>
This not my specialty, but I know it all can be calculated.
Also to calculate the heat needed to bring the pot to 80
deg C in the first phase of the processing. A little
assistance would be appreciated.<br>
<br>
Then we see how much heat Joe's unit (called JJQuad TLUD)
can put out. The unit can be made larger or smaller, and
having 2 units might be the better option. Or we increase
the air flow (via the fan) to get faster pyrolysis, and
maybe we need to have a refill of fuel into the batch
gasifier. This does not take long to refill and reignite.<br>
<br>
3. Subject to actually making things happen, in my opinion
the best "evident" option is to have a rice husk gasifier
provide the heat by using the husks from the rice as fuel
for the parboiling businesses are creating.<br>
<br>
4. The production of at JJQuad TLUD is being examined in
Vietnam at this time. We are assisted with this by Dylan
Maxwell and Olivier Kolmel, who are also receiving this
message. There are issues being examined about fans and
controls and metal quality and production. This is not a
quick solution, but it is quite viable, in my opinion.<br>
<br>
5. Serge, I would like to know about the number of
parboiled-rice producers you are considering could need such
a solution. Also, please tell us about metal working (thin
sheet metal) capabilities in Benin, and accessible. Also, I
would appreciate information about you and your involvement
and situation (with an NGO?).<br>
<br>
It might be time for this conversation to not be on the
Stove Listserv, or after any replies by Joe or Dylan and
Olivier. Any readers who have continuing interest should
probably tell me and Serge so that we can keep you informed.<span
class="HOEnZb"><font color="#888888"><br>
<br>
Paul</font></span><span class="im HOEnZb"><br>
<br>
Doc / Dr TLUD / Prof. Paul S. Anderson, PhD<br>
Email: <a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="mailto:psanders@ilstu.edu" target="_blank">psanders@ilstu.edu</a><br>
Skype: paultlud Phone: <a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="tel:%2B1-309-452-7072" value="+13094527072"
target="_blank">+1-309-452-7072</a><br>
Website: <a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.drtlud.com" target="_blank">www.drtlud.com</a><br>
<br>
</span>
<div class="HOEnZb">
<div class="h5">
On 2/19/2015 5:21 AM, Serge Horsmans wrote:<br>
<blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0
.8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
Dear Paul and ,<br>
<br>
Thank you very much for your quick response. Please
find the answers<br>
to the questions asked.<br>
<br>
1. How important is it to convert to using the rice
husks as fuel for<br>
the parboiling process? I believe that use of the
rice husk as fuel<br>
is NOT the priority. As Serge and Abraham have
stated, the main<br>
concern is to reduce the use of large amounts of
wood. Appropriately<br>
sized TLUD gasifiers with wood fuel (or Rocket burners
of sticks)<br>
could accomplish the task of reducing the amount of
wood being burned.<br>
This would be with natural draft.<br>
<br>
At this moment I have to list the possibilities of not
using firewood<br>
in the parboiling process. The use of a rice husk
gasifier seems to<br>
me one of those possibilities. So I would like to
continue with rice<br>
husk, as it is easily available. So at this moment I
would like to<br>
answer the question, “Is somebody using a rice husk
gasifier that that<br>
can heat water to a temperature of about 80°C in about
30 min.? And<br>
can the same stove be used to boil away 6 l. of water
In about 1 h.?”.<br>
If there is such a stove I would like to know and I
will added to my<br>
list. Next we might want to test that one first.<br>
<br>
2. IF rice husks are to be used with a TLUD gasfier,
it would<br>
required Force Air (or Fan Assistance) (FA), and that
would require a<br>
small amount of electricity. With the parboiling
being done in the<br>
daytime, a solar cell could be used, even without a
battery. What<br>
are the availabilities of small electrical power in
the locations of<br>
either Abraham's or Serge's operations?<br>
<br>
I was aware that fan assistance would be needed. We
do have the<br>
possibility to provide the required electricity.<br>
<br>
3. Please comment on the frequency of doing the
parboiling task.<br>
