<html>
  <head>
    <meta content="text/html; charset=windows-1252"
      http-equiv="Content-Type">
  </head>
  <body bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000">
    Dear Philip, Crispin, Ron and all,<br>
    <br>
    Philip wrote:
    <blockquote type="cite"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">However,
        the biogas reactor would produce two useful products – the
        biogas itself and the biogas residue, and its efficiency would
        then be the energy in the biogas plus the energy in the useful
        residue divided by the energy in the biomass fed.</span></blockquote>
    So you are saying that there can be two numbers added together in
    the numerator, right?  Add the char energy to the numerator but do
    not subtract the char energy from the demoninator.   I will let you
    and Ron and Crispin and others comment on that.<br>
    <br>
    **********<br>
    Concerning Crispin's analogy about the car that is leaking gasoline,
    that is a weak comment.  Crispin consistently wants to make FUEL
    equal to ENERGY.   That is not the case with the car's gasoline or
    with fires that purposely make charcoal.<br>
    <br>
    Paul<br>
    <br>
    <pre class="moz-signature" cols="72">Doc  /  Dr TLUD  /  Prof. Paul S. Anderson, PhD
Email:  <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:psanders@ilstu.edu">psanders@ilstu.edu</a>
Skype:   paultlud    Phone: +1-309-452-7072
Website:  <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="http://www.drtlud.com">www.drtlud.com</a></pre>
    <div class="moz-cite-prefix">On 2/7/2017 1:59 AM, Philip Lloyd
      wrote:<br>
    </div>
    <blockquote cite="mid:03cc01d28118$20d083a0$62718ae0$@co.za"
      type="cite">
      <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;
        charset=windows-1252">
      <meta name="Generator" content="Microsoft Word 12 (filtered
        medium)">
      <style><!--
/* Font Definitions */
@font-face
        {font-family:Helvetica;
        panose-1:2 11 6 4 2 2 2 2 2 4;}
@font-face
        {font-family:"Cambria Math";
        panose-1:2 4 5 3 5 4 6 3 2 4;}
@font-face
        {font-family:Calibri;
        panose-1:2 15 5 2 2 2 4 3 2 4;}
@font-face
        {font-family:Tahoma;
        panose-1:2 11 6 4 3 5 4 4 2 4;}
@font-face
        {font-family:Consolas;
        panose-1:2 11 6 9 2 2 4 3 2 4;}
/* Style Definitions */
p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal
        {margin:0cm;
        margin-bottom:.0001pt;
        line-height:106%;
        font-size:12.0pt;
        font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
        color:black;}
a:link, span.MsoHyperlink
        {mso-style-priority:99;
        color:blue;
        text-decoration:underline;}
a:visited, span.MsoHyperlinkFollowed
        {mso-style-priority:99;
        color:purple;
        text-decoration:underline;}
pre
        {mso-style-priority:99;
        mso-style-link:"HTML Preformatted Char";
        margin:0cm;
        margin-bottom:.0001pt;
        font-size:10.0pt;
        font-family:"Courier New";
        color:black;}
p.MsoAcetate, li.MsoAcetate, div.MsoAcetate
        {mso-style-priority:99;
        mso-style-link:"Balloon Text Char";
        margin:0cm;
        margin-bottom:.0001pt;
        font-size:8.0pt;
        font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";
        color:black;}
span.HTMLPreformattedChar
        {mso-style-name:"HTML Preformatted Char";
        mso-style-priority:99;
        mso-style-link:"HTML Preformatted";
        font-family:Consolas;
        color:black;}
span.apple-tab-span
        {mso-style-name:apple-tab-span;}
span.apple-converted-space
        {mso-style-name:apple-converted-space;}
span.EmailStyle21
        {mso-style-type:personal;
        font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
        color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle22
        {mso-style-type:personal-reply;
        font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
        color:#1F497D;}
span.BalloonTextChar
        {mso-style-name:"Balloon Text Char";
        mso-style-priority:99;
        mso-style-link:"Balloon Text";
        font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";
        color:black;}
.MsoChpDefault
        {mso-style-type:export-only;
        font-size:10.0pt;}
@page WordSection1
        {size:612.0pt 792.0pt;
        margin:72.0pt 72.0pt 72.0pt 72.0pt;}
div.WordSection1
        {page:WordSection1;}
--></style><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:shapedefaults v:ext="edit" spidmax="1026" />
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:shapelayout v:ext="edit">
<o:idmap v:ext="edit" data="1" />
</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]-->
      <div class="WordSection1">
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Dear
            Paul<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">I
            did not say that anything left behind after the cooking task
            should be wasted – I said it should not be counted as a
            benefit to the cooking task. The cooking efficiency is the
            useful energy delivered for cooking divided by the energy in
            the raw fuel fed.  You could have another useful energy – I
            used the example of space heating, the efficiency of which
            is the useful space heat energy delivered divided by the
            energy in the raw fuel fed. The efficiency of useful char
            production is the energy in the useful char divided by the
            energy in the fuel fed. You could have a system that cooks,
            heats space and also produces some useful char – its
            efficiency would be the sum of the three separate
            efficiencies.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">In
            your biogas example, the cooking efficiency is the useful
            energy for cooking divided by the energy in the biogas fed.
            However, the biogas reactor would produce two useful
            products – the biogas itself and the biogas residue, and its
            efficiency would then be the energy in the biogas plus the
            energy in the useful residue divided by the energy in the
            biomass fed.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Hope
            that clarifies things<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Philip
             <o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
        <div>
          <div style="border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF
            1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm">
            <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:normal"><b><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:windowtext"
                  lang="EN-US">From:</span></b><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:windowtext"
                lang="EN-US"> Stoves
                [<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="mailto:stoves-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org">mailto:stoves-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org</a>] <b>On
                  Behalf Of </b>Paul Anderson<br>
                <b>Sent:</b> Monday, February 6, 2017 9:29 PM<br>
                <b>To:</b> Discussion of biomass cooking stoves<br>
                <b>Subject:</b> Re: [Stoves] Differences in stove
                testing ---- was Re: ETHOS 2017 agenda and logistics<o:p></o:p></span></p>
          </div>
        </div>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:normal">Lloyd,<br>
          <br>
          My response here can be easily ignored.   But it might help
          clarify the situation of char-making stoves (TLUDs).<br>
          <br>
          Your comments say that whatever energy value is left behind
          after the cooking task is completed should be counted as if it
          were wasted energy (unless it will be used for cooking, which
          is not the case I am presenting.)<br>
          <br>
          Biomass has energy.<br>
          <br>
          When that biomass is wet, and is placed into a biodigesto<b>r
            for</b><b><span
style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">
            </span></b><span
style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">anaerobic
            conversion into combustible gases (called biogas),</span><span
style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">
          </span>there is a lot of energy remaining in the digestor. 
