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</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body bgcolor=white lang=EN-ZA link=blue vlink=purple><div class=WordSection1><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>There is an alternative – we can produce what they really, really desire.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>My example is a community of 3 000 households with a monthly household income of around $500 in purchasing power parity. The poorest used a coal-fired stove made of found materials. As they developed sources of income, they bought a Real Coal Stove, a cast-iron appliance of 19<sup>th</sup> century design which enabled you to cook, boil water, burn refuse, heat the home, and provide a social focus for family and friends. The cost was around $2000, and there was local microfinance to make it “affordable”.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Affordability is a poor measure of utility.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Philip Lloyd<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Energy Institute, CPUT<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>SARETEC, Sachs Circle<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Bellville<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Tel 021 959 4323<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Cell 083 441 5247<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>PA Nadia 021 959 4330<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><div><div style='border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm'><p class=MsoNormal><b><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:windowtext'>From:</span></b><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:windowtext'> Stoves [mailto:stoves-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org] <b>On Behalf Of </b>Xavier Brandao<br><b>Sent:</b> Thursday, July 7, 2016 5:00 PM<br><b>To:</b> stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org<br><b>Subject:</b> [Stoves] Fwd: business sickness<o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><div><pre>"we can leave them out<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>we can sell them a stove they can afford that they will abandon<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>we can subsidize their purchase."<o:p></o:p></pre><p class=MsoNormal>I agree with Crispin, there is (at least) another choice, do more with less (materials and production processes) and the help of universities and engineers is where to look for.<br>This is an engineering challenge, this is how products get better and better, cheaper and cheaper. Again, (much) more R&D needed.<br><br>I was mentioning the size of the stove as a major element of the perceived value. The goal can also be to increase the size of the stove while keeping the costs low.<br>We tend to underestimate how big the customers want the stoves. Improved cookstoves are often quite small. And when finally a larger version is made, it is called "big size, supersize, jumbo" but in fact, designers should really admit to themselves that: they have just finally designed the normal size people want! The previous stoves were just too small.<br><br>In Europe, everyone has gas stoves with ovens, their height is at the waist level. They are big and large, but no one would think to call them supersize or jumbo.<br>They just have the size that is fit to their purpose.<br><br>Best,<br><br>Xavier<br><br><br>On 7/4/16 11:30 PM, <a href="mailto:stoves-request@lists.bioenergylists.org">stoves-request@lists.bioenergylists.org</a> wrote:<o:p></o:p></p></div><blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt'><pre>we can leave them out<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>we can sell them a stove they can afford that they will abandon<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>we can subsidize their purchase.<o:p></o:p></pre></blockquote><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p><o:p> </o:p></p><pre>-- <o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Xavier Brandao<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>COO<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>Prakti<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>T +91 413 262 34 37<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>M +91 997 610 69 21<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>S x.brandao<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>W <a href="http://www.praktidesign.com">www.praktidesign.com</a><o:p></o:p></pre><pre>A Spirit Sense, Old Auroville Rd,<o:p></o:p></pre><pre> 605 104, Bommiyarpalayam, Tamil Nadu<o:p></o:p></pre><pre> INDIA<o:p></o:p></pre></div></body></html>