<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html charset=windows-1252"></head><body style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space;" class="">Dear Ron,<div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">This is my thinking for today: : )</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">For your ‘char making stove’ the 'percentage of importance’ for making char is 100%. The gases going off goes into the air, flamed or used for some little task. </div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">For a lab test to list stoves in order of best at making char to worst needs to have Box 1 (fuel) controlled. The fuel the lab picks needs to resemble the same fuel that will be used in the field. So like cooking stoves we pick the fuel to use in two parts:</div><div class="">1) closely resemble the fuel based on type, size, shape, description etc. etc. </div><div class="">2) for char making we separate the fuel into two (of the three) components: volatile weight (dry basis), total fixed weight (DAF). Using a TGA.</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">So depending on the results of a TGA from the sample on site we adjust the fuel needed to make, say, one Kg of char. it may end up being one lab needs to use more of their fuel selected or less fuel to normalize its values to the ‘on-site’ fuel. </div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">If it takes 4 kg of fuel to make one kg char from the material on site based on a TGA and it takes 5 kg of fuel at the lab to make the one kg char (TGA) then the results from the lab is for every 5 kg of my fuel = one kg fuel on site. Of course I hope they select fuel more like the fuel on site so to have very little adjustment. </div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">Note: The char produced is determined by total weight (including ash). But the ‘working’ part of the char for benefiting soil or cooking, is the carbon part. That is why I added the DAF to be measured. BUT my thinking may be in error for the purpose of comparing char making stoves. </div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">Note: A big problem is the char produced varies in quality and the above tests assumes all the char produced is of the same excellent quality as produced in the TGA. From my testing of biochar samples this is hardly the case. So there will likely require additional testing of the char. Im thinking a run through the TGA to see how many volatiles are left. If there is above a percentage we can say this stove does ‘not produce char’ and leave it as that - even though it looks black and like char. And char to be added to soil will be different than that wanted to do additional cooking (some volatiles). So there may be a ‘end use’ rating for the char produced. </div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">For char making stoves we do not need energy values because we are not requiring energy to cook something. The char left over (good quality) and reporting DAF values will be mostly carbon and, as later I mention, we should be able to report accurate energy value of the char. </div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">BUT if the process of making char has another ‘percentage of importance’ that requires energy for cooking then we need to normalize based on energy for that task. </div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">The task are: produce 5 kg char OR cook a 7 liter pot of rice. One or the other. When one is completed do you keep the stove going to finish the other OR turn it off and leave the other unfinished. Pick one. </div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">Regards</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">Frank</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><br class=""><div><blockquote type="cite" class=""><div class="">On Nov 24, 2015, at 5:38 AM, Ronal W. Larson <<a href="mailto:rongretlarson@comcast.net" class="">rongretlarson@comcast.net</a>> wrote:</div><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"><div class=""><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html charset=windows-1252" class=""><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div class="">Frank et al</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Those of us working on char-making stoves (a category bigger than TLUDs ) don’t have the “<i class="">don’t know what to do with” problem. </i> Even better is that they seem cleaner and are apt to save time and money (maybe make money). The issue is reporting - if you feel such a stove (stove not char-maker) has merit. What is your answer to my two questions?</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">Ron</div><br class=""><div class=""><blockquote type="cite" class=""><div class="">On Nov 23, 2015, at 12:36 AM, Frank Shields <<a href="mailto:franke@cruzio.com" class="">franke@cruzio.com</a>> wrote:</div><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"><div class=""><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html charset=windows-1252" class=""><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space;" class="">Dear Ron,<div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">If your task is to make char your calculations is dry weight of fuel IN and weight of char (DAF) OUT. Boiling water is just something to do so you can have a cup of tea while you wait. </div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">If your task is boiling water and you are left with char you have a byproduct to add to your garden. </div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">If you want both I suggest you place an importance on each (percentage of importance) for the span of a year or season. Then with each run you keep track of the