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Dear Ron</div>
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If you think I am a radical for wanting to overthrow the current paradigm in stove testing and evaluation, Cecil ideas will fry your pants! He is asking questions and forwarding proposals that will leave us technical bean counters fiddling with a calculator
in the corner while he and Nikhil take centre stage, arm in arm with the users!</div>
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ýYou will get nowhere being snarky to Cecil. As the co-conceptualist of the CSI test method he has a great deal of standing with the donors on how to assess what is and what is not acceptable and what constitutes 'improved'. His conceptual input has directed
the foundations and assessments used in stove programmes worth about $130m to date. It might be closer to $140m. Before you get on too high a horse about what he thinks and says, perhaps you should compare that with the other players in this sector. </div>
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Just because he is modest and polite doesn't mean he is easily intimidated. </div>
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The WBT is dead in the water. It is sinking of its own accord. Bid farwell. Let's move on. </div>
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Crispin </div>
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ý<br>
<div>Cecil and list with Cecil’s ccs
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<div class=""><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"></span>As you and I discussed this topic several years ago on a long car trip to Aprovecho with Kirk Harris - I want to repeat today that I believe you know way too little on TLUDs and the WBT
to put in a message like the following.</div>
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<div class=""><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"></span>Since then, I have told you and others several times that I had been very disappointed in your “social anthropologist” questions to stove users - to have never asked as single question
that would lead to greater attention to any improved stoves and especially TLUDs.</div>
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<div class=""><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"></span>I have asked you before for any survey results. Can you send me and this list any set of questions that prove me wrong? Or if not, why can’t you?</div>
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<div class=""><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"></span>I think it very unprofessional to say the WBT “stinks” without giving a single concrete example of why you believe that. Please supply that detail now - before our ETHOS meeting.</div>
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<div class=""><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"></span>We would have nothing like a cell phone today, if we relied only on anthropologists only asking about traditional approaches.</div>
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<div class=""><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"></span>I repeat - there is NOTHING specific below about any WBT issue.</div>
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<div class="">Ron</div>
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<div class=""><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"></span>ps to others - Cecil and I interacted a bit (amiably then I believe) on Appropriate Technology issues many decades ago.</div>
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<div class="">On Jan 24, 2017, at 8:55 AM, <a href="mailto:cec1863@gmail.com" class="">
cec1863@gmail.com</a> wrote:</div>
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ýDear fellow cookstove enthusiasts and frustrati,</div>
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As an over the hill back slide applied social anthropologistý I whole heartedly agree it is time for the stovers of the world to unite and give the WBT a belated burial. </div>
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Why? Because the WBT is beginning to stink. The accumulating human, economic, environmental and societal costs to prolong the life of the WBT can not be justified. I vote we pull the plug on the life support sophistry and permit the various versions of a
fundamentally defective stove performance test for efficiency to exit the public arena once and for all.</div>
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Why? The costs and complexities of prolonging it's existence now far outweigh the benefits of WBTesting to identify candidate stoves that qualify for inclusion in or exclusion from the category of stoves good enough for gov't subsidies, big orders from UNHCR,
and investor financing, It is time for stovers of the world to unite and stop our fiddling while the stoves of Rome continue to burn and emit dangerous smoke! </div>
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ýFortunately we now have alternative ways to assess the performance of traditional and innovative candidate stoves that are culturally, environmentally, and economically contextualized. Surely it is time for the "united stover's of the world" to return to
a more eclectic and open minded phase of small stove R&D where we allow ourselves the space we need to continue experimenting with stoves as combustion technologies, as heating devices, and as tools for cooking culturally variable foods, and carrying out many
different tasks such as small scale agri-processing and commercial food preparation.</div>
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As an anthropologist I tend to focus on the stove operators role and skills, the fuels available and used, the economics of production, etc and how these components combine holistically into a dynamic system that also includes the fabricators and marketing
agents. My preference is to step back and to allow traditional and innovative stove technologies, elements, behaviors, and cultures to creatively interact and evolve toward new optima with the smallest possible interventions and costs. </div>