          Does all of that unconverted energy get charged against the
          efficiencies of cooking with biogas?<br>
          <br>
          Oh.  And extreme case?  Not a case of combustible fuel?  Only
          look at the biogas (not the source "stuff")??    Essentially
          "woodgas" is the same as "biogas" because both were derived
          from biomass, but the cooking is done with the gases, not with
          the biomass itself.<br>
          <br>
          Splitting hairs?   Playing with definitions?  Maybe.   But
          something to think about.<br>
          <br>
          And I constantly object to Crispin's (and other's) switching
          between FUEL measurements and ENERGY measurements when not all
          of the energy is extracted from the fuel ON PURPOSE.<br>
          <br>
          Personally, I am caring less and less about what is in the
          equations.  There is still much more info to come about the
          success of the char-producing clean-burning TLUD woodgas
          stoves that are being strongly accepted in very poor areas in
          West Bengal, India, with a business model that includes
          financial sustainability with carbon credits or simply with
          some financial inputs such as have gone to other types of
          stoves but not to TLUDs.  <br>
          <br>
          (Please note that the prevoius sentence did not use the terms
          WBT or ISO or the other stuff that is getting all the
          discussion.   Nor am I taking sides with Ron or others about
          subtracting the energy value of charcoal from the
          demoninator.)<br>
          <br>
          Paul<br>
          <br>
          <br>
          <o:p></o:p></p>
        <pre>Doc  /  Dr TLUD  /  Prof. Paul S. Anderson, PhD<o:p></o:p></pre>
        <pre>Email:  <a moz-do-not-send="true" href="mailto:psanders@ilstu.edu">psanders@ilstu.edu</a><o:p></o:p></pre>
        <pre>Skype:   paultlud    Phone: +1-309-452-7072<o:p></o:p></pre>
        <pre>Website:  <a moz-do-not-send="true" href="http://www.drtlud.com">www.drtlud.com</a><o:p></o:p></pre>
        <div>
          <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:normal">On 2/6/2017
            12:57 PM, Philip Lloyd wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
        </div>
        <blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
          <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Dear
              Ron</span><o:p></o:p></p>
          <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
          <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">I
              would like you to know that Crispin’s position on the
              char-deducting formula is supported by most of those
              working on ISO TC 285.  He is definitely not a lone voice
              crying in the wilderness.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
          <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
          <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">There
              is absolutely no doubt that the formula is wrong, if you
              are trying to talk cookstove energy efficiency.
              Thermodynamics defines energy efficiency in terms of
              useful energy delivered/ energy input, and that is the
              gross energy input, not some net figure. In the case of
              cooking, it is the energy used in cooking divided by the
              energy in the raw fuel fed to provide the cooking heat. 
              If the solid stream remaining at the end of a cooking
              sequence still has some components such as char that could
              provide additional energy, then if they can be put back in
              the stove for use in a later cooking sequence, there is no
              impact on the cooking efficiency, but if they are removed
              from the cooking system then they represent a loss and the
              cooking efficiency is reduced relative to what it would be
              if all the fuel fed were reduced to ash.   That’s the
              science, and all arguments to the contrary fail.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
          <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
          <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">An
              analogy may make this clearer.  Some cookstoves also
              provide useful space heating.  In this case the efficiency
              of use of fuel for cooking and heating is (useful heat
              provided for cooking + useful heat released for space
              heating)/energy in fuel fed.   The efficiency for cooking
              remains useful heat provided for cooking/energy in fuel
              fed, and the efficiency for space heating is useful heat
              released for space heating/energy in fuel fed, and the two
              efficiencies are additive as they should be – and which
              they wouldn’t be if the CDF were correct. </span><o:p></o:p></p>
          <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
          <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Please
              accept that the cdf is DEAD.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
          <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
          <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Prof
              Philip Lloyd</span><o:p></o:p></p>
          <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Energy
              Institute, CPUT</span><o:p></o:p></p>
          <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">SARETEC,
              Sachs Circle</span><o:p></o:p></p>
          <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Bellville</span><o:p></o:p></p>
          <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Tel
              021 959 4323</span><o:p></o:p></p>
          <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Cell
              083 441 5247</span><o:p></o:p></p>
          <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">PA
              Nadia 021 959 4330</span><o:p></o:p></p>
          <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
          <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
          <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
          <div>
            <div style="border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF
              1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm">
              <p class="MsoNormal"><b><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif""
                    lang="EN-US">From:</span></b><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif""
                  lang="EN-US"> Stoves [<a moz-do-not-send="true"
                    href="mailto:stoves-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org">mailto:stoves-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org</a>]
                  <b>On Behalf Of </b>Ronal W. Larson<br>
                  <b>Sent:</b> Monday, February 6, 2017 5:34 PM<br>
                  <b>To:</b> Discussion of biomass; Crispin
                  Pemberton-Pigott<br>
                  <b>Subject:</b> Re: [Stoves] Differences in stove
                  testing ---- was Re: ETHOS 2017 agenda and logistics</span><o:p></o:p></p>
            </div>
          </div>
          <p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal">List and Crispin<o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><span class="apple-tab-span">           
              </span>The following in response to Crispin’s message of
              last night  (delayed in part by the Super Bowl - sheesh -
              what an ending!)<o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><span class="apple-tab-span">           
              </span>Inserts below.<o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
          <div>
            <blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
              <div>
                <p class="MsoNormal">On Feb 5, 2017, at 6:28 PM, Crispin
                  Pemberton-Pigott <<a moz-do-not-send="true"
                    href="mailto:crispinpigott@outlook.com">crispinpigott@outlook.com</a>>
                  wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
              </div>
              <p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
              <div>
                <div>
                  <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">Dear
                      Ron</span><o:p></o:p></p>
                </div>
                <div>
                  <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
                </div>
                <div>
                  <div>
                    <p class="MsoNormal"><b><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""
                          lang="EN-US">“…</span></b>I went a lot further
                      reporting on the test experts I talked to at ETHOS
                      - NONE of whom agreed with Crispin on the topic of
                      this reply - the way to handle char in reporting
                      efficiencies.  <o:p></o:p></p>
                  </div>
                  <div>
                    <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
                  </div>
                  <div>
                    <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">That
                        provides a comment on the poor understanding of
                        the principles of engineering and performance
                        rating amount those who you contacted at ETHOS.