char produced and water boiled and try to achieve your percentage ratio. At the end of the year you may need to just boil off some water to get more char or have left over char you don’t know what to do with. </div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">Regards</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">Frank</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">Frank Shields</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><br class=""><div class=""><blockquote type="cite" class=""><div class="">On Nov 22, 2015, at 9:36 PM, Ronal W. Larson <<a href="mailto:rongretlarson@comcast.net" class="">rongretlarson@comcast.net</a>> wrote:</div><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"><div class=""><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html charset=windows-1252" class=""><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div class="">Lloyd et al: Adding “stoves - as that is where we have had a similar dialog in the past</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>I promised an example. Use energy of wood and charcoal as measured to be 18 and 30 MJ/kg - both possible.)</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Assume 1 kg of wood into the stove - or 18 MJ. </div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Assume water boiling away calculates to 6 MJ; Effic1 = 6/18 = 33% (Some say stop here; this is a typical number for many stoves including TLUDs)</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Assume (to get easy numbers) 26.7% (a little high but a possible number) by weight char production - gives .267* 30 = 8 MJ in the char. Effic2 = 8/18 = .444 = 44%, </div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span> Using the pyrolysis gases in the denominator - Effic 3 = 6/(18-8) = 6/10 = 60% (This use of the char energy in the denominator is the most common way of handling char- added (60-33 =) 27% to the reported value of the stove - )</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>But I think it more proper to add the first two efficiencies: Effic4 = Effic1+ Effic 2 = .333+.444 = .777 (17.7% bigger than the 60% value - and I think also an honest way to look at what is going on. Last I saw, EPA did not add these together, but they did report Effic 1 and Effic 2. Sales people for biochar and TLUDs are apt to add them of course. We obviously want both numbers to be as high as possible.</div><div class=""><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span></div><div class=""><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>The losses are 18-6-8 = 4 MJ or 4/18= 22.2% (mostly hot gases). This is what we should be concentrating on - not 100-60 = 40%. In inefficiency terms, I claim the losses we want to reduce are nowhere near 40% - if you want both char and water boiled away. 40% is the portion of energy in the pyrolysis gases that we failed to capture. </div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>If we burnt the wood (no resultant char) rather than pyrolyze it, we might expect to have a 60% efficient stove - but no-one measures any wood stove that high. Why not? I don’t have a good answer, but suspect it might relate to how hydrogen fits in. That is - with little hydrogen in the char, the hot gases are more hydrogen rich with a pyrolysis stove. Better heat transfer with more hydrogen? A hotter flame? Or is the effect due to oxygen - which also is a lower percentage in char than in wood? Or both?</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Comments appreciated when we are striving to make char in a stove:</div><div class=""><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span> Q1: are the losses 22%, 40%, or 67%?</div><div class=""><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span> Q2: Is the efficiency 78%, 60%, or 33%?</div><div class=""><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span></div><div class="">Ron</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><br class=""><div class=""><div class="">On Nov 22, 2015, at 5:40 PM, Lloyd Helferty <<a href="mailto:lhelferty@sympatico.ca" class="">lhelferty@sympatico.ca</a>> wrote:</div><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"><blockquote type="cite" class="">
<meta content="text/html; charset=windows-1252" http-equiv="Content-Type" class="">
<div bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000" class="">
Thanks, Ron.<br class="">
<br class="">
I know nothing about the Jetter/EPA total efficiency
calculation(s) that "use the char’s energy value".<br class="">
Could you elaborate?<br class="">
Is the Jetter/EPA total efficiency calculation your preferred
methodology as a <i class="">next step</i> to the "WBT"?<br class="">
<br class="">
(Yes, I am quite out of touch with the latest in "Stove testing"
methodologies. What "efficiency" methodology does the GACC currently
endorse when testing stoves that produce biochar? Is it still an
open question?)<br class="">
<br class="">
Regards,<br class="">
<pre class="moz-signature" cols="72"> Lloyd Helferty, Engineering Technologist
Principal, Biochar Consulting (Canada)
<a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="http://www.biochar-consulting.ca/">www.biochar-consulting.ca</a>
Earth Stewardship consultant, Passive Remediation Systems Ltd. (PRSI)
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://www.prsi.ca/">http://www.prsi.ca/</a>
Promotions Manager, Climate Smart Agriculture Youth Network (CSAYN)
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://csayouthnetwork.wordpress.com/">http://csayouthnetwork.wordpress.com/</a>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://www.fao.org/climate-smart-agriculture/">http://www.fao.org/climate-smart-agriculture/</a>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.linkedin.com/grp/home?gid=6756248">https://www.linkedin.com/grp/home?gid=6756248</a>
