<html>
<head>
<meta content="text/html; charset=windows-1252"
http-equiv="Content-Type">
</head>
<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000">
Julien,<br>
<br>
Well said. Certainly not everyone will agree with you (us), but
well said.<br>
<br>
Paul<br>
<pre class="moz-signature" cols="72">Doc / Dr TLUD / Prof. Paul S. Anderson, PhD
Email: <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:psanders@ilstu.edu">psanders@ilstu.edu</a>
Skype: paultlud Phone: +1-309-452-7072
Website: <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="http://www.drtlud.com">www.drtlud.com</a></pre>
<div class="moz-cite-prefix">On 9/21/2015 9:56 PM, Julien Winter
wrote:<br>
</div>
<blockquote
cite="mid:CALv4xTxWDgP8kVs6j4Brva_HH0MdaDFXKHD2rkwpJvPMnfyv-A@mail.gmail.com"
type="cite">
<div dir="ltr">
<div>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<div>Hi All;<br>
<br>
</div>
I have to agree with Paul Anderson on having a clear
definition of a TLUD. It is essential for the science
of cookstoves, and combustion science, that terminology
is clear and unambiguous.<br>
<br>
</div>
<div>It is very clear to me what Paul means by the TLUD
process. There is a migrating pyrolytic front, and two
phases of combustion can be identified: (1) flaming
pyrolysis, followed by (2) bottom-up char combustion.<br>
<br>
</div>
<div>It is a process that has under fed air at a rate slow
enough that the ignition front is a flaming pyrolysis
front, and not so fast that it is a complete combustion
front. It is a process that is burning a type of fuel
that supports a migrating ignition front (and doesn't
channel the fire to the grate).<br>
<br>
</div>
<div>In science, the TLUD, as Paul describes it, is called
a "paradigmatic example". It is a special theoretical
model against which other cases can be compared and
contrasted. These exemplars are vital to scientific
discourse, hypothesis testing, and developing theories.<br>
</div>
<div><br>
</div>
When I search through the Web of Science, I will not find
much on the keyword "TLUD" (yet), but I can find articles
with close synonyms "pot stove" or "underfed batch
combustion". I haven't done a count, but I have about
50-75 articles where laboratories have experimented with
what are ostensibly forced draft TLUDs. I can trace the
articles back to 1946. I found these articles because the
definitions of terms (although there are synonyms) are
clear. If that clarity didn't exist, the scientific
literature would be impenetrable. "TLUD" is not common in
the academic literature yet, but it is a good synonym that
is clearly understood in the general stove community.
When papers are published on TLUD stoves, they should
include the close synonyms (above) in the list of key
words below the abstract, so the article can be found.<br>
<br>
</div>
As for the stove world in general, there are "TLUD-like"
stove/fuel combinations that may not fit the ideal
description of a TLUD, but their mechanism can be usefully
compared and contrasted with the paradigmatic TLUD.<br>
<br>
</div>
Trying to classify cookstoves in general is a bit of a
challenge. One may come up with other paradigmatic
exemplars. In general, however, people are faced with the
fact that, most of the time, things in the world and human
words don't match up unambiguously. The world around us,
language, and minds are such variable crazy things, that it is
surprising that we can actually speak to one another. <br>
<br>
In the first half of 20th century, analytic philosophers tried
to come up with language based on definitions with "necessary
and sufficient conditions". They failed.<br>
<br>
</div>
What are the necessary and sufficient conditions of being a
"sport" such that it includes skiing, baseball, underwater
hockey, hula hoops and tiddlywinks.<br>
<div><br>
<span>What are chairs? If the definition of a "chair" is
"that which supports human buttocks", then if I am sitting
on an elephant, it must be a chair. Are all elephants
chairs by virtue of my having sat on one? </span><span><span><br>
</span></span>
<div><br>
</div>
<span></span></div>
<div><span>Except for a few very useful exemplars like TLUD,
trying to put all stoves into categories faces the same
general problem of trying to match up words (concepts) with
groups of things.<br>
<br>
</span>In 1953, <span>Ludwig Wittgenstein published his
"Philosophical Investigations". In it he argued that most
categories denote things grouped because they have "family
resemblances" rather than definable essences (see the
attached cartoon). Somehow, we seem to more-or-less agree
on what is a chair, or a sport, even if our language if
vague. We still manage to communicate. (Amazingly, because
no two human minds have ever contain exactly the same
"chair" thoughts.)<br>
<br>
</span></div>
<div><span>In the face of this fog, science needs TLUDs. <br>
<br>
Soon, I hope, I am going to write a paper on my experiments
on gasification rate and TLUD reaction temperature. My
experiments were conducted to make sure that I got TLUD
conditions. My paper is not about a TLUD-like stove; is
about a TLUD!!! My job as a scientist is conduct
experiments that will contribute to building detailed TLUD
theories. That way, we can make predictions.<br>
<br>
</span></div>
<div><span><br>
</span></div>
<div><span><br>
</span></div>
<div><span>Cheers,<br>
</span></div>
<div><span>Julien<br>
</span></div>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<div><br>
-- <br>
<div class="gmail_signature">
<div dir="ltr">
<div>
<div dir="ltr">
<div>
<div dir="ltr">Julien Winter<br>
Cobourg, ON, CANADA<br>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<br>
<fieldset class="mimeAttachmentHeader"></fieldset>
<br>
<pre wrap="">_______________________________________________
Stoves mailing list
to Send a Message to the list, use the email address
<a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org">stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org</a>
to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List Settings use the web page
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/stoves_lists.bioenergylists.org">http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/stoves_lists.bioenergylists.org</a>
for more Biomass Cooking Stoves, News and Information see our web site:
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://stoves.bioenergylists.org/">http://stoves.bioenergylists.org/</a>
</pre>
</blockquote>
<br>
</body>
</html>