Abraham, is your operation run every day? Frequency
of use can<br>
impact favorably the ability of maintain equipment
such as a fan unit<br>
or battery / solar package.<br>
<br>
Maintenance will not be a problem.<br>
<br>
4. For the 25 L quantities described by Serge, there
is really no<br>
need to have a continuous operating gasifier. Either
the unit could<br>
be large enough for the stated durations of usage (30
minutes to raise<br>
to 80 C; and one hour for the steaming). To boil
away (evaporate) 6<br>
L of water in one hour can be accomplished; but some
attention should<br>
be paid to the configuration under the pot, such as
possibly having a<br>
pot-skirt or other ways to improve heat retention and
heat transfer.<br>
This is NOT a situation requiring a good turn down
ratio to obtain Low<br>
Power cooking.<br>
<br>
We will use the configuration you can see on the
pictures where the<br>
rice is steamed or use a pot skirt. We might not need
a continuous<br>
operating gasifier but as the operations will be
performed outdoor,<br>
wind or other environmental factors might slow down
the heating,<br>
requiring more fuel. What ever type we will use, we
need to make sure<br>
that the parboiling can be finished. The aim of our
study is to<br>
improve the livelihood of the rice parboilers in
Benin. If the<br>
parboiling process cannot be finished, the paddy might
get spoiled and<br>
they will not have an income, they will loose the
money they used to<br>
buy the paddy instead. That should be avoided. So
if we go on with<br>
batch gasifiers, we might have to oversize the unit.<br>
<br>
5. As we close in on the topic, we need to discuss
who will lead the<br>
efforts (management) to accomplish the tasks, and who
will pay for the<br>
expenses (finances). Strong communications via
email are quite<br>
important. Skype is useful. Access to some
sheet-metal workers is<br>
important for the fabrication of the TLUDs. The cost
of materials<br>
should not be very high, but the issues and costs of
management and<br>
labor can be easy or difficult, depending on the
circumstances.<br>
<br>
It is going very fast now and I 'm very happy with
your enthusiasm !<br>
But as you can read in the answer on your first
question, right now I<br>
am listing the possibilities of not using firewood in
the parboiling<br>
process. So my first question is, can we banish
firewood using those<br>
stoves? Or more in detail, I want to know “Is there
an existing rice<br>
husk gasifier that that can heat water to a
temperature of about 80°C<br>
in about 30 min.? And can the same stove be used to
boil away 6 l. of<br>
water In about 1 h.?”. If there is not such a
stove, we will have<br>
to compare the different possibilities to banish
firewood in the<br>
parboiling of rice in Benin. The rice husk gasifiers
will be an<br>
option. Next we might consider to design one
ourselves and your help<br>
will be really appreciated. As we have experience in
Benin with<br>
dissemination of new technologies, we might start to
built them and<br>
provide them. But we are not that far yet.<br>
<br>
6. Are Serge and Abraham close together, and working
together? If<br>
not, each should describe their specific situations.
Please send us<br>
your views of possible plans for moving forward.<br>
<br>
I would like to know more about Abraham and his
project. As<br>
mentioned we are in Benin and at the moment I live in
Savalou,<br>
department Les Collines. For my view, please read my
answer on<br>
question 5. I like to know more about your views.<br>
<br>
Thank you very much!<br>
<br>
Kind regards,<br>
<br>
Serge<br>
<br>
2015-02-18 19:30 GMT+01:00, Paul Anderson <<a
moz-do-not-send="true"
href="mailto:psanders@ilstu.edu" target="_blank">psanders@ilstu.edu</a>>:<br>
<blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0
.8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
Dear Serge and Abraham,<br>
<br>
The photos from Serge are very helpful. Photos
from Abraham will show<br>
the larger system that they use.<br>
<br>
There are a few questions and issues.<br>
<br>
1. How important is it to convert to using the rice
husks as fuel for<br>
the parboiling process? I believe that use of the
rice husk as fuel is<br>
NOT the priority. As Serge and Abraham have
stated, the main concern<br>
is to reduce the use of large amounts of wood.
