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Dear Todd</div>
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Are you able to access an article in last week's Nature that talks about PM2.5 exposure and health?</div>
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It is quite relevant to this conversation. </div>
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I add separately that in the wood burning world cooks are well aware of which species burn well and which create problems. There is a species of wood in Swaziland that has a net negative energy content as harvested (and found in a woodpile). The same should
apply to coal, peak, lignite and so on. Some stoves really suck at burning bituminous and semi-bituminous coal. Others are specifically designed for it. </div>
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Cecil says people are an important factor in emissions from a stove because they know (or don't) how to use the fuels and co-fire etc. </div>
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Regards </div>
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Crispin </div>
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<div dir="ltr">Thanks Crispin,
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<div>Agreed!</div>
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<div class="x_gmail_quote">On Thu, Sep 24, 2015 at 12:05 PM, Crispin Pemberton-Pigott
<span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:crispinpigott@outlook.com" target="_blank">crispinpigott@outlook.com</a>></span> wrote:<br>
<blockquote class="x_gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex; border-left:1px #ccc solid; padding-left:1ex">
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Dear Todd</div>
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You raise an interesting point and it should not be missed. </div>
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Wood and coal both contain mercury, sulphur, lead, uranium and other heavy metals, and the fire emissions contain fly ash, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, numerous chemical species, and particles of incomplete combustion including condensed volatiles. </div>
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It would not be fair to ignore the emissions from any fire. Also it is unfair to require testing on coal fires and not wood fires. The inherent emissions are different for different fuels. Categories of fuel include: </div>
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Wood</div>
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Other biomass</div>
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Peat lignite</div>
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Coal</div>
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Semi-coked fuels</div>
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Coke</div>
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Charcoal</div>
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Densified biomass</div>
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Torrefied wood</div>
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The toxic contents occur in different concentrations and combinations. It is reasonable to assess fuels individually. There are toxic woods and toxic coals. There are toxic emissions. Toxicity is strongly dependent on concentration. </div>
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When you consider what and how well something needs to be burned one rule should apply to all. No pet fuels. </div>
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Regards </div>
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Crispin </div>
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<div dir="ltr">Stovers:
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<div>I'm confused. Coal & Biomass stove disconnect? No one is discussing the dissimilarities.</div>
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<div>Is this a logical? The discussion of coal combustion must address Mercury, fly ash and other heavy metal pollution, not just run of the mill biomass combustion pollution. Water and air pollution contamination are other major health concerns. Mining
and transporting coal has wide documented health impacts.</div>
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<div>Don't we have to ask although coal maybe combusted cleanly with very well designed stove compared to an inefficient coal stoves, advanced scrubber technologies are not affordable or practical for household stoves.</div>
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<div>Do any of the biomass stove testing entities have or can afford coal emission testing technologies? Currently I am not aware of any biomass testing organization that has the sophistication or equipment for heavy metal emission testing, or am I incorrect?</div>
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<div>Regards,</div>
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<div>Todd Albi, SilverFire, </div>
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<div>On Wed, Sep 23, 2015 at 7:41 PM, Frank Shields <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:franke@cruzio.com" target="_blank">franke@cruzio.com</a>></span> wrote:<br>
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Dear Stovers,<br>
<br>
Coal and biomass stoves:<br>
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Similarities:<br>
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1) They both have the same goal of producing a clean secondary flame used to boil water.<br>
2) They both have achieved this goal (Crispin and Dean - and others)<br>
3) They both have the three types of energy: a) pyrolysis gases b) solid-C > CO and c) CO > CO2<br>
4) During optimization the three energy types are adjusted via primary air to produce the best ratio.<br>
<br>
Because they are so much the same and manipulated the same to optimize conditions for the secondary I believe the coal stoves should be included in our discussions. They start with different ratios of the three energy types and it would be very interesting
(to me) to know what the ratio is just before entering the secondary flame when burning clean. I wonder if they are the same or if we can learn ranges and limits to the ratios we need to achieve. As we get better testing techniques to study what goes on in
combustion chambers it would aid us to include the info from coal stoves.<br>
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Real problem is Stove Labs need more money! That to purchase testing equipment for their research, added personal and they should be testing more stoves.<br>
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as I see it…<br>
<br>
Regards<br>
<br>
Frank<br>
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<a href="mailto:franke@cruzio.com" target="_blank">franke@cruzio.com</a><br>
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