<div dir="ltr">Dear List, <div><br></div><div>Perhaps you can share some clarity on a few things for me, when does charcoal become char and why is this? The two terms seem to be used interchangeable in various discussions. </div><div>Is it that there is a temperature threshold during carbonization that divides charcoal and [bio]char? An amount of porosity, type of feedstock (is bone or algae char still charcoal?) or is it the size of the end product or all of these aspects together? <br></div><div>And what is activated charcoal? Can it be made in a TLUD? Is there 'activated' lumpwood charcoal or biochar (could you use pool filter charcoal in your garden) on the market? Why also are briquettes considered charcoal and not biochar given that they are just charcoal dust and fines packed together and has anyone heard of using inoculated chardust briquettes for farming instead of cooking? Are there internationally recognized standards for these various forms of carbonized wood? Ash and mineral content etc. </div><div><br></div><div>My question about carbon emissions is in relation to <a href="http://e360.yale.edu/feature/the_surprising_role_of_co2_in_changes_on_the_african_savanna/2663/">this article</a> and <a href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1442-9993.2009.02046.x/abstract">study here</a> that suggests that increased CO2 in the atmosphere is 'fertilizing' tree growth in tropical grasslands and changing them to scrub and woodland cover. Would this not call for stove makers to perhaps cater to a designing for a higher combustion of CO2 even if at the cost of efficiency in areas like these...currently, much of the charcoal in the Laikipia plateau in central Kenya is beginning to come from ranchers using charcoal making as a tool to economically curb bush encroachment, i'm sure they would love to see less efficient but cleaner burning cookstoves and BBQs on the market for their charcoal and there beef! </div><div>And lastly, speaking of WWII, were charcoal based explosives still used at that time? How much of a market is that still today? What kind of charcoal is the gunpowder kind as compared to biochar? ;) </div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div>Sorry for so many questions about charcoal at once, any help is much appreciated. </div><div><br></div><div>Teddy. </div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><br></div></div><div class="gmail_extra"><br clear="all"><div><div class="gmail_signature" data-smartmail="gmail_signature"><div dir="ltr"><div><b><br></b></div><div><b><br></b></div><div><b>Cookswell Jikos</b><br><a href="http://www.cookswell.co.ke" target="_blank">www.cookswell.co.ke</a></div><div><a href="http://www.facebook.com/CookswellJikos" target="_blank">www.facebook.com/CookswellJikos</a></div><div><a href="http://www.kenyacharcoal.blogspot.com" target="_blank">www.kenyacharcoal.blogspot.com</a></div><div>Mobile: +254 700 380 009 <br></div><div>Mobile: +254 700 905 913</div><div>P.O. Box 1433, Nairobi 00606, Kenya</div><div><img src="https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/-mFnK50B4oS8/UUrgJle8z9I/AAAAAAAAB_o/OUjLd7wrKPg/s133/Cookswell+Logo.PNG" width="71" height="96"><br></div><div><font color="#008000" face="Tms Rmn">Save trees - think twice before printing</font><font size="1" color="#008000" face="Tms Rmn">.</font><br></div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><br><br><br></div></div></div></div>
<br><div class="gmail_quote">On Wed, May 25, 2016 at 11:38 PM, Ronal W. Larson <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:rongretlarson@comcast.net" target="_blank">rongretlarson@comcast.net</a>></span> wrote:<br><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div style="word-wrap:break-word"><div>Andy: with ccs.</div><div><br></div><div><span style="white-space:pre-wrap"> </span>Lloyd’s suggestion (that seems not to have gone to the stoves list) is a good one, but I think I would be speaking for 90% or more of all these list memberships to ask you to rejoin the stove list (and join some of the others Lloyd has added). I am unaware of any one else on any of these lists who considers themselves a historian. We need your continued presence.</div><div><br></div><div>Ron</div><div><br></div><br><div><blockquote type="cite"><div>On May 25, 2016, at 12:14 PM, Lloyd Helferty <<a href="mailto:lhelferty@sympatico.ca" target="_blank">lhelferty@sympatico.ca</a>> wrote:</div><br><div>
<div bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000"><p>Andy,</p><p> If you are indeed "very interested in Biochar and its
manufacture", you might with to join (some of) the [biochar]
discussion groups… if you are not already a member. (My emphasis added to your statement below).<br>
</p><p>Regards,<br>
</p>
<pre cols="72">
Lloyd Helferty, Engineering Technologist
Principal, Biochar Consulting (Canada)
<a href="http://www.biochar-consulting.ca/" target="_blank">www.biochar-consulting.ca</a>
System Leader and Sector Expert for the "Climate Smart" Platform
& Project Development Director, Energime University
<a href="http://energimeuniversity.org/" target="_blank">http://energimeuniversity.org/</a>
A member of The Energime Family of Companies
"Education, training, knowledge and empowerment for responsible environmental management and resource sustainability."