                        It is sad that those how claim to lead are so at
                        sea when it comes to making such simple
                        determinations. Perhaps you are not aware that
                        the ‘char-deducted formula’ is unique in the
                        world when reporting the % of fuel energy
                        delivered as ‘work’.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
                  </div>
                </div>
              </div>
            </blockquote>
            <div>
              <p class="MsoNormal"><span class="apple-tab-span">           
                </span><b>[RWL1’:  Re sentences #1 and #2 - it is truly
                  amazing that ALL of the experts on this topic are
                  incorrect - and only you have the true knowledge.  It
                  reminds me of the way the “97%” of climate change
                  experts are dismissed by deniers.</b><o:p></o:p></p>
            </div>
            <div>
              <p class="MsoNormal"><span class="apple-tab-span"><b>           
                  </b></span><b>Re sentence #3 - you are correct - I
                  am “<i>unaware</i>” of the uniqueness - because it is
                  not true.  As one example, the CSI methodology used in
                  the Philippines uses it.  The CSU methodology does
                  (incidentally, Jessica Tryner’s doctoral thesis
                  includes this CDF = “<i>char-deducting formula</i>” -
                  and is terrific).  </b><o:p></o:p></p>
            </div>
            <div>
              <p class="MsoNormal"><span class="apple-tab-span"><b>           
                  </b></span><b>I hope readers will note that below
                  there is NO mention of how Crispin would handle the
                  situation of most interest to those of us working with
                  TLUDs - using something other than the CDF for
                  tier placement purposes.  I say the CDF undervalues
                  char when looking at tiers - but I can live with it.
                   Crispin is silent on how to merge char making and
                  tiers - repeat TIERS, not the CDF alone.</b><o:p></o:p></p>
            </div>
            <div>
              <p class="MsoNormal"><span class="apple-tab-span"><b>           
                  </b></span><b>The CDF is not different in principle
                  than subtracting the energy in unused wood (or do you
                  think that should not be allowed also?)</b><o:p></o:p></p>
            </div>
            <blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
              <div>
                <div>
                  <div>
                    <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
                  </div>
                  <div>
                    <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">Char
                        making is not ‘work’ when it comes to cooking
                        energy delivered.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
                  </div>
                </div>
              </div>
            </blockquote>
            <div>
              <p class="MsoNormal"><span class="apple-tab-span">           
                </span><b>[RWL2’:  We are getting off topic here, but
                  since it takes energy to make char (about double that
                  retained in the char), www could argue about whether
                  this is “work:.</b><o:p></o:p></p>
            </div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><br>
              <br>
              <br>
              <o:p></o:p></p>
            <div>
              <div>
                <div>
                  <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
                </div>
                <div>
                  <p class="MsoNormal">>John Mitchell supports the
                    existing “denominator equation” - as does EVERYBODY
                    I talked to at the ETHOS conference.  <o:p></o:p></p>
                </div>
                <div>
                  <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
                </div>
                <div>
                  <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">Ditto
                      – if true, it is significant that the ETHOS
                      participants you discussed this with do not follow
                      this list, read about the problems and understand
                      the implications, or consider that scientific
                      norms should apply to stove testing.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
                </div>
              </div>
            </div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><span class="apple-tab-span">           
              </span><b>[RWL3’:   Right,  because you say so, we
                should disregard all the other expert statements (I mean
                official in the TAG discussions - not on this list or at
                ETHOS).   </b><o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><span class="apple-tab-span"><b>           
                </b></span><b>I can assure you the experts at ETHOS have
                been reading this list.   EVERY one I talked to was
                fully aware of the controversy.  You underestimate (and
                insult) their ability as well to “<i>understand the
                  implications or consider the scientific norms…”</i></b><br>
              <br>
              <br>
              <o:p></o:p></p>
            <div>
              <div>
                <div>
                  <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
                </div>
              </div>
              <div>
                <div>
                  <div>
                    <div>
                      <div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal">><b>[RWL1:  I am
                            agreeing with decades of usage to make the “<i>cooking
                              efficiency metric number"</i><span
                              class="apple-converted-space"> </span>more
                            accurate.  </b><o:p></o:p></p>
                      </div>
                      <div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal"><b><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""> </span></b><o:p></o:p></p>
                      </div>
                      <div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">The
                            cooking efficiency is the ratio of cooking
                            energy to the energy in the fuel fed into
                            the stove. Comparing the rating of two
                            stoves calculated on that basis gives a
                            direct comparison of the fuel consumption to
                            accomplish a task. More on that below.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
                      </div>
                    </div>
                  </div>
                </div>
              </div>
            </div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><span class="apple-tab-span">           
              </span><b>[RWL4’:   You would be correct if that was
                the accepted method of comparing stoves.  The accepted
                method, when char was trivial, is/has been to make the
                CDF calculation more accurate  (less unexplained
                variation).  </b><br>
              <br>
              <br>
              <o:p></o:p></p>
            <div>
              <div>
                <div>
                  <div>
                    <div>
                      <div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal"><b><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""> </span></b><o:p></o:p></p>
                      </div>
                      <div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal"><b>>The ONLY accurate
                            denominator is one with the char being
                            subtracted - as the ratio is the heat into
                            the cook pot divided by the total energy
                            that COULD BE available for that measure of
                            energy into the cookpot.  </b><o:p></o:p></p>
                      </div>
                      <div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal"><b><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""> </span></b><o:p></o:p></p>
                      </div>
                      <div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">That
                            is a description of the heat transfer
                            efficiency. It is unfortunate you are not
                            learning from this interchange. I have
                            explained in detail how to calculate the
                            heat transfer efficiency and it starts by
                            deducting the char energy (all of it, not
                            just some recoverable portion).  You are
                            calling the heat transfer efficiency the
                            cooking efficiency. That is the root of the
                            problem. They are different when the stove
                            produces a solid residue containing
                            unreleased energy.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
                      </div>
                    </div>
                  </div>
                </div>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div>
              <p class="MsoNormal"><span class="apple-tab-span">           
                </span><b>[RWL5’:  I have no idea why you are claiming
                  that I am “<i>calling the heat transfer efficiency the
                    cooking efficiency”.    </i>If you would leave all
                  of the exchange instead of cherry-picking it, our
                  audience would see that In my sentence labeled “RWL1”
                  above, where I have “<i>cooking efficiency metric
                    number” </i> in quotes,  I did so because your
                  immediately preceding sentence (from the 4th) was "</b><i><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">You
                    want to increase the cooking efficiency metric
                    number by deducting the energy content of the
                    recovered char energy, is that correct?</span></i><i><span
style="font-size:11.5pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">”
                       </span></i><b>So you use a term “improperly",
                  then accuse me of its improper usage, even though I
                  had it in quotes.  The “<i>root of the problem”  </i>(your
                  term, not mine) is your unwillingness to give char the
                  credit it needs in the only equation around for
                  setting tier levels.</b><o:p></o:p></p>
            </div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><br>
              <br>
              <br>
              <o:p></o:p></p>
            <div>
              <div>
                <div>
                  <div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><b>>Energy that is in the
                          char was NOT available to go into the cookpot.
