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Kirk and Crispin,<br>
<br>
Kirk might want to reply to your comment about the killing impact of
air pollution. <br>
<br>
I note that "ari pollution kills...." is not specific to "air
pollution from cookstoves kills..." Article says the indoor
pollution causes about half of the impact.<br>
<br>
To me, seeing this as an "op-ed" comment in a leading newspaper
shows that the pro-LPG people are good at using the media. I need
to learn from them, and utilize the forces of the media to show
realistic alternatives to billion dollar subsidies. That will make
the news. <br>
<br>
Paul<br>
<pre class="moz-signature" cols="72">Doc / Dr TLUD / Prof. Paul S. Anderson, PhD
Email: <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:psanders@ilstu.edu">psanders@ilstu.edu</a>
Skype: paultlud Phone: +1-309-452-7072
Website: <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="http://www.drtlud.com">www.drtlud.com</a></pre>
<div class="moz-cite-prefix">On 2/17/2017 10:46 PM, Crispin
Pemberton-Pigott wrote:<br>
</div>
<blockquote
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<div class="WordSection1">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="color:windowtext;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Dear
Paul<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="color:windowtext;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="color:windowtext;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Here is
the first line of the article:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="color:windowtext;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="color:windowtext;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">“Air
pollution kills more Indians than any other risk factor with
estimates ranging from 15 to 20 lakh premature deaths
annually.”<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="color:windowtext;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="color:windowtext;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">So right
from the start there is misrepresentation of what is
happening. Air pollution kills = air pollution contributes
to premature deaths.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="color:windowtext;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="color:windowtext;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Could
you think of a sneakier way to induce the public to think
that a life shortened, a ‘premature death’ is a death
directly caused by air pollution?<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="color:windowtext;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="color:windowtext;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Kirk
wrote this? Come on Kirk, surely this is beneath you!<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="color:windowtext;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="color:windowtext;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Crispin<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="color:windowtext;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="color:windowtext;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="color:windowtext;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Dear Stovers,<br>
<br>
I received the message below because I am subscribed to the
Google Groups <a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="mailto:stove@lists.berkeley.edu">
"stove@lists.berkeley.edu"</a> group. I thank Kirk Smith
for providing this.<br>
<br>
A few key points:<br>
1. India on track for 50 million LPG stoves for BOP (base of
pyramid) households by 2019. (Previously reported cost to
be US$1 billion.)<br>
<br>
2. <span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:14.0pt" lang="EN">Discussions
are on to double the target for early next decade. This
would mean a remarkable enhancement of clean kitchens for
hundreds of millions of people.
</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt">That would
probably be another billion dollars of government subsidy.
That would be a total of 100 Million LPG stoves for the BOP
population, which the article notes to be about 200 million
households burning solid fuels. Therefore, with full success
the LPG efforts could accomplish half of the need. What
about the other half? (My answer is TLUD woodgas stoves (gas
burners that make there gases from dry biomass, analogous to
biogas stoves with gas from wet biomass).)<br>
<br>
3. From "chit chat" messages from India, I have heard <br>
A. of LPG stoves not being used because of distance to get a
refill of the tank (and of course the gas is not free).<o:p></o:p></p>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal">B. people with the subsidized
tank-refills selling them for a profit to restaurants that
would pay substantially more to refill their tanks at the
commercial level. (and possible kick-backs to the people
who are hired to prevent such dealings.) That is only
hearsay from a couple of sources, so do not quote it as
proven. Illegal actions are difficult to document, for
obvious reasons.).<br>
<br>
4. I do not know how much LPG India has and can continually
produce for how many years. Any data would be
apprreciated. Might be abundant, and might actually help