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If we "stovers of the world" actually unite, listen to each other and get better at learning from our cantankerously different approaches it should be possible for us to gradually grow an inclusive eclectic approach to stove assessment that will allow us to
select those tests and observations which document and compare the <span class="" style="font-size:initial; text-align:initial; line-height:initial">
different stove/fuel/culture realities. Some time back Crispin referred to a tool kit of different metrics. </span></div>
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<span class="" style="font-size:initial; text-align:initial; line-height:initial">So my vote is to retire the WBT as an adequate indicator of a stove's efficency. If we had a plebiscite on this list, what are our choices? What do we replace the WBT with after
it is dead and buried? RIP!</span></div>
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<span class="" style="font-size:initial; text-align:initial; line-height:initial">Lastly I believe we are collectively learning about the negative consequences ýof allowing wanna be global authorities to PREMATURELY impose universal metrics to rank the performance
of stoves that are ripped out of their various meaning giving contexts. </span></div>
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<span class="" style="font-size:initial; text-align:initial; line-height:initial">So let's do the Roman thing and hold a plebiscite on "to WBT or not to WBT"....that is the question. </span></div>
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<span class="" style="font-size:initial; text-align:initial; line-height:initial">Cecil
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Sent from my BlackBerry 10 smartphone.</div>
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<div class=""><b class="">From: </b>Xavier Brandao</div>
<div class=""><b class="">Sent: </b>Wednesday, January 18, 2017 5:08 PM</div>
<div class=""><b class="">To: </b>Discussion of biomass cooking stoves</div>
<div class=""><b class="">Subject: </b>Advocacy action: ask the GACC to stop promoting the WBT</div>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0.0001pt; text-align:justify"><span class="" style="font-size:12pt; font-family:arial">Dear friends,</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0.0001pt; text-align:justify"><span class="" style="font-size:12pt; font-family:arial">There have been a lot of fierce discussions on the stove discussion list lately. I think most of us are unhappy with a certain number
of sector-wide issues.</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0.0001pt; text-align:justify"><span class="" style="font-size:12pt; font-family:arial">There is one thing in particular that appalled me. I read the study by Riva et al.:</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0.0001pt; text-align:justify"><span class="" style="font-size:12pt; font-family:arial">"Fuzzy interval propagation of uncertainties in experimental analysis for improved and traditional three–stone fire cookstoves"</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0.0001pt; text-align:justify"><a href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/308900170_2016_Riva_Fuzzy_interval_propagation_of_uncertainties_in_experimental_analysis_for_improved_and_traditional_three_-_Stone_fire_cookstoves" class=""><span class="" style="font-size:12pt; font-family:arial">https://www.researchgate.net/publication/308900170_2016_Riva_Fuzzy_interval_propagation_of_uncertainties_in_experimental_analysis_for_improved_and_traditional_three_-_Stone_fire_cookstoves</span></a><span class="" style="font-size:12pt; font-family:arial"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0.0001pt; text-align:justify"><span class="" style="font-size:12pt; font-family:arial">I am appalled that we are in 2017, and again another study shows how much the Water Boiling Test is flawed, and is leading us in
the wrong direction(s).</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0.0001pt; text-align:justify"><span class="" style="font-size:12pt; font-family:arial">I am appalled when I think that Crispin has been telling us about it all these years (10 years now?), and his warnings have too
often fallen on deaf ears.</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0.0001pt; text-align:justify"><span class="" style="font-size:12pt; font-family:arial">Radha Muthiah, the CEO of the GACC, said in her introduction of the GACC 2016 annual report: "The Alliance worked with UNHCR to
develop procurement guidelines that include evaluation of stove and fuel performance, affordability, usability, safety, and durability. This is an example of how organizations can adapt international standards to support their priorities and decision-making."</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0.0001pt; text-align:justify"><span class="" style="font-size:12pt; font-family:arial">Crispin mentioned that the procurement guidelines were based upon the WBT.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0.0001pt; text-align:justify"><span class="" style="font-size:12pt; font-family:arial">We are in 2017, and important decisions for thousand of stoves to refugees are still based on the WBT, a test which does not allow
us to really know how a stove will perform. This is scary.</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0.0001pt; text-align:justify"><span class="" style="font-size:12pt; font-family:arial">At the end of last year, Prakti was commissionned by the World Bank to review the testing ecosystem in India. I had the chance to
talk with many stakeholders, especially from the U.S., and to have enlightening discussions. Things have barely started to move it seems. A few people have started to see the shortcomings of the WBT. But this is all too slow.</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0.0001pt; text-align:justify"><span class="" style="font-size:12pt; font-family:arial">What we fail to measure are the damages.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0.0001pt; text-align:justify"><span class="" style="font-size:12pt; font-family:arial">How many tests results are probably meaningless, and so useless? How ignorant were we about the real performance of so many stoves?