                           </b><o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><b><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""> </span></b><o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">That
                          is why it is deducted when calculating the
                          heat transfer efficiency.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                  </div>
                </div>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div>
              <p class="MsoNormal"><span class="apple-tab-span">           
                </span><b>[RWL6’:   And it is this <i>“heat
                    transfer efficiency”</i> quantity that is being used
                  in the setting of the tier levels.  So why are we
                  arguing?  The quantity you insist is the only one that
                  is important is already being obtained and reported.
                   The issue is tiers - and you are not addressing that
                  topic.</b><o:p></o:p></p>
            </div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><br>
              <br>
              <br>
              <o:p></o:p></p>
            <div>
              <div>
                <div>
                  <div>
                    <div>
                      <div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
                      </div>
                      <div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal"><b>>It HAS to
                            be subtracted to get a valid efficiency when
                            you are running different tests with
                            relatively arbitrary and unintentional
                            amounts of char being produced.</b><o:p></o:p></p>
                      </div>
                      <div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
                      </div>
                      <div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">That
                            is correct, if you want to calculate the
                            heat transfer efficiency.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
                      </div>
                    </div>
                  </div>
                </div>
              </div>
            </div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><span class="apple-tab-span">           
              </span><b>[RWL7’:  Yes I want to calculate that efficiency
                - because it is the one used for setting tiers. </b><o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><span class="apple-tab-span"><b>           
                </b></span><b> Is the problem that you object to tiers?</b><o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><b><br>
                <br>
                <br>
              </b><o:p></o:p></p>
            <div>
              <div>
                <div>
                  <div>
                    <div>
                      <div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
                      </div>
                    </div>
                    <div>
                      <div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal"><b>>You are the only
                            person I have heard say this is improper.
                             Your view has been dismissed by dozens of
                            others - especially in “official”polling.</b><o:p></o:p></p>
                      </div>
                    </div>
                    <div>
                      <div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
                      </div>
                      <div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">Obviously
                            you are not in all conversations on the
                            matter. You are in no position to conduct an
                            ‘official poll’. Science does not operate on
                            ‘official polls’ of people whether or not
                            they are informed on the subject. In fact,
                            opinion counts for little in a mathematical
                            calculation.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
                      </div>
                    </div>
                  </div>
                </div>
              </div>
            </div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><span class="apple-tab-span">           
              </span>[<b>RWL8’:  All four of these sentences are
                off-base.  1):  I never said I was in “all”
                conversations;  I reported what was said to me at
                ETHOS.,  2)  Official polls have been conducted (and you
                have lost by votes of roughly 30:1);  I didn’t conduct
                these or claim to have done so;  3)  Agreed that science
                doesn’t operate with polls, but ISO groups do, because
                one person in the group can be holding up progress;  4)
                 You have agreed a few lines up that the equation in
                question (used to establish tiers) is OK - so why are
                you raising an issue of opinions?</b><o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><b><br>
                <br>
                <br>
              </b><o:p></o:p></p>
            <div>
              <div>
                <div>
                  <div>
                    <div>
                      <div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
                      </div>
                    </div>
                    <div>
                      <div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                            class="apple-tab-span"><b>>         </b></span><span
                            class="apple-converted-space"><b> </b></span><b>I
                            think the “denominator equation” formula
                            undervalues (not overvalues) the energy in
                            the char.  </b><o:p></o:p></p>
                      </div>
                      <div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal"><b><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""> </span></b><o:p></o:p></p>
                      </div>
                      <div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">The
                            equation does not report the cooking
                            efficiency, nor the energy in the char nor
                            its fraction of the original energy. It is
                            an error to use it for anything. It has no
                            standard name because it is not accepted as
                            a standard calculation save as a rough guide
                            to the heat transfer efficiency, which I
                            remind you was the original intention of the
                            authors of the VITA test. The approach was
                            used in a much more refined form in the BUCT
                            paper of 1 year ago. When it was pointed out
                            on this list that the calculation of the
                            relative fuel consumption was in error
                            because of this, one of the authors, Kirk
                            Smith, made a comment on this group that the
                            error would be corrected ‘if the paper was
                            published’. In fact the paper was already
                            published. The error is to think that the
                            relative heat transfer efficiencies of two
                            stoves is the same as the relative fuel
                            consumptions. This error is common to the
                            WBT (all versions) the CCT and the KPT.
