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</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body lang=NL-BE link=blue vlink=purple><div class=WordSection1><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Dears,<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'> 20 ppm CO is OK for half an hour cooking .<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>But my WARNING for space heating with coal or wood is :<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:red'>DO NOT BUY AN CO ALARM FROM CHINA TOYS</span></b><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:red'> </span><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>! 50ppm dangerous level CO gives alarm after 2 hours ! You could be unconsious by that !!!<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>A few weeks a year you get invers pressure in the atmosphere and the smoke is not lifting !<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:red'>ALSO DO NOT BUY A SMOKE –FIRE ALARM !</span></b><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:red'> </span><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>YOUR HOME MIGHT BE BURNED BEFORE THE ALARM GOES OFF !!!<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>BUY A BURNABLE GAS SENSOR PELLISTOR as FIGARO HYDROGEN SENSOR (20$ ) or and alarm kit with PIEZO so 120 db for 40$ .<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#00B050'>CAL IT SECURITY DETECTOR . NO SECRETS . ALWAYS REPAIRABLE ! BEST and CHEAPEST PURE ELECTRONIC. </span></b><b><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>It reacts in minutes for all burnable gasses ! Even your stomag breating alcohol ,CH4 ,H2S, . Or gasoline from a starting car .<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Every pyrolyse gives burnable smel or gas before particals ;so you get alarm LONG BEFORE flames occur .<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Yes you set the level and someone with a cigar is send out with 120 db<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>It works like a transistor from TINOXYDES and PLATINUM FILAMENTS at 700° C with gas ,smoke burning on the fillament the risistance change from <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>200 000 OHM to 200 OHM it operates on 1 or 5 Volts . With a 741 IC you set the alarm level you want . “ www. CONRAD.de “ or most electronic –parts shops selling it . Sensitivity is differend for differend gas so select HYDROGEN type not CO type is 4 times less sensitive .<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Life time most 10y .<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'> OLD SMOKE DETECTORS have a RADIOACTIVE SOURCE of Am241 of 37000 Bq for air ionisation between two electrodes on en FET TRANSISTOR <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>So a piccoamps current flows, and smoke with more conducting gas and particals gives transistor conduction and alarm.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Old detectors are dangerous after pulverizing ,if alfa particles enter our lungs ,good for 18 cancers contamination . <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>IT MUST BE RETURNED AND STORED FOR CENTURIES IN THE NATIONAL NUC. STORIDGE !!!<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'> Regards,<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Frans<o:p></o:p></span></p><div><div style='border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm'><p class=MsoNormal><b><span lang=NL style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>Van:</span></b><span lang=NL style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'> Stoves [mailto:stoves-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org] <b>Namens </b>Crispin Pemberton-Pigott<br><b>Verzonden:</b> vrijdag 6 januari 2017 23:25<br><b>Aan:</b> Discussion of biomass cooking stoves<br><b>Onderwerp:</b> Re: [Stoves] News: Cooking pollution by propaganda - GACCing India<o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-CA style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";mso-fareast-language:EN-US'>Dear Philip<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-CA style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";mso-fareast-language:EN-US'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-CA style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";mso-fareast-language:EN-US'>I certainly remember that story and John Davies in Secunda had similar ones on death from CO on cold winter nights – about 3 families per township per cold winter night.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-CA style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";mso-fareast-language:EN-US'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-CA style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";mso-fareast-language:EN-US'>I was speaking about ambient air in the community, not trapped in a home. The highest we seem to get at SeTAR when checking before tests is 2 ppm and normally 1. That is in central West Johannesburg – a place definitely affected by township emission, though not as much as Benoni.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-CA style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";mso-fareast-language:EN-US'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-CA style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";mso-fareast-language:EN-US'>What have you seen for open air CO?<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-CA style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";mso-fareast-language:EN-US'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-CA style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";mso-fareast-language:EN-US'>I assumed that Darpan was talking about both that and indoor emissions or outdoor cooking emissions around the fire, rather than 20 feet away under a tree.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-CA style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";mso-fareast-language:EN-US'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-CA style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";mso-fareast-language:EN-US'>Having now seen some coal stoves that hold the CO below 20 ppm in the exhaust, would that be safe enough for indoor use? Or is that an impossible calculation because the ppm value is not related to the exposure save by also knowing the total mass emitted?<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-CA style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";mso-fareast-language:EN-US'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-CA style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";mso-fareast-language:EN-US'>Thanks<br>Crispin<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-CA style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";mso-fareast-language:EN-US'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-CA style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-ZA style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Dear Crispin<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-ZA style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-ZA style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>“</span><span lang=EN-CA style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'>I am </span><span lang=EN-ZA style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>very interested that you think that CO from coal-fired cooking stoves is a measurable pollution problem anywhere.” Surely I have told you about the Qalabotja macroscale experiment? We had some assistance from the US DoE, who sent someone with a host of portable monitors for just about everything you could think of. The first evening, he visited a shack with an <i>mbaula</i> keeping the place warm. His CO monitor went off – the reading was 1600ppm and there was an alarm at, I think, 90ppm and another at 1000ppm. He had been shown how to reset the 90ppm alarm, but no-one had thought to tell him how to reset the “Get-out-now” alarm. For 24h we had to put up with this damn thing shrieking, then the battery ran out.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-ZA style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-ZA style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Many of the shacks heated in this way showed these unbelievable CO levels. The inhabitants all complained of headaches and weakness in the morning. It almost seems you can adapt to high levels. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-ZA style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-ZA style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Later we did a study on CO deaths in Soweto. In winter there would be two or three events per week when the whole family died in the night. All we had to do was buy the Sowetan and read the death notices.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-ZA style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-ZA style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>It IS a measurable problem!<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-ZA style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-ZA style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Philip<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-ZA style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p></div></body></html>