the most accessable half of India's BOP households. But LPG
is a limited fossil-fuel resource that does contribute to
atmospheric CO2 increase. In contrast the TLUD woodgas
stoves (gas burners, not stick burners) use renewable fuels
and can even become carbon-negative when charcoal is
collected and buried as biochar. And at a fraction of the
billions of dollars that are going to the LPG industry.<br>
<br>
REQUEST: Can anyone help get this message to any decision
makers in India? I would like to have a fair hearing
about this (about the TLUD woodgas stoves, not about the LPG
aspects, for which the LPG lobby already has its support
lined up.)<br>
<br>
Paul<br>
<br>
-------- Forwarded Message -------- <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:right"
align="right"><b>Subject: <o:p></o:p></b></p>
</td>
<td style="padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm">
<p class="MsoNormal">[stove and climate] Timely op-ed<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm" nowrap="nowrap"
valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:right"
align="right"><b>Date: <o:p></o:p></b></p>
</td>
<td style="padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm">
<p class="MsoNormal">Fri, 17 Feb 2017 06:17:04 -0800<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm" nowrap="nowrap"
valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:right"
align="right"><b>From: <o:p></o:p></b></p>
</td>
<td style="padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm"><br>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm" nowrap="nowrap"
valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:right"
align="right"><b>To: <o:p></o:p></b></p>
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</td>
</tr>
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</table>
<p class="MsoNormal"><br>
<br>
<br>
<span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New
Roman",serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-line-height-alt:15.0pt"><span
style="font-size:16.0pt" lang="EN">0p-ed in Indian
Express, one of India’s national newspapers, Feb 17, 2017</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-line-height-alt:15.0pt"><span
style="font-size:16.0pt" lang="EN"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p
style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;vertical-align:baseline"><span
style="font-size:16.0pt;color:#484848" lang="EN">This
proposed program, Ujjwala-Mamta, meaning bright
motherhood, is proposed to be a follow on or supplement
to the highly successful
</span><span
style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Cambria",serif"
lang="EN-IN">Pradham Mantri Ujjwala Yojana program started
last May, which has already provided LPG connections to 17
million poor households and is on track to achieve a goal
of 50 million by 2019. This on top of the 12.5 million
from the Give it Up campaign from the year before. Now
we need to find ways to focus on enhancing usage among the
most vulnerable, such as pregnant women./k</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-line-height-alt:15.0pt"><span
style="font-size:16.0pt" lang="EN"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;line-height:37.5pt;background:white"><b><span
style="font-size:34.0pt" lang="EN">The pollution in
the house</span></b><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;line-height:19.5pt;background:white"><span
style="font-size:15.0pt" lang="EN">Petroleum and health
ministries need to push access to LPG, promote its use.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:15.0pt"><span
style="font-size:14.0pt" lang="EN">Written by
<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://indianexpress.com/profile/columnist/kirk-r-smith/"><b><span
style="color:#A32020;text-decoration:none">Kirk R.
Smith</span></b></a> and
<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://indianexpress.com/profile/columnist/ambuj-d-sagar/"><b><span
style="color:#A32020;text-decoration:none">Ambuj D.
Sagar</span></b></a> , Indian Express, Feb 17, 2017</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:15.0pt"><span
style="font-size:14.0pt" lang="EN"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-bottom:15.0pt;line-height:14.25pt"><span
style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Roboto;color:#747474"><img
style="width:7.9083in;height:4.45in"
id="Picture_x0020_1"
src="cid:part4.C48F4337.0FAA4F53@ilstu.edu" alt="LPG,
LPG use, LPG usage, air pollution, pollution, cooking
gas, cooking fuel, cooking pollution, ministry of
petroleum and natural gas, LPG connection, JSSK
programme, reduce pollution, indian express news, india
news, indian express opinion" height="427" border="0"
width="759"></span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Roboto;color:#747474"
lang="EN">An LPG connection is a necessary first step, but
there is need to ensure usage as well</span><span
style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Roboto;color:#747474"
lang="EN">.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;line-height:21.0pt"><span
style="font-size:14.0pt" lang="EN">Air pollution kills
more Indians than any other risk factor with estimates
ranging from 15 to 20 lakh premature deaths annually.