Appropriately sized TLUD<br>
gasifiers with wood fuel (or Rocket burners of
sticks) could accomplish<br>
the task of reducing the amount of wood being
burned. This would be<br>
with natural draft.<br>
<br>
2. _IF _rice husks are to be used with a TLUD
gasfier, it would required<br>
Force Air (or Fan Assistance) (FA), and that would
require a small<br>
amount of electricity. With the parboiling being
done in the daytime,<br>
a solar cell could be used, even without a battery.
What are the<br>
availabilities of small electrical power in the
locations of either<br>
Abraham's or Serge's operations?<br>
<br>
3. Please comment on the frequency of doing the
parboiling task.<br>
Abraham, is your operation run every day?
Frequency of use can impact<br>
favorably the ability of maintain equipment such as
a fan unit or<br>
battery / solar package.<br>
<br>
4. For the 25 L quantities described by Serge,
there is really no need<br>
to have a continuous operating gasifier. Either
the unit could be<br>
large enough for the stated durations of usage (30
minutes to raise to<br>
80 C; and one hour for the steaming). To boil away
(evaporate) 6 L of<br>
water in one hour can be accomplished; but some
attention should be paid<br>
to the configuration under the pot, such as possibly
having a pot-skirt<br>
or other ways to improve heat retention and heat
transfer. This is NOT<br>
a situation requiring a good turn down ratio to
obtain Low Power cooking.<br>
<br>
5. As we close in on the topic, we need to discuss
who will lead the<br>
efforts (management) to accomplish the tasks, and
who will pay for the<br>
expenses (finances). Strong communications via
email are quite<br>
important. Skype is useful. Access to some
sheet-metal workers is<br>
important for the fabrication of the TLUDs. The
cost of materials<br>
should not be very high, but the issues and costs of
management and<br>
labor can be easy or difficult, depending on the
circumstances.<br>
<br>
6. Are Serge and Abraham close together, and
working together? If not,<br>
each should describe their specific situations.
Please send us your<br>
views of possible plans for moving forward.<br>
</blockquote>
<br>
<blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0
.8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
Dr TLUD<br>
<br>
Doc / Dr TLUD / Prof. Paul S. Anderson, PhD<br>
Email: <a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="mailto:psanders@ilstu.edu" target="_blank">psanders@ilstu.edu</a><br>
Skype: paultlud Phone: <a
moz-do-not-send="true"
href="tel:%2B1-309-452-7072" value="+13094527072"
target="_blank">+1-309-452-7072</a><br>
Website: <a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.drtlud.com" target="_blank">www.drtlud.com</a><br>
<br>
On 2/18/2015 5:01 AM, Serge Horsmans wrote:<br>
<blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0
.8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
Dear Paul (and other insiders),<br>
<br>
thank you very much for your attention to my
request. Below you will<br>
find the questions and the answers. Please ask
for more information<br>
if needed.<br>
<br>
1. What heat source(s) are you currently using?
Do you have<br>
batch-operations of rice husk gasifiers already?
What is good and<br>
what is bad about them?<br>
<br>
At the moment we are using fire wood as the
heat source. We are not<br>
using gasifiers and I don't have any experience
with them, but it<br>
seems to me that continuous flow gasifiers are
more appropriate since<br>
once the heating of the soak water or the steaming
is started, it<br>
should not be interrupted by refilling the batch.
It is hard to find<br>
gasifiers in Africa.<br>
<br>
2. Is your operation the only one, or could there
be other similar<br>
businesses that might also want to improve their
heat sources?<br>
<br>
I am not too much aware of the other
businesses, but it is easy to<br>
guess that if it is affordable technology, it will
as well be adopted<br>
by local restaurants. For one or other reason
this technology didn't<br>
reach Africa yet.<br>
In Benin, it is mainly women that parboil rice.
Recently a new<br>
device for parboiling has been introduced to
improve the quality of<br>
the parboiled rice. An educational video, in
which rural women<br>
explain how to use the improved rice-parboiling
technology and its<br>
benefits, was<br>
developed by AfricaRice in 2005 to promote this
technology to<br>
end-users. The video-supported training tool has
contributed<br>
significantly to the<br>
diffusion of the technology in Central Benin.