Not-for-profit Tax Exempt Status: 501(3C) DLN 17053330310044
<a href="mailto:lloydhelferty@energime.com" target="_blank">lloydhelferty@energime.com</a>
48 Suncrest Blvd, Thornhill, ON, Canada
905-707-8754
CELL: 647-886-8754
Skype: lloyd.helferty
--
Earth Stewardship consultant, Passive Remediation Systems Ltd. (PRSI)
<a href="http://www.prsi.ca/" target="_blank">http://www.prsi.ca/</a>
--
Promotions Manager, Climate Smart Agriculture Youth Network (CSAYN)
* LEAVE NO ONE BEHIND *
<a href="http://csayouthnetwork.wordpress.com/" target="_blank">http://csayouthnetwork.wordpress.com</a>
<a href="http://www.fao.org/climate-smart-agriculture" target="_blank">http://www.fao.org/climate-smart-agriculture</a>
<a href="https://www.linkedin.com/grp/home?gid=6756248" target="_blank">https://www.linkedin.com/grp/home?gid=6756248</a>
--
Co-manager, Sustainable Agriculture Group
<a href="http://www.linkedin.com/groups/Sustainable-Agriculture-3866458" target="_blank">http://www.linkedin.com/groups/Sustainable-Agriculture-3866458</a>
--
Steering Committee coordinator, Canadian Biochar Initiative (CBI)
<a href="http://www.biochar.ca/" target="_blank">www.biochar.ca</a>
<a href="http://www.linkedin.com/groups?gid=1404717" target="_blank">http://www.linkedin.com/groups?gid=1404717</a>
--
Chair, Community Sustainability (CoSWoG), A working group of Science for Peace
President, Co-founder & CBI Liaison, Biochar-Ontario
<a href="http://groups.google.com/group/biochar-ontario" target="_blank">http://groups.google.com/group/biochar-ontario</a>
<a href="http://www.meetup.com/biocharontario" target="_blank">http://www.meetup.com/biocharontario</a>
<a href="http://www.biocharontario.ca/" target="_blank">http://www.biocharontario.ca</a>
--
Manager, Biochar Offsets Group:
<a href="http://www.linkedin.com/groups?home=&gid=2446475" target="_blank">http://www.linkedin.com/groups?home=&gid=2446475</a>
--
Advisory Committee Member, International Biochar Initiative (IBI)
<a href="http://www.biochar-international.org/" target="_blank">www.biochar-international.org</a>
"Things turn out best for the people who make the best of the way things turn out."
-John Wooden
</pre></div></div></blockquote><span class=""><div><br></div><br><blockquote type="cite"><div><div bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000">
<div>On 2016-05-25 1:55 PM, Andy Shirley
wrote:<br>
</div>
<blockquote type="cite">
<div dir="ltr">Crispin,
<div>I'm very interested in Biochar and its manufacture and the
possible implications for life as we know it. That's why I
joined this group. To be told I am guessing about a historical
subject like Operation Barbarossa is just too much. <u><b>I will,
forthwith, remove myself from the group.</b></u></div>
<div>Andy (Historian)</div>
</div>
<div class="gmail_extra"><br></div></blockquote></div></div></blockquote><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><br></div><br></span><blockquote type="cite"><div><span class=""><div bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000"><blockquote type="cite"><div class="gmail_extra">
<div class="gmail_quote">On Thu, May 26, 2016 at 2:42 AM,
Crispin -- wrote:<br>
<blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
<div link="blue" vlink="purple" lang="EN-CA">
<div><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1f497d">Dear
Andy <br>
</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1f497d">Your
appellation for Prof Lloyd was appropriate.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1f497d"> As
an expert reviewer for the IPCC AR5 I suspect he
knows quite well what the historical CO<sub>2</sub>
concentration profile is better than ‘Google’ which
is a search engine, not an authority on the subject.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1f497d" lang="EN-US"> ></span>Your comments about the
Nazis and horses are unbelievable and totally wrong. <span style="color:#1f497d"></span></p>
<div>
<div><span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1f497d"> I
suggest you check before guessing.</span></p>
</span><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1f497d"> Sincerely<span></span></span></p>
<span><font color="#888888"><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1f497d">Crispin</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1f497d"> </span><br>
</p>
</font></span></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</blockquote>
</div>
</div>
</blockquote>
<br>
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