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<DIV>Funny I always sort of thought is was gasification. I guess that came from
reading Mother Earth News by candle light half a century ago.</DIV>
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<DIV style="font-color: black"><B>From:</B> <A title=deankstill@gmail.com
href="mailto:deankstill@gmail.com">Dean Still</A> </DIV>
<DIV><B>Sent:</B> Sunday, May 17, 2015 1:10 PM</DIV>
<DIV><B>To:</B> <A title=stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org
href="mailto:stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org">Discussion of biomass cooking
stoves</A> </DIV>
<DIV><B>Subject:</B> Re: [Stoves] Pyrolysis: No Air?</DIV></DIV></DIV>
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<DIV dir=ltr>Hi All,
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>Seems to me that the word gasification might fit the TLUD process better?
The primary air controls the amount of oxygen, the rate of reaction?
<DIV>There is no pyrolysis in a Rocket or an open fire?<BR>
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<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV><B style="FONT-SIZE: 16px; LINE-HEIGHT: 19px">Gasification</B><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 16px; LINE-HEIGHT: 19px"> is a process that converts organic
or fossil fuel based carbonaceous materials into carbon monoxide, hydrogen and
carbon dioxide. This is achieved by reacting the material at high temperatures
(>700 °C), without combustion, with a controlled amount of oxygen and/or
steam.</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><B style="FONT-SIZE: 16px; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.24"><BR></B></DIV>
<DIV><B style="FONT-SIZE: 16px; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.24">Pyrolysis</B><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 16px; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.24"> </SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 16px; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.24">is a thermochemical decomposition of
organic material at elevated temperatures in the absence of oxygen (or any
halogen). It involves the simultaneous change of chemical composition and
physical phase, and is irreversible. The word is coined from the Greek-derived
elements pyro "fire" and lysis "separating".</SPAN></DIV></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 16px; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.24"><BR></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 16px; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.24">Best,</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 16px; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.24"><BR></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 16px; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.24">Dean</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_extra>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote>On Sat, May 16, 2015 at 4:58 PM, Crispin Pemberton-Pigott
<SPAN dir=ltr><<A href="mailto:crispinpigott@outlook.com"
target=_blank>crispinpigott@outlook.com</A>></SPAN> wrote:<BR>
<BLOCKQUOTE class=gmail_quote
style="PADDING-LEFT: 1ex; MARGIN: 0px 0px 0px 0.8ex; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(204,204,204) 1px solid">
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<DIV
style="FONT-FAMILY: calibri,'Slate Pro',sans-serif; WIDTH: 100%; COLOR: rgb(31,73,125); BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255)">Dear
Alex, Dean</DIV>
<DIV
style="FONT-FAMILY: calibri,'Slate Pro',sans-serif; WIDTH: 100%; COLOR: rgb(31,73,125); BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255)"><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: calibri,'Slate Pro',sans-serif"><BR></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV
style="FONT-FAMILY: calibri,'Slate Pro',sans-serif; WIDTH: 100%; COLOR: rgb(31,73,125); BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255)"><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: calibri,'Slate Pro',sans-serif">That Reed reference is a
good one. As biomass is about 40% oxygen by mass, there is a real chance one
can have some combustion without any air at all. There is almost enough oxygen
to burn all the hydrogen in most biomass. That is a heat source that could
leave all the carbon behind, in theory. In practise there will always be CO
and H2 in the output from a retort. </SPAN></DIV>
<DIV
style="FONT-FAMILY: calibri,'Slate Pro',sans-serif; WIDTH: 100%; COLOR: rgb(31,73,125); BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255)"><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: calibri,'Slate Pro',sans-serif"><BR></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV
style="FONT-FAMILY: calibri,'Slate Pro',sans-serif; WIDTH: 100%; COLOR: rgb(31,73,125); BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255)"><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: calibri,'Slate Pro',sans-serif">Regards </SPAN></DIV>
<DIV
style="FONT-FAMILY: calibri,'Slate Pro',sans-serif; WIDTH: 100%; COLOR: rgb(31,73,125); BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255)"><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: calibri,'Slate Pro',sans-serif">Crispin </SPAN></DIV>
<DIV
style="FONT-FAMILY: calibri,'Slate Pro',sans-serif; WIDTH: 100%; COLOR: rgb(31,73,125); BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255)"><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: calibri,'Slate Pro',sans-serif"><BR></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr>Dean,
<DIV>There being oxygen in the chemical structure of biomass and oxygen in the
spaces and cracks, a strict abstinence is difficult. In one of the Reed/Das
handbooks there is a graph of the pyrolysis-gasification-combustion continuum,
where the x axis goes from say zero to %200 of stoichiometric oxygen/air. I
think ( always roughly) gasification fit in the %20-%80 range with pyrolysis
below and combustion above. The char and gas yield % was in there too. I'm
sure folks could argue endlessly about where exactly to place the
demarcations.</DIV>
<DIV>Alex</DIV></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>On Sat, May 16, 2015 at 6:50 PM, Dean Still <SPAN dir=ltr><<A
href="mailto:deankstill@gmail.com"
target=_blank>deankstill@gmail.com</A>></SPAN> wrote:<BR>
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<DIV style="OVERFLOW: hidden; PADDING-BOTTOM: 20px">Hi All,</DIV></LI></OL>
<DIV><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 16px">When I look up the word pyrolysis I
find the following:</SPAN></DIV>
<OL
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<LI
style="LIST-STYLE-TYPE: none; BORDER-TOP: 0px; BORDER-RIGHT: 0px; BORDER-BOTTOM: 0px; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 20px; PADDING-LEFT: 20px; CLEAR: none; MARGIN: 0px; BORDER-LEFT: 0px; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.24; PADDING-RIGHT: 20px">
<DIV style="OVERFLOW: hidden; PADDING-BOTTOM: 20px"><B
style="FONT-SIZE: 16px; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.24">Pyrolysis</B><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 16px; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.24"> </SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 16px; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.24">is a thermochemical
decomposition of organic material at elevated temperatures in the absence
of oxygen (or any halogen). It involves the simultaneous change of
chemical composition and physical phase, and is irreversible. The word is
coined from the Greek-derived elements pyro "fire" and lysis
"separating".</SPAN></DIV>
<LI
style="LIST-STYLE-TYPE: none; BORDER-TOP: 0px; BORDER-RIGHT: 0px; BORDER-BOTTOM: 0px; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 20px; PADDING-LEFT: 20px; CLEAR: none; MARGIN: 0px; BORDER-LEFT: 0px; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.24; PADDING-RIGHT: 20px">
<DIV style="OVERFLOW: hidden; PADDING-BOTTOM: 20px"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 16px; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.24">However, I think that folks use
it to describe what happens in a TLUD, etc? Isn't that gasification not
pyrolysis because of the presence of some air?</SPAN></DIV></LI></OL>
<DIV><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 16px; LINE-HEIGHT: 19px">Best,</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 16px; LINE-HEIGHT: 19px"><BR></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 16px; LINE-HEIGHT: 19px">Dean</SPAN></DIV></DIV><BR>_______________________________________________<BR>Stoves
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