This video has been<br>
used by many NGOs. It is now the common device in
Benin. So the same<br>
might be done with the gasifier. All
organisations that support those<br>
women might adopt the gasifiers as they all want
to reduce the use of<br>
fire wood.<br>
<br>
3. I assume that all of the associated structures
are in place,<br>
functional, and are expected to be part of the new
operation.<br>
Structures such as the large vessels (pots, trays,
cauldrons, etc.)<br>
and also the boiler.<br>
<br>
Yes, though I don't know what you mean about the
boiler... it is just<br>
wood placed below the cauldron .<br>
Any heat source that can be used to heat water in
a cauldron could be<br>
used as the device is basically a cauldron
containing about 25 l. of<br>
water for soaking the paddy. The same cauldron
is afterwards used<br>
for steaming the paddy with about 6l. of water ( I
will add some<br>
pictures). Since firewood and charcoal have
always been used and is<br>
easily available, they continue to use firewood or
charcoal. By<br>
introducing the gasifiers we would like to reduce
the use of firewood.<br>
- Soaking process: heat paddy in 25 l. of water
to a temperature of<br>
about 80°C, it takes about 30 min. Next let it
cool down during the<br>
night in the cauldron.<br>
- Steaming process: You take a paddy holding vat
and a cauldron (a<br>
similar cauldron as for the soaking). The paddy
holding vat is<br>
perforated with holes (maximum diameter 2.5 mm)
from its base to about<br>
a quarter<br>
of the way up its body . The paddy rice is
poured into<br>
the vat, which is inserted in the cauldron
containing 6l. of water.<br>
The water level in<br>
the cauldron is such that it does not reach the
bottom of the paddy<br>
holding vat. The improved<br>
method prevents water in the cauldron from
getting into the paddy,<br>
only the steam<br>
generated from the boiling water in the
cauldron passes through the<br>
perforated vat to<br>
parboil (steam) the paddy rice. It takes about
1 hour.<br>
<br>
4. Please send us some photos of the existing
installation. There are<br>
issues such as height of the boiler above ground
that can influence<br>
what options could be for the new "fire box."<br>
<br>
I will add some. Please ask for more if needed.<br>
<br>
5. Are you or others in your area interested in
biochar from the rice<br>
husks? If so, a pyrolyzer (rather than a full
process gasifier)<br>
might be more appropriate.<br>
<br>
Hard to say. The women parboiling the rice are
not same as the ones<br>
cultivating the rice. So they will not use the
biochar as a soil<br>
conditioner. I have no clear idea what could be
done with biochar...<br>
<br>
Thanks again for your attention to my request.
I 'm looking forward<br>
to hear from you again.<br>
<br>
Kind regards,<br>
<br>
Serge<br>
<br>
<br>
</blockquote>
<br>
</blockquote>
</blockquote>
<br>
<br>
_______________________________________________<br>
Stoves mailing list<br>
<br>
to Send a Message to the list, use the email address<br>
<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="mailto:stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org"
target="_blank">stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org</a><br>
<br>
to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List Settings use the web
page<br>
<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/stoves_lists.bioenergylists.org"
target="_blank">http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/stoves_lists.bioenergylists.org</a><br>
<br>
for more Biomass Cooking Stoves, News and Information
see our web site:<br>
<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://stoves.bioenergylists.org/"
target="_blank">http://stoves.bioenergylists.org/</a><br>
<br>
</div>
</div>
</blockquote>
</div>
<br>
</div>
<br>
<fieldset class="mimeAttachmentHeader"></fieldset>
<br>
<pre wrap="">_______________________________________________
Stoves mailing list
to Send a Message to the list, use the email address
<a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org">stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org</a>
to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List Settings use the web page
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/stoves_lists.bioenergylists.org">http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/stoves_lists.bioenergylists.org</a>
for more Biomass Cooking Stoves, News and Information see our web site:
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://stoves.bioenergylists.org/">http://stoves.bioenergylists.org/</a>
</pre>
</blockquote>
<br>
</body>
</html>