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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Dear Ron<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Thanks for injecting humour into the conversation.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">I don’t mean the cartoon, that was just politics. I am talking about asking us to stop talking about anything other than ‘biomass’. We have enough
political interference in the stove development sector without creating fake quote about Trump.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">I am involved in four pilot projects at the moment. Three of them involved stoves and multiple fuels: biomass briquettes made from crop wastes, coal,
wood, crop wastes without processing, and coal and processed coal (either briquetted, semi-coked and briquetted, or semi-coked nuggets.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Some stoves are designed to burn as many fuels as are likely to be encountered in the field – a very reasonable thing to do otherwise the customers
will reject them.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Here is a photo of a multi-fuel stove (something I felt was almost an oxymoron until I saw some pretty good ones):<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><img width="302" height="348" style="width:3.1458in;height:3.625in" id="Picture_x0020_1" src="cid:image006.jpg@01D2562B.98E40AF0"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Amazingly, this same stove, if the grate is reversed, is a pretty good coal stove:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><img width="302" height="292" style="width:3.1458in;height:3.0416in" id="Picture_x0020_2" src="cid:image007.jpg@01D2562B.98E40AF0"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Building on the knowledge gained over the past few years in Asia, this type of product is now being tested through the winter in two countries. The
fuel savings are expected to be about 50%.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Blocking discussion about the design while it is burning coal will not help the stove community. You referenced the decision to have a discussion
stove for biomass stoves only. For a number of years the topic was strongly concentrated on ‘gasifiers’. Then it was concentrated on ‘Rocket Stoves’. Then it was concentrated on ‘TLUD’s’.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Now, due to developments in multiple countries, TLUD coal stoves are all the rage. The super-performing CARITAS Model 4’s are coal gasifiers and
are likely to displace the TLUD’s! I am convinced that with a little research they can be turned into wood pellet gasifiers that operate continuously instead of in batches.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Are there any other fuels we should not discuss on this list? Ethanol? Solar? Kerosene? Diesel?
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">What about biodiesel made from palm oil?<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">What I am getting at is are you ‘against’ discussion of coal (or other fuels) on the basis that they are fossil fuels? In short, is there an agenda
other than biomass?<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">We have had people on this list who are fanatically (it is the correct word) against discussing charcoal, which is a very good fuel and can be made
from all sorts of biomass. The reason was that ‘charcoal making is causing the destruction of the forests in Africa’. That may well be true, or was true, but these days a lot has been done to change the methods and systems of old.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Dr Karve has done a marvellous job of transforming rubbish into fuel and cooked meals – I believe without any encouragement from this list. It is
done by making charcoal.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Robert v.d. Plas. Who reads this list, did a marvellous job in Chad of turning a large criminal-dominated illegal market into a sustainable, profitable,
large scale employment legal one. It lasted for 4 years until the criminals influenced the president to make charcoal production and transport illegal again, so they go back to dominating it - which they now do.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">The same success has happened in Rwanda but with lasting effect. Charcoal is produced on farms and sold to the market as just another agricultural
product. If we had listened to the anti-charcoal voices, how advanced would the stoves be that burn charcoal much better than before?<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Someone made a joke on this list the other day about Trump not listening to certain voices. In fact it is quite the opposite: he is accused of listening
to too many voices, including those than bring balance and perspective. So I thought the comment was humorous but not for the reason intended.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">We should discuss and be aware of all the developments relevant to the field of domestic energy. Remaining ignorant of domestic coal appliances,
a major energy sector, the energy carrier for more than ½ the population of many regions, by closing our ears is not helpful. Ignorance is not a virtue.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">When was the last major breakthrough in biomass stove design? When was the last major breakthrough in coal stove design? I can answer that: October
2016. And biomass stove designers can learn a lot from it, which is why I put the drawings on the web for all to share.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Let’s keep on keeping on.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Crispin<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Andrew:<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span class="apple-tab-span"> </span>Agreed. But I feel a need to modify your statement a bit - and say that not all stove subjects should be on this list - as our charter specifically uses the word biomass (in fact the list
address is “Discussion of biomass”). The intro material also identifies cookstoves, with exceptions (grudgingly?) for biomass heating stoves (and I can’t remember when we had any discussion on those). There must be a web site for coal burning stoves? There
are plenty of places to talk about biomass heating stoves.<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span class="apple-tab-span"> </span>Since I have introduced the word “coal”, I apologize - but maybe can make amends by showing why we chose twenty years ago to limit the stove list to biomass (bringing in a witness - Marshall
Ramsey (and Donald Trump?) - who puts coal in less than the most positive light):<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><img width="320" height="223" style="width:3.3333in;height:2.3229in" id="_x0036_16EE64E-C78B-4DB0-B1D2-CDFA5562F69F" src="cid:image001.png@01D25490.C31FCA30"><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Ron<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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