                            (With the KPT it is only considered in
                            certain circumstances so there is a caveat
                            there – the KPT sometimes gives the correct
                            answer.)</span><o:p></o:p></p>
                      </div>
                    </div>
                  </div>
                </div>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div>
              <p class="MsoNormal"><span class="apple-tab-span">           
                </span><b>[RWL9’:  You continue to make no sense.  First
                  you say (above) : <i>“</i></b><i><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">That
                    is correct, if you want to calculate the heat
                    transfer efficiency.</span></i><i><span
style="font-size:11.5pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">”</span></i><o:p></o:p></p>
            </div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><b>Then you turn around and say (second
                sentence above)  </b><i>“It is an error to use it for
                anything.”</i><o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><span class="apple-tab-span">           
              </span><o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><span class="apple-tab-span">           
              </span><b>If you give a cite to the “<i>BUCT paper of 1
                  year ago”,  </i>I’ll read it.<span
                  class="apple-tab-span"> </span>Despite your
                inferences, I think we have already established that
                Kirk Smith is OK with this equation - and certainly the
                Berkeley Air Monitoring Group (BAMG) is.</b><o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><b><br>
                <br>
                <br>
              </b><o:p></o:p></p>
            <div>
              <div>
                <div>
                  <div>
                    <div>
                      <div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal"><b><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""> </span></b><o:p></o:p></p>
                      </div>
                      <div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal"><b>>It </b>says the
                          inefficiency is larger than it is.<span
                            class="apple-converted-space"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
                      </div>
                      <div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal"><b><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""> </span></b><o:p></o:p></p>
                      </div>
                      <div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">The
                            formula doesn’t calculate the inefficiency
                            of anything.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
                      </div>
                    </div>
                  </div>
                </div>
              </div>
            </div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><span class="apple-tab-span">           
              </span><b>[RWL10’:  In my world (I have been primarily
                involved in energy matters since 1973), inefficiency is
                the complement of efficiency:  i = 1-e.</b><o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><b><br>
                <br>
                <br>
              </b><o:p></o:p></p>
            <div>
              <div>
                <div>
                  <div>
                    <div>
                      <div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
                      </div>
                      <div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal"><b>> I accept  the
                            formula only because the tier structure is
                            based on its use.  </b><o:p></o:p></p>
                      </div>
                      <div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal"><b><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""> </span></b><o:p></o:p></p>
                      </div>
                      <div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">You
                            are correct that the tier structure (which
                            has its own additional defects) is based on
                            the WBT 4.1.2. which miscalculates the
                            cooking efficiency. I invite you and
                            everyone else on this list to obtain one of
                            the (at least) three versions of the WBT
                            4.1.2 and run a set of measurements through
                            it to get the ‘thermal efficiency’.  Then
                            run the same set of measurements through v
                            4.2.3 and see what the answer is. Be amazed.
                            To get the real answer, delete the contents
                            of the ‘char’ cell and set the char catching
                            container to zero. Compare that with the
                            other results. Be shocked.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
                      </div>
                    </div>
                  </div>
                </div>
              </div>
            </div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><span class="apple-tab-span">           
              </span><b>[RWL11’:  Again, you put the effort off onto the
                reader.  Why don’t you just show the results?   Some of
                us have other things to do than run around looking for “<i>three
                  versions of the WBT 4.1.2.”.  </i>You are correct that
                I will be “<i>amazed/shocked”</i> if anything related to
                charcoal and the tier system is different in any of
                these procedures.  So please enlighten us with your
                demonstration.</b><o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><b><br>
                <br>
                <br>
              </b><o:p></o:p></p>
            <div>
              <div>
                <div>
                  <div>
                    <div>
                      <div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
                      </div>
                      <div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal"><b>>I would have been
                            happier with a tier structure based on
                            overall efficiency, but I know that is
                            impractical - especially at this late date.</b><o:p></o:p></p>
                      </div>
                      <div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
                      </div>
                      <div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">Interesting.
                            So getting the correct answer is not
                            important, expediency is? How long would you
                            be willing to wait under normal
                            circumstances?</span><o:p></o:p></p>
                      </div>
                    </div>
                  </div>
                </div>
              </div>
            </div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><span class="apple-tab-span">           
              </span><b>[RWL12’:  I am misusing my time in this endless
                exchange because the correct answer IS important.  I
                have no idea what you are driving at in the
                last sentence.  Your wasting everyone’s time claiming
                that charcoal is being mishandled and the right answer
                is to drop char computations when placing a stove into
                tier structure  does not seem “<i>normal</i>” to me
                (reminding you and this readership that you are
                routinely out-voted by 30:1 (as you have yourself also
                implied a few messages back)</b><o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><b><br>
                <br>
                <br>
              </b><o:p></o:p></p>
            <div>
              <div>
                <div>
                  <div>
                    <div>
                      <div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
                      </div>
                      <div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">>>This
                            deduction raises the reported fuel
                            efficiency.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
                      </div>
                    </div>
                    <div>
                      <div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal"><b>>[RWL:  For small
                            amounts of char it makes the
                            reported efficiency more accurate.  </b><o:p></o:p></p>
                      </div>
                      <div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal"><b><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""> </span></b><o:p></o:p></p>
                      </div>
                      <div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">No,
                            it mis-reports the metric that claims to
                            represent the fuel consumption. The more
                            char you make, the greater the
                            misrepresentation of the fuel economy.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
                      </div>
                    </div>
                  </div>
                </div>
              </div>
            </div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><span class="apple-tab-span">           
              </span><b>[RWL13’:  That is your belief on “<i>mis-reports/misrepresentation”</i>.
                The rest of the world seems to believe the CDF/WBT is
                the best/only equation around - especially for
                establishing tiers.  </b><o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><span class="apple-tab-span"><b>           
                </b></span><b>And I support the tier structure as
                being important at this early point in (possibly) moving
                to standards.  Please tell us how you feel about tiers.</b><o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><span class="apple-tab-span">           
              </span><br>
              <br>
              <br>
              <o:p></o:p></p>
            <div>
              <div>
                <div>
                  <div>
                    <div>
                      <div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
                      </div>
                      <div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal"><b>>It undervalues the
                            overall (more than heat transfer)
                            efficiency of stoves that are trying to make
                            char.</b><o:p></o:p></p>
                      </div>
                      <div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
                      </div>
                      <div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">You
                            are correct on this point insofar as the
                            formula does indeed calculate the heat
                            transfer efficiency (or a reasonable proxy
                            of it). I am not cure why you have
                            contradicted your earlier points above.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
                      </div>
                    </div>
                  </div>
                </div>
              </div>
            </div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><span class="apple-tab-span">           
              </span><b>[RWL14’:  I see no contradiction.  Perhaps you
                are not reading closely enough.    I presume “cure”
                should be “sure” - but maybe there is something else
                possible here.   </b><o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><span class="apple-tab-span"><b>           
                </b></span><b>Please expand on “reasonable proxy”.</b><o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><span class="apple-tab-span"><b>           
                </b></span><b>The great point here is that we are in
                agreement on what the CDF is doing.  I did not expect
                this sentence.</b><o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><b><br>
                <br>
                <br>
              </b><o:p></o:p></p>
            <div>
              <div>
                <div>
                  <div>
                    <div>
                      <div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
                      </div>
                      <div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">>>Are
                            you OK with that as the result?</span><o:p></o:p></p>
                      </div>
                    </div>
                    <div>
                      <div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal"><b>[RWL:  Marginally.  
