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Thanks Frank</div>
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Do you think the volatiles will be as high as 25%? I find that surprisingly high. What would the carbon content be?</div>
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Thanks</div>
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Crispin </div>
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<div class="" style="word-wrap:break-word">Dear Crispin and Stovers,
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<div class="">Thanks for the example. This is the way I look at it:</div>
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<div class="">Doing a TGA on a sample of fuel it might come out something like this Ponderosa Pine taken from REED book located on Paul Andersons webb site. </div>
<div class="">fixed Matter 17.17%</div>
<div class="">Volatile Matter 82.54%</div>
<div class="">Ash 0.28%</div>
<div class="">Carbon 49.25%</div>
<div class="">Hydrogen 5.99%</div>
<div class="">Oxygen 44.36 %</div>
<div class="">Nitrogen 0.06%</div>
<div class="">Sulfur 0.03%</div>
<div class="">HHV 2002 Kj.g</div>
<div class="">HIV 19.66 Kj/g calculated</div>
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<div class="">You started with 760 grams and ended with 193 grams after all flames stopped.</div>
<div class="">Based on the REED TGA you should have started with 760 and ended with 131 grams char left</div>
<div class="">Therefore you have 62.5 grams volatiles left in the remaining material along with all the char.</div>
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<div class="">Using the TGA (and formula they use) you started with </div>
<div class="">15200 kj energy</div>
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<div class="">Using info from the REED document Biochar has 32 kj/g energy and Fixed Matter (biochar) of this sample = 17.17% of biomass</div>
<div class="">You start with:</div>
<div class="">11008 kj volatiles energy</div>
<div class="">4192 kj biochar energy</div>
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<div class="">You are left with:</div>
<div class="">4192 kj biochar energy</div>
<div class="">1240 kj volatile energy</div>
<div class="">Totals 5432 kj energy</div>
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<div class="">You used:</div>
<div class="">15200 - 5432 = 9768 kj energy to cook your food.</div>
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<div class="">This method can be used on Rocket Stoves and all others eliminating all the mess-and-fuss of dragging out burning mass of fuel and sorting to get energy values of what is left.</div>
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<div class="">If we do it this way we have our ‘energy used’ values pertaining to the exact fuel we use. We just need to get a TGA and associated chemical values OR a TGA and calorimeter values. </div>
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<div class="">adding in ash complicates the calculations so I left those out. </div>
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<div class="">Thanks</div>
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<div class="">frank</div>
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<div class="">On Nov 15, 2015, at 4:29 PM, Crispin Pemberton-Pigott <<a href="mailto:crispinpigott@outlook.com" class="">crispinpigott@outlook.com</a>> wrote:</div>
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<span class="" style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Calibri,sans-serif; color:rgb(31,73,125)">Dear Friends of Clean Burning</span></div>
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<span class="" style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Calibri,sans-serif; color:rgb(31,73,125)"> </span></div>
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<span class="" style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Calibri,sans-serif; color:rgb(31,73,125)">I managed to test the small TLUD stove I obtained from Yogyakarta today for nearly three hours. It held 780 g of pellets and ignition material. They are wood pellets
I got from Alex at the Stove Testing Camp so I presume they are pine – not sure. Alex…?</span></div>
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<span class="" style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Calibri,sans-serif; color:rgb(31,73,125)"> </span></div>
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<span class="" style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Calibri,sans-serif; color:rgb(31,73,125)">Here is the mass burn rate and power:</span></div>
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<span class="" style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Calibri,sans-serif; color:rgb(31,73,125)"> </span></div>
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<span id="x_cid:image001.jpg@01D11FDB.FAC071F0"><image001.jpg></span><span class="" style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Calibri,sans-serif; color:rgb(31,73,125)"></span></div>
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<span class="" style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Calibri,sans-serif; color:rgb(31,73,125)"></span></div>
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<span class="" style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Calibri,sans-serif; color:rgb(31,73,125)">The stove either had not been assembled correctly, or because of vibration travelling 50,000 km by air, the central metal tube had rotated with respect to the air controller.
There was no primary air getting into the fuel at all except via internal leakage. When the stove was demonstrated at the GIZ office in Accra last Saturday, it was in fact on “Low”. This misalignment was not visible from outside the stove, even looking under
the bottom of the fuel canister. Only when taking it to pieces could it be seen that the alignment required correction.</span></div>
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<span class="" style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Calibri,sans-serif; color:rgb(31,73,125)"> </span></div>
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<span class="" style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Calibri,sans-serif; color:rgb(31,73,125)">On the chart above can be seen the mass loss line in black. The High zones have a different slope compared with the Low zone in the middle. The power curve (which is
smoothed) shows there is only a small difference in power.</span></div>
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<span class="" style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Calibri,sans-serif; color:rgb(31,73,125)"> </span></div>
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<span class="" style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Calibri,sans-serif; color:rgb(31,73,125)">The fire started at High, turned it down to Low, then back up again after an hour. The total burn time was about 155 minutes. When it flamed out I left it for a while
then dumped out the charcoal which looked like shrunken pellets. There was very little smoke from the char which when spread out, quickly extinguished. The char yield was 28% of the dry fuel mass.</span></div>
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<span class="" style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Calibri,sans-serif; color:rgb(31,73,125)"> </span></div>
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<span class="" style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Calibri,sans-serif; color:rgb(31,73,125)">Here is a picture of the data stream:</span></div>
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<span id="x_cid:image006.jpg@01D11FDB.FAC071F0"><image006.jpg></span><span class="" style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Calibri,sans-serif; color:rgb(31,73,125)"></span></div>
<div class="" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size:12pt; font-family:'Times New Roman',serif">
<span class="" style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Calibri,sans-serif; color:rgb(31,73,125)">It was a bit windy so the scale was shaking around but the fuel burned line (red) marches steadily up. Ignore the blue line. The green line is the 10 second burn rate
detected by the scale, from -3 to +3 g.</span></div>
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<span class="" style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Calibri,sans-serif; color:rgb(31,73,125)">Here is the stove:</span></div>
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<span id="x_cid:image007.png@01D11FDB.FAC071F0"><image007.png></span><span class="" style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Calibri,sans-serif; color:rgb(31,73,125)"></span></div>
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<span class="" style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Calibri,sans-serif; color:rgb(31,73,125)">The plate with holes in it is a substitute for a pot, retaining the flame inside the chamber in spite of the wind. It has no effect on the mass burn rate. The lever
under the handle controls the air supply which splits into primary and secondary after the regulator. Paul Anderson reports the inside air paths are unconventional. It contains several ceramic components.</span></div>
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<span class="" style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Calibri,sans-serif; color:rgb(31,73,125)"> </span></div>
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<span class="" style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Calibri,sans-serif; color:rgb(31,73,125)">Regards</span></div>
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<span class="" style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Calibri,sans-serif; color:rgb(31,73,125)">Crispin</span></div>
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