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<big><font face="Courier New, Courier, monospace"><small><a
href="http://solarcooking.wikia.com/wiki/Heat-retention_cooking">Dear</a>
Christina,</small><br>
<br>
<span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-US">Referring to
your note: “Here people typically cook beans for long
periods of times on wood. Typically
households in Guatemala that use both wood and LPG tend to
use wood for cooking
beans and tortillas. Most families that have a pressure
cooker here use it
every 2-3 days to cook beans. If you cook beans with wood it
can take typically
3 hours, but some families leave them cooking all night long
so they don't have
to tend the fire. If you cook beans with gas typically 2 and
a half hours. In
the pressure cooker 1 hour 15 minutes </span><span
style="font-size: 10pt;">total."<o:p></o:p></span><br>
<br>
<small><small>May be that "families who leave the beans
cooking all night long so they don´t have to tend the
fire" are using a heat retention cooker (fireless cooker)?
With this thermos-technology the active time on a stove<span
style="mso-ansi-language:EN-US" lang="EN-US"> can be
reduced to about
half an hour, if the beans are soaked overnight before
and, after bringing them
to the boil with enough water (e.g. 5 liter), the
simmering is done in the “fireless
cooker” (e.g. hay basket) up to about 4 hours (without
need of attention, without harm to health, without cost
for fuel, without emissions). On the
website of SCI there is more information: <a
href="http://solarcooking.wikia.com/wiki/Heat-retention_cooking">http://solarcooking.wikia.com/wiki/Heat-retention_cooking.</a></span><span
style="mso-ansi-language:EN-US" lang="EN-US">
I have heard that households immediately adopt this
simple and sturdy
technology when they are informed</span>.<br>
<br>
Kind regards,<br>
Dieter<br>
</small></small></font></big>
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<br>
<br>
Am 02.03.2015 um 20:45 schrieb Christina Espinosa:<br>
</div>
<blockquote
cite="mid:CA+G-rxRQLQDnGAtqXag4T+jLqd_dxKLq2GxyL=xhen1hvJZAAQ@mail.gmail.com"
type="cite">
<pre wrap="">On Mon, Mar 2, 2015 at 11:32 AM, Crispin Pemberton-Pigott <
<a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:crispinpigott@outlook.com">crispinpigott@outlook.com</a>> wrote:
</pre>
<blockquote type="cite">
<pre wrap="">Dear Christina
</pre>
<blockquote type="cite">
<pre wrap="">Its a good first step to testing something for larger scale, but funders
</pre>
</blockquote>
<pre wrap="">will want to see that their investment is having an impact and fuel
stacking will continue to provide problems for us in the cookstoves sector.
The critical things seems to be that program funders what to know that
they are getting what they are paying for. It has been a concern to me that
most lab tests don’t predict what the stove will do, yet they are almost
always used to ‘select stoves’. After that, they are promoted there is
only some field checking. We call that ‘picking winners’. A ‘winner’ is
the lucky product that gets promoted. Often behind that promotion is a
claim that ‘this is the best stove’ based on numbers that are not typical
of what is going to happen in the field. We have to be practical about
this. The idea that there is a ‘best stove’ is alive and well, yet the best
is different in different circumstances. That is why we are doing
‘contextual testing’.
The first thing to do is not to ‘pick winners’. The screening should be
something like, ‘remove from the candidate list everything that is not
worth promoting as far as we are concerned’ which in the case of the CSI is
anything that does not get one star in each category of PM, CO and fuel
consumption. Depending on how picky you are, you might end up with one or
five products. You have to test and see. High altitude stoves burning dry,
woody biomass (bushes) will be quite different from stoves burning damp
wood in the Congo.
But performing that elimination round means having some clue what people
are burning and what they are going to do with the stoves. You can’t pick a
stove ‘in absentia’. If you want low PM, you have to test them using the
fuels and burn cycle people are going to use because the PM production is
strongly affected by the fuel. Some stoves are designed to burn particular
fuels (well, hopefully that are) and they should perform much better than
stoves that aren’t.
What this means is that there must be foreknowledge of the community
before one picks or ranks stoves to perform there.
</pre>
</blockquote>
<pre wrap="">I agree. Another thing that I find very difficult with non-market based
approaches is that the consumer at times doesn't get to choose the stove,
the program does. They don't get to choose the style, color, and options
that regular consumers do.
</pre>
<blockquote type="cite">
<blockquote type="cite">
<pre wrap="">We are getting ready to do SUMs and an adoption study here in Guatemala
</pre>
</blockquote>
<pre wrap="">with LPG, but most of the households are adopting pressure cookers, so it
will be interesting to see if we have lots of fuel stacking with the
pressure cooker.
Do you mean people are going to be using LPG for a pressure cooker and
then wood for something else? I want to be clear if you consider stove
stacking and fuel stacking as separate things, then how do you count that
in your surveying?
</pre>
</blockquote>
<pre wrap="">The study includes CO, PM and SUMs monitoring. The baseline before the
introduction of the LPG stove will include SUMs monitoring of any stove in
the household. At the time of the introduction of the LPG stove both stoves
(or all stoves) will be monitored with the SUMs.
</pre>
<blockquote type="cite">
<pre wrap="">What do people cook in a pressure cooker, and what effect does it have on
fuel consumption?
</pre>
</blockquote>
<pre wrap="">Here people typically cook beans for long periods of times on wood.
Typically households in Guatemala that use both wood and LPG tend to use
wood for cooking beans and tortillas. Most families that have a pressure
cooker here use it every 2-3 days to cook beans. If you cook beans with
wood it can take typically 3 hours, but some families leave them cooking
all night long so they don't have to tend the fire. If you cook beans with
gas typically 2 and a half hours. In the pressure cooker 1 hour 15 minutes
total.
</pre>
<blockquote type="cite">
<pre wrap="">Cecil Cook is very clear there should be a period of re-selection (viewing
the lab tests as ‘pre-selection’ or ‘winnowing’) that involves focus
groups. Focus group composition is very important. Being a random person
does not necessarily make one a good focus group member.
</pre>
</blockquote>
<pre wrap="">This is interesting what do you mean by re-selection? We are not trying the
funding model I was thinking about. Our air pollution and adoption study is
market based, so consumers are picking the stove model that works for their
needs (home, baking, business, etc.). We ran lots of different types of
focus groups before we designed the components of the business model and
educational material.
</pre>
<blockquote type="cite">
<pre wrap="">A difficulty we faced with the CSI Pilot is that people have several
stoves and replacing one of them does not mean they use the new one only.
We have to accept (and hope) that eventually all will be replaced with
improved products. How are you going to deal with that? Do people have
multiple stoves, burners, rice cookers etc that they use every week?
</pre>
</blockquote>
<pre wrap="">Some people are ready to abandon wood completely and other families will
continue to use both fuels for different things, it depends on the type of
current stove. We are working now in urban and peri-urban areas. We
obviously hope for full adoption, but thats unrealistic in many cases.
Currently we are trying to study when families do switch, do they continue
to use wood (yes, for certain things), what do they use that wood to cook
(usually beans and tortillas), and if they purchased a stove package that
included a pressure cooker and a plancha for torillas did they fuel stack
less or stop using the wood stove completely. The idea is that we are
trying to learn about behavior of consumers that switch from wood to LPG.
There is an educational component as well, but again we are trying to
assess everything.
</pre>
<blockquote type="cite">
<pre wrap="">Thanks
Crispin
</pre>
</blockquote>
<pre wrap="">Best,
Christina
</pre>
<blockquote type="cite">
<pre wrap="">
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