                            Only in the tier heat rating sense.</b><o:p></o:p></p>
                      </div>
                      <div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
                      </div>
                      <div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">So
                            having the wrong answer is not an issue as
                            long as the heat transfer efficiency tiers
                            are not changed? Did you ever buy a product
                            based on the heat transfer efficiency?</span><o:p></o:p></p>
                      </div>
                    </div>
                  </div>
                </div>
              </div>
            </div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><span class="apple-tab-span">           
              </span><b>[RWL15’:  Of course getting a wrong answer is an
                issue.   That is why I am willing to argue with you (and
                will continue to do so).  Your view oj the unimportance
                of char needs to be fought.   Yes - I have bought many
                products on the basis of heat transfer efficiency -
                thank god that the EPA has provided those numbers.</b><o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><b><br>
                <br>
                <br>
              </b><o:p></o:p></p>
            <div>
              <div>
                <div>
                  <div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span class="apple-tab-span">           </span><span
                          class="apple-converted-space"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                  </div>
                  <div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span class="apple-tab-span">></span><b>Example:
                            If energy into the boiling water and
                          charcoal each are one-third, then the sum of
                          all inefficiencies MUST also be one-third.  </b><o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">That
                          is incorrect. Please read on.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                  </div>
                </div>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div>
              <p class="MsoNormal"><span class="apple-tab-span">           
                </span><b>[RWL16’:  If my value of 1/3 is incorrect, it
                  would seem incumbent on someone claiming so to give us
                  the right answer.  Good lord!  I do not see a
                  corrected answer below.</b><o:p></o:p></p>
            </div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><span class="apple-tab-span">           
              </span><br>
              <br>
              <br>
              <o:p></o:p></p>
            <div>
              <div>
                <div>
                  <div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><b><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""> </span></b><o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><b>>You argue for a heat
                          transfer efficiency of 1/3 (dropping all
                          consideration of the char).  </b><o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">No,
                          I argue that the cooking efficiency is 1/3.
                          Please correct your misunderstanding.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                  </div>
                </div>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div>
              <p class="MsoNormal"><span class="apple-tab-span">           
                </span><b>[RWL17’:  This exchange, from my perspective,
                  is about tiers, which are based on this CDF equation.
                   I see no “<i>misunderstanding”</i> on my part to
                  correct.   And if I have a “m<i>isunderstanding”, </i>it
                  seems to be widely shared.   <i> </i> </b><o:p></o:p></p>
            </div>
            <div>
              <p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
            </div>
            <div>
              <p class="MsoNormal"><span class="apple-tab-span"><b>           
                  </b></span><b>I repeat that I see none or very few on
                  your side of any part of this argument.  Since you are
                  not convincing me, I invite someone else to explain it
                  better,</b><o:p></o:p></p>
            </div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><br>
              <br>
              <br>
              <o:p></o:p></p>
            <div>
              <div>
                <div>
                  <div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><b>>The “denominator
                          equation” (used by everyone but yourself as
                          near as I can determine) says the “heat
                          transfer efficiency” is  (1/3)/(1-1/3) = (1/3)
                          / (2/3) = 1/2.    </b><o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><b><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""> </span></b><o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">First,
                          virtually no one outside the USA uses this
                          formula in any official capacity (CDM/Gold
                          Standard excepted) , and within the USA it is
                          shunned for regulatory purposes by the EPA.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                  </div>
                </div>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div>
              <p class="MsoNormal"><span class="apple-tab-span">           
                </span><b>RWL18’:  I ask for a citation for this <i>“shunned”
                  </i>statement<i> </i>.  John Mitchell and Jim Jetter
                  (both of EPA) strongly support this CDF equation - as
                  well as everyone else I have queried.</b><o:p></o:p></p>
            </div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><br>
              <br>
              <br>
              <o:p></o:p></p>
            <div>
              <div>
                <div>
                  <div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">Second,
                          that is how to calculate the heat transfer
                          efficiency, not the cooking efficiency.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                  </div>
                </div>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div>
              <p class="MsoNormal"><span class="apple-tab-span">           
                </span><b>[RWL19’:  I have found nothing in the
                  literature on the WBT  (I again recommend 4 cites by
                  Jim Jetter that a I gave a week or so ago), to say the
                  equation in question should be called a “cooking
                  efficiency”.  I see no reason to start calling the CDF
                  equation in question a “cooking” equation - and again
                  note that you have earlier called this equation a heat
                  transfer efficiency equation.  Your <i>“cooking
                    efficiency”</i> equation is already being used and
                  reported.  It would help this dialog a lot if you
                  would explain how your preference on reporting can
                  help with tiers.</b><o:p></o:p></p>
            </div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><br>
              <br>
              <br>
              <o:p></o:p></p>
            <div>
              <div>
                <div>
                  <div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><b>>I can live with this,
                          but I also think it important to say that the
                          inefficiency is NOT also 1/2.  </b><o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">The
                          formula does not calculate an inefficiency, it
                          calculates the heat transfer efficiency. The
                          heat transfer efficiency is not useful for
                          calculating fuel savings.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                  </div>
                </div>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div>
              <p class="MsoNormal"><span class="apple-tab-span">           
                </span><b>[RWL20’:  In the EE world I have inhabited for
                  quite a few decades, efficiencies are the ONLY way “<i>for calculating
                    fuel savings”.  </i>I hope you can show us a method
                  for avoiding that term/quantity.</b><o:p></o:p></p>
            </div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><br>
              <br>
              <br>
              <o:p></o:p></p>
            <div>
              <div>
                <div>
                  <div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><b>>The
                          overall efficiency, when one is trying to
                          produce char, is 1/3 +1/3 = 2/3.  This last is
                          clearly NOT the “heat transfer efficiency”</b><o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><b><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""> </span></b><o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">Correct.