48 Suncrest Blvd, Thornhill, ON, Canada
905-707-8754
CELL: 647-886-8754
Skype: lloyd.helferty
Co-manager, Sustainable Agriculture Group
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://www.linkedin.com/groups/Sustainable-Agriculture-3866458">http://www.linkedin.com/groups/Sustainable-Agriculture-3866458</a>
Steering Committee coordinator
Canadian Biochar Initiative (CBI)
Community Sustainability (CoSWoG), A working group of Science for Peace
was: <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://www.scienceforpeace.ca/currents/">http://www.scienceforpeace.ca/currents/</a>
President, Co-founder & CBI Liaison, Biochar-Ontario
Member of the Don Watershed Regeneration Council (DWRC)
Manager, Biochar Offsets Group:
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://www.linkedin.com/groups?home=&gid=2446475">http://www.linkedin.com/groups?home=&gid=2446475</a>
Advisory Committee Member, IBI
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://www.linkedin.com/groups?gid=1404717">http://www.linkedin.com/groups?gid=1404717</a>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://www.facebook.com/group.php?gid=42237506675">http://www.facebook.com/group.php?gid=42237506675</a>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://groups.google.com/group/biochar-ontario">http://groups.google.com/group/biochar-ontario</a>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://www.meetup.com/biocharontario/">http://www.meetup.com/biocharontario/</a>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://www.biocharontario.ca/">http://www.biocharontario.ca</a>
<a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="http://www.biochar.ca/">www.biochar.ca</a>
"Unless someone like you cares a whole awful lot, Nothing is going to get better. It's not."
— Dr. Seuss (The Lorax)</pre>
<div class="moz-cite-prefix">On 2015-11-22 3:13 PM, Ronal W. Larson
wrote:<br class="">
</div>
<blockquote cite="mid:7EFA90FF-F5E7-428B-A026-F86ECB6D5529@comcast.net" type="cite" class="">
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;
charset=windows-1252" class="">
Lloyd etal
<div class=""><br class="">
</div>
<div class=""><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>I
am imagining a charcoal-making stove owner who has 2 clients to
whom she sells charcoal. One client (A) burns the char; the
other (B) uses it as biochar. How can one say the stove has two
different efficiencies?</div>
<div class=""><br class="">
</div>
<div class=""><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>But
another argument is that if all the produced char is used by C
as biochar - it must be that the char’s soil value exceeded the
energy value. So perhaps the efficiency value for client C
should be even better than for case A. This soil use for the
char is where I think we are heading.</div>
<div class=""><br class="">
</div>
<div class=""><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>In
sum, I see no reason to do other than use the char’s energy
value when calculating a total efficiency - as is being done by
Jetter/EPA/</div>
<div class=""><br class="">
</div>
<div class="">Ron</div>
<div class=""><br class="">
</div>
<div class=""><br class="">
<div class="">
<div class="">On Nov 22, 2015, at 7:48 AM, Lloyd Helferty<a moz-do-not-send="true" href="mailto:lhelferty@sympatico.ca" class=""></a> [biochar] <<a moz-do-not-send="true" href="mailto:biochar@yahoogroups.com" class=""></a><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:biochar@yahoogroups.com">biochar@yahoogroups.com</a>>
wrote:</div>
<br class="Apple-interchange-newline">
<blockquote type="cite" class="">
<div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px;
font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight:
normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal;
orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px;
text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto;
word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;
background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class="">
<div id="ygrp-mlmsg" style="font-size: 13px; font-family:
Arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; position:
relative;" class="">
<div id="ygrp-msg" style="line-height: 1.22em; z-index:
1;" class="">
<div id="ygrp-text" style="line-height: 1.22em;
font-family: Georgia;" class=""><p style="line-height: 1.22em; margin: 0px 0px 1em;" class="">Ron,<br style="line-height: 1.22em;" class="">
<br style="line-height: 1.22em;" class="">
In reading that quoted/highlighted paragraph, my
expectation is that the term, "<i style="line-height: 1.22em;" class=""><font style="line-height: 1.22em;" size="3" class=""><span style="line-height: 1.22em;
background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); color:
rgb(46, 46, 46);" class="">utilizing<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></font></i><font style="line-height: 1.22em;" size="3" class=""><span style="line-height: 1.22em; background-color:
rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(46, 46, 46);" class="">the<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><b style="line-height: 1.22em; color: rgb(46, 46,
46);" class=""><u style="line-height: 1.22em;" class="">charcoal</u></b></font>"
(..."should be considered as a useful energy") is<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><i style="line-height: 1.22em;" class="">probably</i><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>meant to
assume that the leftover/residual charcoal would
subsequently be utilized as a<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><b style="line-height: 1.22em;" class="">fuel</b>, and
probably not as<b style="line-height: 1.22em;" class="">biochar</b>.