Many of us could see how different performance in the field was, compared to performance in the lab.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0.0001pt; text-align:justify"><span class="" style="font-size:12pt; font-family:arial">How many not-at-all-improved stoves were built, promoted, and disseminated?</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0.0001pt; text-align:justify"><span class="" style="font-size:12pt; font-family:arial">How many stove projects or companies failed because of a test that was problematic in the first place?</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0.0001pt; text-align:justify"><span class="" style="font-size:12pt; font-family:arial">How many efforts, how much money was lost because of poor testing?</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0.0001pt; text-align:justify"><span class="" style="font-size:12pt; font-family:arial">Crispin is right, I could not agree more with him on that: before being able to do the R&D that we need so much, we need valid metrics.
There is no way around that. This should be our first priority.</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0.0001pt; text-align:justify"><span class="" style="font-size:12pt; font-family:arial">We need to act now; but, to act and get results, we must focus on what is important, on what is central, on what is foundational.
Now, we need good testing; it is as simple as that.</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0.0001pt; text-align:justify"><span class="" style="font-size:12pt; font-family:arial">The goal is not to point fingers, nor put the blame on anyone. What is done is done, the only thing that matters now is: what do
we do from here? We need to work together constructively.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0.0001pt; text-align:justify"><span class="" style="font-size:12pt; font-family:arial">We cannot say we didn't know.</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0.0001pt; text-align:justify"><span class="" style="font-size:12pt; font-family:arial">I discussed with Crispin, Adam, and a few others. I am starting an advocacy action with this email actually.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0.0001pt; text-align:justify"><span class="" style="font-size:12pt; font-family:arial">It is very simple.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0.0001pt; text-align:justify"><span class="" style="font-size:12pt; font-family:arial">I think we need to address the GACC. Despite all the criticism, the GACC did a lot of work for the stove sector, and, like it or
not, is still regarded as our main representative to policy makers and those with the capital to fund meaningful change at scale. We need to be working with them.</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0.0001pt; text-align:justify"><span class="" style="font-size:12pt; font-family:arial">We would ask the GACC:</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0.0001pt; text-align:justify"><span class="" style="font-size:12pt; font-family:arial">· to publicly acknowledge that the WBT has major shortcomings</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0.0001pt; text-align:justify"><span class="" style="font-size:12pt; font-family:arial">· to remove the protocol from its website, so cookstoves sector stakeholders are not using it</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0.0001pt; text-align:justify"><span class="" style="font-size:12pt; font-family:arial">· to actively promote development and use of other, valid, protocols</span></p>
<div class="" style="margin-bottom:0.0001pt; text-align:justify"><span class="" style="font-size:12pt; font-family:arial"> </span><br class="webkit-block-placeholder">
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0.0001pt; text-align:justify"><span class="" style="font-size:12pt; font-family:arial">There were a lot of heated discussions around the WBT in the past. Because of that, other protocols were included in the TC 285
process. This is not good enough.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0.0001pt; text-align:justify"><span class="" style="font-size:12pt; font-family:arial">We don't want invalid protocols to be promoted alongside valid ones. I believe the WBT is still the most used protocol, and anyone
can download it on the web, and (mis)use it. That does a lot of harm.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0.0001pt; text-align:justify"><span class="" style="font-size:12pt; font-family:arial">Here it is, on top of the page:</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0.0001pt; text-align:justify"><span class="" style="font-size:12pt; font-family:arial"><span class=""><span class="gmail-MsoHyperlink"><a href="http://cleancookstoves.org/technology-and-fuels/testing/protocols.html" class="">http://cleancookstoves.org/technology-and-fuels/testing/protocols.html</a><br class="">