                          It is not the heat transfer efficiency. It
                          does not have a name as you are adding the
                          cooking efficiency to the % of energy in the
                          original fuel that was not burned. As I
                          pointed out to you and Paul, this metric is
                          non-standard and does not have a name.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                  </div>
                </div>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div>
              <p class="MsoNormal"><span class="apple-tab-span">           
                </span><b>[RWL21’:  I see no problem with calling
                  this “2/3” number the “overall efficiency”.  I dispute
                  that this metric is “non-standard”, as  it is the ONLY
                  way to get the inefficiency value (here of magnitude
                  1/3).</b><o:p></o:p></p>
            </div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><br>
              <br>
              <br>
              <o:p></o:p></p>
            <div>
              <div>
                <div>
                  <div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><b>>but the
                          overall efficiency should be reported as well
                          if we are trying to promote more valuable
                          stoves, and it is not being reported.</b><o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">What
                          do you consider to be the ‘overall
                          efficiency’?</span><o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                  </div>
                </div>
              </div>
            </div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><span class="apple-tab-span">           
              </span><b>[RWL22’:  I think you are not reading carefully
                enough.  it is 2/3 in this example.</b><o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><b><br>
                <br>
                <br>
              </b><o:p></o:p></p>
            <div>
              <div>
                <div>
                  <div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><b><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""> </span></b><o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                  </div>
                  <div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal">><b>Now the reverse
                          question -  WHY are YOU so unhappy with the
                          subtraction in the denominator?  </b><o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">Because
                          as applied in the WBT (all versions) it gives
                          a misleading number which is used to calculate
                          the relative fuel savings of stoves, comparing
                          them with a baseline product. It gives the
                          wrong answer. You indicated above that while
                          the cooking efficiency is 1/3 and the WBT
                          reports it to be ½, you are OK with that
                          misrepresentation. I am not.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                  </div>
                </div>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div>
              <p class="MsoNormal"><span class="apple-tab-span">           
                </span>[<b>RWL23’:  You continue to avoid the “why”
                  question.  It is not enough to call it “<i>misleading</i>”
                  or a “<i>misrepresentation</i>”.  A lot of
                  knowledgeable people have concluded that tiers
                  are appropriate at this time for improved stoves and
                  this CDF equation is the right/only one.  You offer no
                  alternative.</b><o:p></o:p></p>
            </div>
            <div>
              <p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
            </div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><br>
              <br>
              <br>
              <o:p></o:p></p>
            <div>
              <div>
                <div>
                  <div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><b><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""> </span></b><o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><b>>Is it your
                          opinion that this char production was an
                          inefficiency?    </b><o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><b><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""> </span></b><o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">In
                          standard terms char production is reported as
                          a % of the dry fuel input. Where it is not a
                          desired product, it is a mechanical loss.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                  </div>
                </div>
              </div>
            </div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><span class="apple-tab-span">           
              </span><b>[RWL24’:  Now we have gotten to the bottom of
                the issue.  For you, char is NOT a “<i>desired product”.
                    </i> Pity.    But consistent with every other
                comment over at least a decade on the relationships
                between you and charcoal.   </b><o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><span class="apple-tab-span"><b>           
                </b></span><b>I see no reason to call char a “mechanical
                loss” - neither mechanical nor loss.</b><o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><b><br>
                <br>
                <br>
              </b><o:p></o:p></p>
            <div>
              <div>
                <div>
                  <div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><b>>You have expressed
                          great unhappiness with the “denominator
                          equation”, but I don’t recall ever seeing a
                          reason.  </b><o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><b><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""> </span></b><o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">Then
                          you have not been reading my posts.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                  </div>
                </div>
              </div>
            </div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><span class="apple-tab-span">           
              </span><b>[RWL25’ :  Obviously I have been reading your
                posts - primarily to protect char-making.    I contend
                that you have again not given a reason other than your
                (much-disputed) put down on char.</b><o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><b><br>
                <br>
                <br>
              </b><o:p></o:p></p>
            <div>
              <div>
                <div>
                  <div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><b>>The purpose
                          of including a char term in the denominator is
                          NOT to say anything about char - it is to get
                          at the POTENTIAL heat transfer efficiency.  </b><o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">There
                          is no such metric as the ‘potential heat
                          transfer efficiency’ except to say that it is
                          always 100%, until the stove is tested.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                  </div>
                </div>
              </div>
            </div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><span class="apple-tab-span">           
              </span><b>[RWL26’:   Yup - 100% IS possible -  as soon as
                we find a way to eliminate losses via
                conduction, radiation, and convection (and char-making).
                 Are you sure you want to hang your full argument on
                dismissing the CDF (your term - see above) based on this
                100% absurdity.</b><o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><b><br>
                <br>
                <br>
              </b><o:p></o:p></p>
            <div>
              <div>
                <div>
                  <div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><b><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""> </span></b><o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><b>>To repeat - too many
                          will think that char-making stoves are much
                          less efficient than they really are.</b><o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">When
                          it comes to fuel efficiency, char making
                          stoves are usually much less fuel-efficient
                          than stoves that burn all the char. As usual,
                          you are looking for some way to over-report
                          the fuel efficiency by pretending the char is
                          unburned ‘fuel’.<span
                            class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                  </div>
                </div>
              </div>
            </div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><span class="apple-tab-span">           
              </span><b>[RWL27’:  First sentence not true (relative to “<i>much
                  less”);</i>  many of the EPA tests are showing BOTH a
                fuel saving and char production.  You were in such
                a discussion yesterday with Paul Anderson.</b><o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><span class="apple-tab-span"><b>           
                </b></span><b>Re second sentence,  I have been
                consistently saying that the CDF under-reports.  If I
                had my way I would base tiers on the “Overall” (i.e.
                2/3 efficiency value).  </b><o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><span class="apple-tab-span"><b>           
                </b></span><b>I see very few people agreeing with you
                that the CDF <i>“over-reports</i>” anything.  I think
                you are again here repeating that char “<i>is not
                  a desired product”.</i></b><o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><b><br>
                <br>
                <br>
              </b><o:p></o:p></p>
            <div>
              <div>
                <div>
                  <div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">Then,
                          you plan to bury the char in the ground
                          (proving it was not ‘fuel’ after all) to
                          accomplish what others call ‘sequestering
                          carbon’.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                  </div>
                </div>
              </div>
            </div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><span class="apple-tab-span">           
              </span><b>[RWL28’:  I think I have been clear on that -
                as means of both helping stove users and of being an
                important start at much larger CDR (carbon dioxide
                removal) - what I consider to be the world’s #1 problem.
                  Thanks for bringing </b><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""> <i>‘sequestering
                  carbon’</i>  </span><b>into the dialog.  But you are
                missing the soil benefits - of huge benefit to
                all potential char-making stove users.</b><o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><b><br>
              </b><br>
              <br>
              <br>
              <o:p></o:p></p>
            <div>
              <div>
                <div>
                  <div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">Using
                          your example above:</span><o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">Cooking
                          efficiency: 1/3</span><o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">Char
                          energy retention, based on the recoverable
                          mass of the solid residue: 1/3</span><o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                  </div>
                </div>
              </div>
            </div>
            <blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
              <div>
                <div>
                  <div>
                    <div>
                      <div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">Heat
                            transfer efficiency: 2/3</span><o:p></o:p></p>
                      </div>
                    </div>
                  </div>
                </div>
              </div>
            </blockquote>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><span class="apple-tab-span">           
              </span>[<b>RWL29’:   What would you call the CDF
                equation result of 1/2?  </b><o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><span class="apple-tab-span"><b>           
                </b></span><b> Also,  I see no way that your
                number “2/3” can be called a heat transfer efficiency.