If the resulting charcoal is used in a non-energy
application (i.e. as biochar) then one does not
normally talk about or refer to, "the<u style="line-height: 1.22em;" class=""><i style="line-height: 1.22em;" class="">energy</i></u><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>stored in
the charcoal" as being "useful" anymore, if one
considers the classical [non-regenerative /
linear] energy models. (Of course if one
understands the use of biochar from a holistic**
perspective, it can make sense to use biochar in a
non-fuel application if that application results
in a boost to the actual [biomass] fuel -- and
food --<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><i style="line-height: 1.22em;" class="">production
capabilities</i><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>of the
soil from which the original stove 'fuel' was
derived... but of course those are more complex
calculations that must also consider time and a
number of other variables which are not normally
taken into consideration.)<br style="line-height:
1.22em;" class="">
<br style="line-height: 1.22em;" class="">
**Note: If considered in this holistic perspective
/ context, the use of<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><i style="line-height: 1.22em;" class="">soil-health
enhancing</i><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>materials
like biochar will very likely eventually be a<i style="line-height: 1.22em;" class="">prerequisite</i><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>of the
very definition of "sustainable" biofuels /
biomaterials.<br style="line-height: 1.22em;" class="">
<br style="line-height: 1.22em;" class="">
CC: Biochar group<br style="line-height: 1.22em;" class="">
<br style="line-height: 1.22em;" class="">
Regards,<br style="line-height: 1.22em;" class="">
</p>
<pre class="moz-signature" cols="72" style="line-height: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 15px; font-family: monospace;"> Lloyd Helferty</pre>
<div class="moz-cite-prefix" style="line-height:
1.22em;">On 2015-11-22 3:58 AM, Ron Larson wrote:<br style="line-height: 1.22em;" class="">
</div>
<blockquote cite="mid:IbIfPJ1QR0CvVCT6izM16A@ismtpd0005p1iad1.sendgrid.net" type="cite" style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 4px;
line-height: 1.22em;" class="">
<div style="line-height: 1.22em; width: 680px;" class="">
<div style="line-height: 1.22em;" class="">Professor Jain</div>
<div style="line-height: 1.22em;" class=""><br style="line-height: 1.22em;" class="">
</div>
<div style="line-height: 1.22em;" class=""><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="line-height: 1.22em; white-space: pre;"> </span>1.
Thank you for a tremendously useful
document. Especially that you (Elsevier?,
TERI?) have made it available on a non-fee
basis (for a<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><b style="line-height: 1.22em;" class=""><u style="line-height: 1.22em;" class="">SHORT</u><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>time).</b></div>
<div style="line-height: 1.22em;" class=""><b style="line-height: 1.22em;" class=""><br style="line-height: 1.22em;" class="">
</b></div>
<div style="line-height: 1.22em;" class=""><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="line-height: 1.22em; font-weight: bold; white-space: pre;"> </span>2.
I am a little surprised (and delighted)
that I received this on the climate change
list. I am alerting four other lists who
will also find this most useful.</div>
<div style="line-height: 1.22em;" class=""><br style="line-height: 1.22em;" class="">
</div>
<div style="line-height: 1.22em;" class=""><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="line-height: 1.22em; white-space: pre;"> </span>3.
