<p dir="ltr">Torrified wood has most of it's volatiles. I would expect the gases to have a higher CV and wider range of flame stability when used in a premix burner. Just guessing this has no relevance to cooking stoves.<br>
Dean, what is the range, cat pee best to worst PM emissions, that you have measured from any and all tluds when burning dry wood pellets?<br>
Alex</p>
<div class="gmail_quote">On 2015-05-24 1:53 PM, "Dean Still" <<a href="mailto:deankstill@gmail.com">deankstill@gmail.com</a>> wrote:<br type="attribution"><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div dir="ltr">Dear Ronald,<div><br></div><div>Thanks for your helpful comments. Charcoal without remaining wood in it doesn't make smoke but, of course, wood really likes to smoke. With biomass the preparation including recipe, drying, pellet size, etc. makes a big difference in emissions when trying to get down to the very low levels needed to protect health. I'm making some torrified pellets and will report back after testing under the hood.</div><div><br></div><div>All Best,</div><div><br></div><div>Dean<br><div class="gmail_extra"><br><div class="gmail_quote">On Sat, May 23, 2015 at 3:52 PM, Ronald Hongsermeier <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:rwhongser@web.de" target="_blank">rwhongser@web.de</a>></span> wrote:<br><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
<div bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000">
Dear Dean,<br>
I may seem like I'm harping here, but now that you've said a bit
more, you've mentioned a couple of factors that I have noticed in my
limited experience without a hood and therefore without concrete
parametric analysis, but for which I can give some postulates.<br>
<br>
1. The wood-gas stove in design mode depends on a uniform fuel
"chunk-size" which promotes a level "pyrolysis" front(planar)
migrating towards the bottom of the stove. If that plane is broken
by dis-uniformity in the fuel or overly large gaps between the fuel
pieces, you will get a spot drop in temperature along with glowing
fuel which will migrate unevenly towards the bottom of the stove,
breaking the pyrolysis front and sometimes dropping the mean temp
inside the burning chamber such that the rising wood gas will no
longer be close enough to critical temp that the onset of 2nd-ary
air will ignite it.<br>
<br>
2. 1. would be consistent with the bark observation. Bark generally
has lots more minerals and less energy per unit mass. Did you/they
assure dryness level of the bark? Were the pieces between
(cross-section/10-20) of the stoves throat? Do you mean pellets from
eucalyptus wood or when eucalyptus oil is poured on the fuel? Off
the shelf kerosin burners here in germany are strictly regulated as
to what you may or may not burn in them. If it is smoking it is
either wrong fuel, design flaw or user error.<br>
<br>
3. Pellets pack closely, so if they are smoking, usually the problem
can be fixed by either turning up the fan a bit or putting some
chimney length between the secondary air and the pan to increase the
draw. (i.e., the primary air is probably not of sufficient pressure
to deliver enough O2 to the pyrolysis front to keep it hot enough
such that it will ignite upon contact with the secondary air.)<br>
<br>
4. Because torrefied pellets are partially reacted, they may be
somewhat less dense and especially because the ends will be cleaner,
they may not resist airflow as much, which may help somewhat with 3.
above. I would expect them to act very similar to dry pellets,
except for the difference in density.<br>
<br>
regards,<br>
Ronald von Aftermidnighttimeforantibiotics (and bed)<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<div>On 23.05.2015 23:49, Dean Still wrote:<br>
</div>
<blockquote type="cite">
<div dir="ltr">Dear Ron,
<div><br>
</div>
<div>We had three women interns here at the research center for
a summer who found cleaner burning recipes for the TLUDs
gathered from the surrounding forest. Some things like bark
make smoke, etc.</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>Many pellets smoke when using eucalyptus, etc. Different
mixtures of kerosene make more or less smoke in off the shelf
stoves.</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>I'm wondering if torrified pellets will burn cleaner than
normal pellets.</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>Best,</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>Dean</div>
</div>
<div class="gmail_extra"><br>
<div class="gmail_quote">On Sat, May 23, 2015 at 1:28 PM, Ronald
Hongsermeier <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:rwhongser@web.de" target="_blank">rwhongser@web.de</a>></span>
wrote:<br>
<blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
<div bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000"> Hi Dean,<br>
I remember that there was a proposed university program
(W. Virginia or the Carolinas??) In view of the deaths(not
_many_ but tragic) that have taken place due to
off-loading of pellets at some European ports (CO in the
hold) The torrefaction could lead to a more inert fuel.
That's hopeful speculation on my part however. You would
be transporting some less bound water and the energy
density is better than regular pellets in addition to the
lack of liquid or vapor H2O absorption issue mentioned
before-- these would lend efficiencies in the logistics
end of things and an even more uniform fuel than regular
pellets, which tend to absorb quite a bit of water here
in the damp winter weather...<br>
I have to admit that I'm a bit puzzled as to what you mean
by cleaner fuel recipes. What specific pollutant are you
interested in or are you talking about particulate?<br>
If you aren't choking the burn by putting the pot too
close, you should be getting a very clean burn with a
TLUD?!?<br>
<br>
regards,<br>
Ron<br>
<br>
<div>On 23.05.2015 22:01, Dean Still wrote:<br>
</div>
<blockquote type="cite">
<div dir="ltr">Hi Ronald,
<div><br>
</div>
<div>I'll keep looking. I think that we shouldn't
forget cleaner fuel recipes as part of the solution.
<div><br>
</div>
<div>Best,</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>Dean</div>
<div class="gmail_extra"><br>
<div class="gmail_quote">On Sat, May 23, 2015 at
12:33 PM, Ronald Hongsermeier <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:rwhongser@web.de" target="_blank">rwhongser@web.de</a>></span>
wrote:<br>
<blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
<div bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000"> Hi
Dean,<br>
I did some searching around on the internet
several years ago on this topic.<br>
I'd like to try torrefied stuff as well, but
I struck out at that time.<br>
No idea where to find them.<br>
The main advantage that I picked up on at
that time was that they should be relatively
inert as to picking up extra water after
they were pelletized.<br>
Cleaner burning than what?<br>
clean burning is a control issue, not a fuel
issue as far as I understand. If I
understand the concept correctly, it's like
using part of the large molecules initially
broken out (cracked) by the heat in the
reaction vessel to coat the surfaces of the
remaining unpyrolized material. This should
burn quite okay in a TLUD.<br>
<br>
regards,<br>
Ronald von Nasennebenhöhlenhölle (but I'm
coming back)<br>
<br>
<br>
<div>On 23.05.2015 20:56, Dean Still wrote:<br>
</div>
<blockquote type="cite">
<div dir="ltr">Hi All,
<div><br>
</div>
<div>I'd like to try torrified pellets
in a TLUD under the emissions hood.</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>Any ideas on where to find them?</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>Or if it should be cleaner burning?</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>Best,</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>Dean</div>
</div>
<br>
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