<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html charset=utf-8"></head><body style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space;" class="">List(s) cc Andrew (only one part of his message given below); adding the biochar list as there was no cooking part of Elsen’s work in Nairobi<div class=""><br class=""><div><blockquote type="cite" class=""><div class=""><div class=""><blockquote type="cite" class=""><br class=""><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span><snip; then Andrew said, re Elsen Karstad and Elsen’s Kenyan company “Chartist”, yesterday></blockquote><br class="">As I said Chardust in Kenya initially did it in a simple down draught burner.<br class=""></div></div></blockquote><br class=""></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span><b class="">[RWL: It was simple, but quite large scale. Worth discussing because we hear so little about BLDD. I visited Elsen but came down with unusual medical experience (pneumonia plus more) in Nairobi before seeing what I describe below. </b></div><div><b class=""><br class=""></b></div><div><b class=""><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>The mental image I have is of a large tall “central” chimney - maybe 8-10 oil barrels high. The 8-10 radial covered “troughs” maybe half square meter in cross section (??). At the end of each of these radial lines (length 5 meters??) was a grate (one or two square meters ??) on which a worker placed the sawdust (later bagasse - maybe 10-15 cm deep??) and lit each (from below). After the pyrolysis front moved upwards through the sawdust pile, one would see a red bright spot appear - and the worker would place more saw dust (or bagasse - and could presumably be wood chips) over each red spot as it appeared. </b></div><div><b class=""><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Not sure, but probably two workers for this - maybe working all day. I suppose there were dampers so each pile-charring could be stopped at the right final pile height (20-30 cm?)— and another pile taking its place.</b></div><div><b class=""><br class=""></b></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span><b class="">I don’t believe any use was made of the tremendous heat produced - but there was potential for brick-making, pottery or a bakery, etc..</b></div><div><b class=""><br class=""></b></div><div><b class=""><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>I can’t remember any details now, but Elsen also designed a fine TLUD. Had some different features that I can’t now recall. I don’t think this ever went into production. My trip was probably about 1997 or 1998. Probably some discussion in the stove archives. I went because Kenya was relatively close to Ethiopia where I was developing a TLUD for enjira cooking. </b></div><div><b class=""><br class=""></b></div><div><b class=""><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Tom Miles can probably correct a few errors above. Hope this can get also to Elsen - who did some fine early work.</b></div><div><b class=""><br class=""></b></div><div><b class="">Ron</b></div><br class=""></div></body></html>