To me, interested in both climate change
(through biochar - not mentioned) and stoves,
the most important sentence in
your exceedingly thorough (161 cites) is this
partial paragraph in Section 2.3.1 (emphases
added):</div>
<div style="line-height: 1.22em;" class=""><br style="line-height: 1.22em;" class="">
</div>
<div style="line-height: 1.22em;" class=""><span style="line-height: 1.22em;
background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class=""><font style="line-height: 1.22em;" size="3" color="#2e2e2e" face="Arial, Helvetica,
Lucida Sans Unicode, Microsoft Sans Serif,
Segoe UI Symbol, STIXGeneral, Cambria
Math, Arial Unicode MS, sans-serif" class=""><span style="line-height: 1.22em;" class=""> <i style="line-height: 1.22em;" class=""><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span> </i></span><i style="line-height: 1.22em;" class=""><span style="line-height: 1.22em;" class="">“</span><span style="line-height: 1.22em;" class="">The
energy expenditure in the form of fuel
for boiling and evaporating water is
calculated by standardizing the amount
of raw fuel with fuel moisture
content, ambient temperature,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></i></font><i style="line-height: 1.22em;" class=""><b style="line-height: 1.22em; color:
rgb(46, 46, 46); font-size: 16px;" class=""><u style="line-height: 1.22em;" class="">charcoal</u></b><font style="line-height: 1.22em;" size="3" color="#2e2e2e" face="Arial, Helvetica,
Lucida Sans Unicode, Microsoft Sans
Serif, Segoe UI Symbol, STIXGeneral,
Cambria Math, Arial Unicode MS,
sans-serif" class=""><span style="line-height:
1.22em;" class=""><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>formed
fuel and calorific value of fuel and<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></font><b style="line-height: 1.22em; color:
rgb(46, 46, 46);" class=""><u style="line-height:
1.22em;" class="">charcoal</u></b><font style="line-height: 1.22em;" size="3" color="#2e2e2e" face="Arial, Helvetica,
Lucida Sans Unicode, Microsoft Sans
Serif, Segoe UI Symbol, STIXGeneral,
Cambria Math, Arial Unicode MS,
sans-serif" class=""><span style="line-height:
1.22em;" class="">. This is called the
‘equivalent dry wood consumed’.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></font><b style="line-height: 1.22em; color:
rgb(46, 46, 46);" class="">Charcoal</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><font style="line-height: 1.22em;" size="3" color="#2e2e2e" face="Arial, Helvetica,
Lucida Sans Unicode, Microsoft Sans
Serif, Segoe UI Symbol, STIXGeneral,
Cambria Math, Arial Unicode MS,
sans-serif" class=""><span style="line-height:
1.22em;" class="">utilization after the cooking
process in real households has not
been validated in any of the studies.
If the<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></font><b style="line-height: 1.22em; color:
rgb(46, 46, 46); font-size: 16px;" class=""><u style="line-height: 1.22em;" class="">charcoal</u></b><font style="line-height: 1.22em;" size="3" color="#2e2e2e" face="Arial, Helvetica,
Lucida Sans Unicode, Microsoft Sans
Serif, Segoe UI Symbol, STIXGeneral,
Cambria Math, Arial Unicode MS,
sans-serif" class=""><span style="line-height:
1.22em;" class=""><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>disposed
by targeted population then the fuel
consumption can be corrected. </span></font></i></span><i style="line-height: 1.22em;" class=""><font style="line-height: 1.22em;" size="3" class=""><span style="line-height: 1.22em; color:
rgb(46, 46, 46);" class=""> </span><span style="line-height: 1.22em;
background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);
color: rgb(46, 46, 46);" class="">If a certain
community has a habit of utilizing the<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><b style="line-height: 1.22em; color:
rgb(46, 46, 46);" class=""><u style="line-height:
1.22em;" class="">charcoal</u></b><span style="line-height: 1.22em;
background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);
color: rgb(46, 46, 46);" class=""><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>then </span></font><font style="line-height: 1.22em;" color="#2e2e2e" face="Arial, Helvetica,
Lucida Sans Unicode, Microsoft Sans Serif,
Segoe UI Symbol, STIXGeneral, Cambria
Math, Arial Unicode MS, sans-serif" class=""><span style="line-height: 1.22em;" class=""><font style="line-height: 1.22em;" size="3" class="">…</font></span><span style="line-height: 1.22em; font-size:
14px;" class="">..</span></font></i></div>
<div style="line-height: 1.22em;" class=""><font style="line-height: 1.22em;" color="#2e2e2e" face="Arial, Helvetica, Lucida Sans Unicode,
Microsoft Sans Serif, Segoe UI Symbol,
STIXGeneral, Cambria Math, Arial Unicode MS,
sans-serif" class=""><span style="line-height:
1.22em; font-size: 14px;" class=""><br style="line-height: 1.22em;" class="">
</span></font></div>
<div style="line-height: 1.22em;" class=""><i style="line-height: 1.22em;" class=""><span style="line-height: 1.22em; font-size:
x-large; background-color: rgb(255, 255,
255); color: rgb(46, 46, 46);" class="">t<u style="line-height: 1.22em;" class=""><b style="line-height: 1.22em;" class="">he energy
stored in the<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></b></u></span><u style="line-height: 1.22em; font-size:
x-large; color: rgb(46, 46, 46);" class=""><b style="line-height: 1.22em;" class="">charcoal</b></u><span style="line-height: 1.22em; font-size:
x-large; background-color: rgb(255, 255,
255); color: rgb(46, 46, 46);" class=""><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><u style="line-height: 1.22em; font-size:
x-large; color: rgb(46, 46, 46);" class=""><b style="line-height: 1.22em;" class="">should be
considered as a useful energy</b></u><span style="line-height: 1.22em;
background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class=""><font style="line-height: 1.22em;" size="5" color="#2e2e2e" face="Arial, Helvetica,
Lucida Sans Unicode, Microsoft Sans
Serif, Segoe UI Symbol, STIXGeneral,
Cambria Math, Arial Unicode MS,
sans-serif" class=""><span style="line-height:
1.22em;" class="">.</span><span style="line-height: 1.22em;" class="">”</span><span style="line-height: 1.22em;" class=""> </span></font></span></i></div>
<div style="line-height: 1.22em;" class=""><i style="line-height: 1.22em;" class=""><br style="line-height: 1.22em;" class="">
</i></div>
<div style="line-height: 1.22em;" class=""><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="line-height: 1.22em; white-space: pre;"> </span>4.
As I know you know, there is more than one
way to report the impact of charcoal
production in stove comparisons. Examples
coming.</div>
<div style="line-height: 1.22em;" class=""><br style="line-height: 1.22em;" class="">
</div>
<div style="line-height: 1.22em;" class=""><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="line-height: 1.22em; white-space: pre;"> </span>5.
I could not find an email address for Ms.
(Dr?) Pooja Arora. I intend to look up other
papers she and you have published. Please
congratulate her as well.</div>
<div style="line-height: 1.22em;" class=""><br style="line-height: 1.22em;" class="">
</div>
<div style="line-height: 1.22em;" class=""><br style="line-height: 1.22em;" class="">
</div>
<div style="line-height: 1.22em;" class="">Again, thanks
for a very useful stove assessment document.
I am aware of nothing like it.</div>
<div style="line-height: 1.22em;" class=""><br style="line-height: 1.22em;" class="">
</div>
<div style="line-height: 1.22em;" class="">Ron
(first/past “stove” and “biochar” lists
coordinator)</div>
<div style="line-height: 1.22em;" class=""><br style="line-height: 1.22em;" class="">
</div>
<br style="line-height: 1.22em;" class="">
<div style="line-height: 1.22em;" class="">
<div style="line-height: 1.22em;" class="">On Nov 21,
2015, at 10:09 PM, S. Jain (Env. Engg.)
wrote:</div>
<br class="Apple-interchange-newline" style="line-height: 1.22em;">
<blockquote type="cite" style="margin: 0px 0px
0px 4px; line-height: 1.22em;" class="">
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.22em;" class="">
<div style="line-height: 1.22em;
font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;
font-size: 14px;" class="">
<div style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt;
line-height: 1.22em;" class=""><span style="line-height: 1.22em;
font-size: 10.5pt;" class="">Dear Colleagues,</span></div>
<div style="line-height: 1.22em;
margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;" class=""><span style="line-height: 1.22em;
font-size: 10.5pt;" class=""> </span><br class="webkit-block-placeholder" style="line-height: 1.22em;">
</div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt;
line-height: 1.22em;" class=""><span style="line-height: 1.22em;
font-size: 10.5pt;" class="">We are sharing
with you an article on </span><b style="line-height: 1.22em;" class=""><i style="line-height: 1.22em;" class=""><span style="line-height: 1.22em;
font-size: 10.5pt; color:
rgb(23, 55, 94);" class="">Chronological
development in cookstove
assessment methods: Challenges
and way forward</span></i></b><span style="line-height: 1.22em;
font-size: 10.5pt;" class="">. We hope to
receive your inputs and comments on
the same. </span></div>
<div style="line-height: 1.22em;
margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;" class=""><span style="line-height: 1.22em;
font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial,
sans-serif; color: rgb(34, 34, 34);" class=""> </span><br class="webkit-block-placeholder" style="line-height: 1.22em;">
</div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt;
line-height: 1.22em;" class=""><b style="line-height: 1.22em;" class="">Abstract</b></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0px 0.0001pt;
line-height: 1.22em;" class=""><span style="line-height: 1.22em;
font-size: 10.5pt;" class="">This review
intended to collect and collate the
information related to cookstove
testing methodologies applied in lab
and field conditions and their
output in the form of energy and
emission parameters. The important
information related to progression
of cookstove testing techniques was
segregated in order to understand
the relationships in different
indicators of cookstove performance
and to understand the sources of
uncertainty in emission data. The
major research issue that has been
dwelt upon in the recent literature
is the establishment of relationship
between lab and field results of
cookstove performance. It is
observed that controlled cooking
test and kitchen performance test
are the two field based tests which
provide a better picture of a
particular cookstove performance as
it involves the user perspective.