Although outdoor air pollution garners most public
attention, it is well-known in health circles that
pollution from chulhas is about half of the problem
because people in households are directly exposed to such
pollution. It is less well-understood, however, that the
two are linked: One of the reasons India has such bad
outdoor air pollution is that nearly 200 million
households are still burning biomass every day for
cooking. Solving the household dirty fuel problem will
also help reduce the outdoor air problem, although not
solve it on its own.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;line-height:21.0pt"><span
style="font-size:14.0pt" lang="EN">Although reducing
outdoor air pollution remains difficult for Indian
policymakers given the multiplicity of sources involved,
the country is making major strides in addressing
household air pollution. First with the Give it Up scheme
and now with the Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana (PMUY)
programme, the Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas
(MoPNG) has targeted 5 crore BPL households to be
connected to LPG by 2019, a massive increase in the rate
of uptake by historical and global standards. Discussions
are on to double the target for early next decade. This
would mean a remarkable enhancement of clean kitchens for
hundreds of millions of people. But accomplishing the
project will involve major challenges.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;line-height:21.0pt"><span
style="font-size:14.0pt" lang="EN">An LPG connection is a
necessary first step, but there is need to ensure usage as
well. An LPG connection alone does not help health much if
the cylinder and stove sit unused in a corner, and are
used occasionally for making tea. A near-full transition
to LPG as the main cookfuel is needed to stop the
household and ambient pollution from traditional biomass
use. Although experience from all over the world shows
that gas is a superior and aspirational fuel and that
households can reasonably be expected to eventually shift
to using it, there has not been much experience in
creating the incentives for poor households to move
quickly through the transition. Cost is certainly an
issue, but for hundreds of millions in India, other issues
are also important, such as reliable and rapid access to
refills, clear messaging around health, and changes in
community expectations.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;line-height:21.0pt"><span
style="font-size:14.0pt" lang="EN">The health sector has
long dealt with these issues. It does no good just to give
people access to latrines, condoms, birth facilities, and
vaccines, if no one uses them. As with LPG, access is
essential, but that is just the beginning to secure health
benefits. Thus, in the next stages of the LPG programme
there would be real advantage if the two sectors,
petroleum and health, were to work together to make sure
LPG makes its full contribution of health — the former to
provide access and the latter to help ensure usage.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;line-height:21.0pt"><span
style="font-size:14.0pt" lang="EN">One arena with which
India’s health sector has good experience is conditional
cash transfer (CCT) or the provision of cash incentives
for specific behaviours that promote health in vulnerable
groups — one such project is the Shishu Suraksha Karyakram
(JSSK) programme among poor pregnant women. It has
recently been expanded under the Pregnancy Aid Yojana
scheme to provide a minimum of Rs 6,000 in incentives for
healthy practices during pregnancy in poor households.
There are risks with this approach, of course, but it
works well if the funds are reserved for producing
highly-effective behavioural changes that do not result in
long-term financial commitments and, importantly, are
transferred directly to the women’s bank accounts where
they are most likely to be used for the benefit of the
household.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;line-height:21.0pt"><span
style="font-size:14.0pt" lang="EN">There is a parallel
opportunity for LPG use — to initiate a sub-programme of
the PMUY that focuses on providing not only LPG
connections but refills during pregnancy to all
biomass-using households. The impact on birth weight and
other adverse birth outcomes for a pregnant woman using
biomass has been established in several studies in India;
a recent study in Africa shows reduction in hypertension
in pregnancy with clean fuel use. Thus the Rs 1,800 or so
that the LPG would cost during a pregnancy to maximise the
reduction in biomass smoke looks to be well worth the cost
for the country. The project could be supported by the
ugraded JSSK programme.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;line-height:21.0pt"><span
style="font-size:14.0pt" lang="EN">Such a joint effort
between MoPNG and the Ministry of Health and Family
Welfare (MoHFW) to promote the health and well-being of
poor pregnant women — and by extension, their newborn
children — could serve as a model for future collaborative
efforts that might be undertaken by the MoHFW to address
other pressing sources of air pollution. Such innovative
partnerships are required to address India’s complex
development challenges.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="line-height:16.5pt;background:#F6F6F6"><span
style="font-size:16.0pt" lang="EN">Smith is professor of
global environmental health at the University of
California, Berkeley and Sagar is Vipula and Mahesh
Chaturvedi Professor of Policy Studies at IIT Delhi</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
<div style="border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext
1.0pt;padding:0cm 0cm 1.0pt 0cm">
<p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal">-----------------------------------------------------------<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Kirk R. Smith, MPH, PhD <<a
moz-do-not-send="true" href="mailto:krksmith@berkeley.edu"><span
style="color:blue">krksmith@berkeley.edu</span></a>><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Professor of Global Environmental Heath<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Chair, Graduate Group in Environmental
Health Sciences<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Director, Global Health and Environment
Program<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">School of Public Health<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">747 University Hall<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">University of California <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Berkeley, CA 94720-7360<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">510-643-0793 (fax: 642-5810)<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.kirkrsmith.org/"><span style="color:blue">http://www.kirkrsmith.org/</span></a><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New
Roman",serif">--
<br>
You received this message because you are subscribed to
the Google Groups <a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="mailto:stove@lists.berkeley.edu">
"stove@lists.berkeley.edu"</a> group.<br>
To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails
from it, send an email to
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