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</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body lang=EN-US link=blue vlink=purple><div class=WordSection1><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Love it!<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>“</span><span style='font-family:"TimesNewRoman","serif";color:black'>The urine-biochar treatment led to a pumpkin yield of 82.6 t·ha</span><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"TimesNewRoman","serif";color:black'>−1</span><span style='font-family:"TimesNewRoman","serif";color:black'>, an increase of more than 300% compared<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><span style='font-family:"TimesNewRoman","serif";color:black'>with the treatment where only urine was applied, and an 85% increase compared with the biochar-only treatment.”<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><span style='font-family:"TimesNewRoman","serif";color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>First, there seemed to be no control, i.e. no test where there was no change in soil treatment. Second, biochar only seemed pretty damned useless. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Is this really the best that can presently be said for proper agricultural research into biochar? As an ex-farmer, I would say there is a LOT of research still to be done!<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Prof Philip Lloyd</span><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Energy Institute</span><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Cape Peninsula University of Technology</span><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-ZA style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>PO Box 1906<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-ZA style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Bellville 7535<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-ZA style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Tel: 021 959 4323<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-ZA style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Fax: 086 778 0257<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-ZA style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Cell: 083 441 5247<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-ZA style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>PA: Nadia 021 959 4330<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><div><div style='border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm'><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>From:</span></b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'> Ronal W. Larson [mailto:rongretlarson@comcast.net] <br><b>Sent:</b> 26 November 2015 06:07<br><b>To:</b> Biochar<br><b>Cc:</b> Discussion of biomass; Philip Lloyd<br><b>Subject:</b> Re: Request for biochar results. Re: [Stoves] [biochar] [biochar-stoves] A review of chronological development in cookstove assessment methods: Challenges and way forward<o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal>Paul et al<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span class=apple-tab-span> </span>Our disagreement in this thread is with people who are convinced stoves shouldn’t be producing charcoal - so I am keeping the stoves list (which you may have intended to drop). They are the ones creating problems for the biochar community (problems including wasting time).<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span class=apple-tab-span> </span>The list “biochar-international” will have about 1000 papers in 2015 (less than 100 when the term biochar was adopted in 2007). Most of these are on effects in soil. Virtually none on sequestration value - and only a small number on stoves.<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span class=apple-tab-span> </span>I include the one which has given the largest impact (that I am aware of) on improved productivity. Lots of other references there. Hans-Peter does good work .- and his place of publication is free - with a lot more useful data in this and his other free papers<o:p></o:p></p></div></div><div style="position:absolute;margin:15px 0 0 0px; padding-top:10px;padding-right:15px;min-width:350px; border-top:1px solid #ccc;font-size:12px; color: #333; font-family:arial,'Hiragino Sans GB',Tahoma,Helvetica,STHeiti; ">This email has been protected by YAC (Yet Another Cleaner) <a href="http://www.yac.mx?source=email" style="display:block;padding-top:5px; color:#2bafed;text-decoration:none;">www.yac.mx</a></div></body></html>