Misrepresentation of actual
cookstove performance based on
laboratory based testing puts the
present standard protocols in
question. Solutions have been put
forward by some research studies;
however a validation is needed
through multiple scientific
investigations conducted at various
temporal and spatial scales. It has
been observed that cookstove testing
methodologies are still in their
nascent stage compared to the
research that has already been
conducted for other sources where
biomass combustion emissions have
studied thoroughly. Still the shift
in focus of upcoming research
studies towards field based
integrated cookstove testing
methodologies has the potential to
drive future cookstove research in
the new direction.</span></div>
<div style="line-height: 1.22em;" class=""> <br class="webkit-block-placeholder" style="line-height: 1.22em;">
</div><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px
0px 1em; line-height: 1.22em;"><span style="line-height: 1.22em;
font-size: 10.5pt;" class="">We are providing
you with the following personal
article link, which will provide
free access to your article, and is
valid for 50 days, until January 10,
2016</span><br style="line-height:
1.22em;" class="">
<span style="line-height: 1.22em;
font-size: 10pt;" class=""><br style="line-height: 1.22em;" class="">
</span><span style="line-height:
1.22em; outline: none; font-size:
10pt;" class=""><a moz-do-not-send="true" class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://authors.elsevier.com/a/1S4Na4s9HvhN9u" style="line-height: 1.22em;
font-family: Verdana;">http://authors.elsevier.com/a/1S4Na4s9HvhN9u</a></span></p>
<br class="">
</div>
</div>
</blockquote>
</div>
</div>
</blockquote>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</blockquote>
</div>
</div>
</blockquote>
<br class="">
</div>
</blockquote></div><br class=""></div>_______________________________________________<br class="">Stoves mailing list<br class=""><br class="">to Send a Message to the list, use the email address<br class=""><a href="mailto:stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org" class="">stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org</a><br class=""><br class="">to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List Settings use the web page<br class=""><a href="http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/stoves_lists.bioenergylists.org" class="">http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/stoves_lists.bioenergylists.org</a><br class=""><br class="">for more Biomass Cooking Stoves, News and Information see our web site:<br class=""><a href="http://stoves.bioenergylists.org/" class="">http://stoves.bioenergylists.org/</a><br class=""><br class=""></div></blockquote></div><br class=""></div></div>_______________________________________________<br class="">Stoves mailing list<br class=""><br class="">to Send a Message to the list, use the email address<br class=""><a href="mailto:stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org" class="">stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org</a><br class=""><br class="">to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List Settings use the web page<br class=""><a href="http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/stoves_lists.bioenergylists.org" class="">http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/stoves_lists.bioenergylists.org</a><br class=""><br class="">for more Biomass Cooking Stoves, News and Information see our web site:<br class="">http://stoves.bioenergylists.org/<br class=""><br class=""></div></blockquote></div><br class=""></div>_______________________________________________<br class="">Stoves mailing list<br class=""><br class="">to Send a Message to the list, use the email address<br class=""><a href="mailto:stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org" class="">stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org</a><br class=""><br class="">to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List Settings use the web page<br class="">http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/stoves_lists.bioenergylists.org<br class=""><br class="">for more Biomass Cooking Stoves, News and Information see our web site:<br class="">http://stoves.bioenergylists.org/<br class=""><br class=""></div></blockquote></div><br class=""></div></body></html>