                 In the future,  much of this valued (for
                soil improvement purposes) char will be going into the
                ground.  Why should it be called “heat transfer
                efficiency?  (I used the term heat transfer efficiency
                [1/2] because it is NOT the value of 2/3 (which you are
                [surprisingly] using).</b><o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><b><br>
                <br>
                <br>
              </b><o:p></o:p></p>
            <div>
              <div>
                <div>
                  <div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">Two
                          stoves both have a cooking efficiency of 1/3.
                          One of them makes some measurable amount of
                          char. Applying the WBT formula raises the<span
                            class="apple-converted-space"> </span>reported<span
                            class="apple-converted-space"> </span>cooking
                          efficiency (not the actual cooking
                          efficiency). The actual cooking efficiency
                          shows that both stoves require exactly same
                          amount of raw fuel to cook. </span><o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                  </div>
                </div>
              </div>
            </div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><span class="apple-tab-span">           
              </span><b>[RWL30’:  I disagree with your second sentence.
                 The WBT formula does NOT raise <i>“the reported cooking
                  efficiency”.</i></b><o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><span class="apple-tab-span"><b><i>           
                  </i></b></span><b>You continue to avoid the concept of
                tiers - which can’t possibly be developed with anything
                related to your term “cooking efficiency”.</b><o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><b><br>
                <br>
                <br>
              </b><o:p></o:p></p>
            <div>
              <div>
                <div>
                  <div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">Applying
                          the WBT formula one finds that the char-making
                          stove </span><span
                          class="apple-converted-space"><span
style="font-size:11.5pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">disclaimed</span></span><span
                          class="apple-converted-space"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""> </span></span><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">to
                          require less fuel to complete the cooking
                          task.<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                  </div>
                </div>
              </div>
            </div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><b>       [RWL31’:   NO.  It says that
                IF char (valuable its own right) had not been produced,
                then more heat would have been transferred (or more
                cooking).  This is independent of whether the char
                amount was small or large, intentional of
                unintentional. </b><o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><span class="apple-tab-span"><b>           
                </b></span><b>I don’t understand the term “disclaimed”.
                 Was this supposed to be “is claimed”?</b><o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><b><br>
                <br>
                <br>
              </b><o:p></o:p></p>
            <div>
              <div>
                <div>
                  <div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">That
                          claim is false. People are being induced to
                          pay for a reduction in fuel use on the basis
                          of the WBT calculation. They are being
                          defrauded with false claims of fuel saving. I
                          don’t believe you are ‘OK’ with this
                          situation.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                  </div>
                </div>
              </div>
            </div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><span class="apple-tab-span">           
              </span><b>[RWL32’:   I suggest, with your “<i>don’t
                  believe</i>”, that you aren’t paying attention to what
                I am saying.   I repeat for the benefit of you
                and anyone reading this that I AM <i>“OK” with this
                  situation.”   </i>I thank the (mostly)
                volunteers working on every part of this ISO exercise.  </b><o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><span class="apple-tab-span"><b>           
                </b></span><b>Aside:  In about an hour, I will be
                listening in on an announced two hour call on the WG3
                work product (for field testing) - where this same
                equation  will be discussed and (presumably) endorsed.
                 This is NOT a topic related only to the WBT.</b><o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><b>Ron<br>
                <br>
                <br>
              </b><o:p></o:p></p>
            <div>
              <div>
                <div>
                  <div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">Regards</span><o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">Crispin</span><o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                  </div>
                </div>
              </div>
              <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:13.5pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"">_______________________________________________<br>
                  Stoves mailing list<br>
                  <br>
                  to Send a Message to the list, use the email address<br>
                </span><a moz-do-not-send="true"
                  href="mailto:stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org"><span
style="font-size:13.5pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:purple">stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org</span></a><span
style="font-size:13.5pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif""><br>
                  <br>
                  to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List Settings use the
                  web page<br>
                </span><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/stoves_lists.bioenergylists.org"><span
style="font-size:13.5pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:purple">http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/stoves_lists.bioenergylists.org</span></a><span
style="font-size:13.5pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif""><br>
                  <br>
                  for more Biomass Cooking Stoves,  News and Information
                  see our web site:<br>
                </span><a moz-do-not-send="true"
                  href="http://stoves.bioenergylists.org/"><span
style="font-size:13.5pt;line-height:106%;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:purple">http://stoves.bioenergylists.org/</span></a><o:p></o:p></p>
            </div>
          </div>
          <p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
          <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:normal"><br>
            <br>
            <br>
            <o:p></o:p></p>
          <pre>_______________________________________________<o:p></o:p></pre>
          <pre>Stoves mailing list<o:p></o:p></pre>
          <pre><o:p> </o:p></pre>
          <pre>to Send a Message to the list, use the email address<o:p></o:p></pre>
          <pre><a moz-do-not-send="true" href="mailto:stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org">stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org</a><o:p></o:p></pre>
          <pre><o:p> </o:p></pre>
          <pre>to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List Settings use the web page<o:p></o:p></pre>
          <pre><a moz-do-not-send="true" href="http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/stoves_lists.bioenergylists.org">http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/stoves_lists.bioenergylists.org</a><o:p></o:p></pre>
          <pre><o:p> </o:p></pre>
          <pre>for more Biomass Cooking Stoves,  News and Information see our web site:<o:p></o:p></pre>
          <pre><a moz-do-not-send="true" href="http://stoves.bioenergylists.org/">http://stoves.bioenergylists.org/</a><o:p></o:p></pre>
          <pre><o:p> </o:p></pre>
        </blockquote>
        <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:normal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
      </div>
      <br>
      <fieldset class="mimeAttachmentHeader"></fieldset>
      <br>
      <pre wrap="">_______________________________________________
Stoves mailing list

to Send a Message to the list, use the email address
<a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org">stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org</a>

to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List Settings use the web page
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/stoves_lists.bioenergylists.org">http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/stoves_lists.bioenergylists.org</a>

for more Biomass Cooking Stoves,  News and Information see our web site:
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://stoves.bioenergylists.org/">http://stoves.bioenergylists.org/</a>

</pre>
    </blockquote>
    <br>
  </body>
</html>