</span></span></span></p>
<div class="" style="margin-bottom:0.0001pt; text-align:justify"><span class="" style="font-size:12pt; font-family:arial"> </span><span class="" style="font-size:12pt; font-family:arial"></span><br class="webkit-block-placeholder">
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0.0001pt; text-align:justify"><span class="" style="font-size:12pt; font-family:arial">Good and valid protocols do exist. They work very well, give more and better data than the WBT. We do not have, at all, to use the
WBT. Why would we keep using it at all?</span></p>
<div class="" style="margin-bottom:0.0001pt; text-align:justify"><span class="" style="font-size:12pt; font-family:arial"> </span><br class="webkit-block-placeholder">
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0.0001pt; text-align:justify"><span class="" style="font-size:12pt; font-family:arial">Recent articles have shown that we are losing credibility as a sector. We cannot regain it if we keep using invalid testing. I think
this sector is comprised of good people who want to do good science and build healthy foundations.</span></p>
<div class="" style="margin-bottom:0.0001pt; text-align:justify"><span class="" style="font-size:12pt; font-family:arial"> </span><br class="webkit-block-placeholder">
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0.0001pt; text-align:justify"><span class="" style="font-size:12pt; font-family:arial">If you think you are one of these people, please contact me at my email address to show your support for this initiative:</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0.0001pt; text-align:justify"><a href="mailto:xvr.brandao@gmail.com" class=""><span class="" style="font-size:12pt; font-family:arial"><span class=""><span class="gmail-MsoHyperlink">xvr.brandao@gmail.com</span></span></span></a></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0.0001pt; text-align:justify"><span class="" style="font-size:12pt; font-family:arial">If you have an opinion on the matter, let's please discuss it here on the stovelist. If you dont agree, if you think there are good
scientific grounds for the WBT as a valid protocol, or think for this or another reason that it should still be used, please let's discuss it, in scientific terms, on this list.</span></p>
<div class="" style="margin-bottom:0.0001pt; text-align:justify"><span class="" style="font-size:12pt; font-family:arial"> </span><br class="webkit-block-placeholder">
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0.0001pt; text-align:justify"><span class="" style="font-size:12pt; font-family:arial">The outcomes of this discussion will be brought to the GACC, and we will continue discussing it with them.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0.0001pt; text-align:justify"><span class="" style="font-size:12pt; font-family:arial">We have all dedicated a significant portion of our lives to this work; let us not let bad science, or past wrong decisions undermine
all that we have accomplished, or all that we might. Can we stand together, whatever our differences of opinion on the best stoves, or fuels, or development practices and agree that in testing our assumptions, pseudo-science and demonstrably flawed methods
have no place in this sector?</span></p>
<div class="" style="margin-bottom:0.0001pt; text-align:justify"><span class="" style="font-size:12pt; font-family:arial"> </span><br class="webkit-block-placeholder">
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0.0001pt; text-align:justify"><span class="" style="font-size:12pt; font-family:arial">Please join, please tell people around you about this initiative.</span></p>
<div class="" style="margin-bottom:0.0001pt; text-align:justify"><span class="" style="font-size:12pt; font-family:arial"> </span><br class="webkit-block-placeholder">
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0.0001pt; text-align:justify"><span class="" style="font-size:12pt; font-family:arial">2017 is just starting, let's start it on the right foot.</span></p>
<div class="" style="margin-bottom:0.0001pt; text-align:justify"><span class="" style="font-size:12pt; font-family:arial"> </span><br class="webkit-block-placeholder">
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0.0001pt; text-align:justify"><span class="" style="font-size:12pt; font-family:arial">Thanks,</span><span class="" style="font-size:12pt; font-family:arial"></span></p>
<div class="" style="margin-bottom:0.0001pt; text-align:justify"><span class="" style="font-size:12pt; font-family:arial"> </span><span class="" style="font-size:12pt; font-family:arial"></span><br class="webkit-block-placeholder">
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0.0001pt; text-align:justify"><span class="" style="font-size:12pt; font-family:arial">Xavier</span></p>
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