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Crispin,<br>
<br>
Only one continent to transform? This type of stove could have
enthusiastic users in many places on several continents.<br>
<br>
We await the drawings. We will want separate drawings (or tables
and info sheets) for the variety of diameters of pipes that might be
found.<br>
<br>
Gustavo Pen~a has already expressed interest in making a unit. He
can start now to look for available large-diameter pipe.<br>
<br>
Crispin, please assemble a selection of appropriate photos of actual
units that you have seen.<br>
<br>
I totally agree that dedicated water heaters have not been studied
enough. And we know that TLUD thermal power can work very nicely
when the water heater serves as its natural draft chimney.<br>
<br>
Paul<br>
<br>
<pre class="moz-signature" cols="72">Doc / Dr TLUD / Prof. Paul S. Anderson, PhD
Email: <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:psanders@ilstu.edu">psanders@ilstu.edu</a>
Skype: paultlud Phone: +1-309-452-7072
Website: <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="http://www.drtlud.com">www.drtlud.com</a></pre>
<div class="moz-cite-prefix">On 3/18/2016 10:25 AM, Crispin
Pemberton-Pigott wrote:<br>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Dear
Paul<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D">></span>The
metal-pipe version you described could have some practical
implications for use with biomass as well as coal. <span
style="color:#1F497D"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">Correct
– it can burn anything. It will do best with a particle size
that is 1/10<sup>th</sup> of the diameter.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><br>
We will assume that scrap pipe is available and cheap.<br>
<br>
<span style="color:#1F497D"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">In
Asian countries district heating pipes are widely available
in various conditions from the scrapyards. There are many
miles of it in Ulaanbaatar, for example.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><br>
Pipe will withstand the corrosion well.<span
style="color:#1F497D"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">They
tend to be 4-10mm thick. They can take a lot of heat for a
long time.</span><br>
<br>
Pipe of such dimensions will be emptied / cleaned at a door on
the side near the bottom (or with a trap-door through the
bottom which would be more involved and require
legs/supports.) There would be no allowance for tipping over
to dump out char or ash.<br>
<br>
<span style="color:#1F497D"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">There
is a grate 100 mm above the bottom with 7mm gaps. IT is
loose and can be lifted using a wire hook pushed through the
ash. When it is lifted it dumps everything on the grate
(which might include stones) into the bottom space. There is
an air control door on the bottom though which the ash can
be scooped using a hooked plate.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><br>
The empty unit will stay hot/ warm for quite a while, so it
probably should not be reloaded and reignited as a TLUD / MPF
unit right away. (We lack experience about this.)<span
style="color:#1F497D"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">This
has proven, in Ulaanbaatar, not to be a problem, even with
very hot ceramic linings (this stove mas no lining).
Refuelling the hot stove and relighting on top showed no
tendency to over-evaporate volatiles even using very high
volatile fuel. It is just not an issue. Coal is cold and
quickly cools everything down. It is possible that pellets
would be an issue, but that would depend on the moisture
content so it could work some of the time.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><br>
After a TLUD operation with MPF (migratory pyrolytic front),
the fire will be at the bottom. The unit COULD be
continuously feed additional fuel from the top, opperating as
a traditional updraft gasifier. <span style="color:#1F497D"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">I
was able to successfully add coke from previous burns, as
described before.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Note that this would be bottom burning like
an incinerator, which generally causes worse emissions unless
additional adjustments are made. <span
style="color:#1F497D"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">Not
the case. It was just fine. Nothing was changed. Remember
that fuel size is important as it functions somewhat like a
packed bed gasifier.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">The entry points and amounts of air
(primary and secondary) can greatly impact this performance.
For some societies and situations, this might be appropriate.<br>
<br>
<span style="color:#1F497D"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">The
secondary air was fixed and would probably be adjusted with
the fuel composition, however that said, the fuel was at
least sub-bituminous to bituminous coal and it did not smoke
at all after the wood was well lit. Once the pyrolysis is
complete, there is no chance of smoke. All coal stoves burn
very cleanly at some point. The problem is adding fuel on
top of an existing fire which if avoided can dispense with
PM emissions almost entirely. Certainly 99%.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><br>
REQUEST:<br>
Who has conditions to do the development work about this type
of device? NOT a tinsmith's job!!! Please volunteer. Or
make a request for some minor financial assistance. <br>
<br>
<span style="color:#1F497D"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">In
theory it could be done with an angle grinder, hammer and
drill – not even welding. It depends how simple you want to
go. Most places have arc welding.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><br>
Remember that this can have significant usefulness in colder
climates where room heating is also of value.<span
style="color:#1F497D"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">Water
heating is surprisingly important as a fuel consumer. I have
just seen that at least as much fuel is used for heating
water as heating the home. Dedicated water heaters are
under-discussed.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><br>
Crispin's time in Tajikistan is limited. We need some
continuity. Maybe a team effort. We can start by bringing
together the various messages about this, including Crispin's
photos. <span style="color:#1F497D"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">I
left TJ and went to Kyrgyzstan for a week and returned to
Canada already. Drawings will be available soon for all
these stoves. In places where only dung is available there
might be some interest in the “bricked stove” approach. It
is easy, cheap and lasts a long time.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><br>
I will participate, but I do not work alone any more. Make
yourself known!!!<br>
<br>
<span style="color:#1F497D"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">Thank
you, this is important work. We have a continent to
transform.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">Crispin<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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