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Julien and all,<br>
<br>
If you want the pressed biomass to be of appropriate size for use in
TLUD stoves, consider this:<br>
<br>
As the extruded "log" exits the press, they are hot and can be
broken off into short lengths, similiar to hockey pucks. Do this
by hitting them when at the desired length. You might need to
change the length of the noozle or "tray" where the logs exit the
machine. If that works and gives a desired result in the TLUD, the
hitting can be mechanized very easily.<br>
<br>
Paul<br>
<pre class="moz-signature" cols="72">Doc / Dr TLUD / Prof. Paul S. Anderson, PhD
Email: <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:psanders@ilstu.edu">psanders@ilstu.edu</a>
Skype: paultlud Phone: +1-309-452-7072
Website: <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="http://www.drtlud.com">www.drtlud.com</a></pre>
<div class="moz-cite-prefix">On 3/6/2017 9:03 PM, Julien Winter
wrote:<br>
</div>
<blockquote
cite="mid:CALv4xTzX+WgAeT2PGnD=dY3wOvDD9uNx2F3_qJwCnc8dvqCQJQ@mail.gmail.com"
type="cite">
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charset=windows-1252">
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<div>
<div>Hi All;<br>
<br>
</div>
Screw presses for rice hulls are broadly distributed
throughout Bangladesh, although the briquettes don't
make up a large part of the total fuel supply.
There is a short video of one here:<br>
<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://youtu.be/7mkr1k5EHZk">https://youtu.be/7mkr1k5EHZk</a><br>
<br>
</div>
The rice hulls are heated to about 250 to 300 °C to
soften lignin as a binder. This also partially
torrifies the hulls.<br>
<br>
</div>
The resulting briquette is about 10 cm in diameter and
100 cm long, with a 2 cm diameter hole up the middle.
Broken into large pieces of 1-3 cm size, they burn in a
ND-TLUD. They burn a little like coal, and they do make
"biochar" (there is a picture here: <a
moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.biochar-bangladesh.org/">http://www.biochar-bangladesh.org/</a>)<br>
<br>
</div>
The screw that compresses the hulls last about 20 hours,
before they become too worn down by abrasion from silica
in the hulls. However, they are easily reconditioned by
local welders who rebuild the threads with hard steel
alloy welding rod.<br>
<br>
</div>
The question is, what can be done with all that rice straw?<br>
<br>
</div>
Cheers,<br>
</div>
Julien.<br>
</div>
<div class="gmail_extra"><br>
<div class="gmail_quote">On Mon, Mar 6, 2017 at 9:28 PM, Crispin
Pemberton-Pigott <span dir="ltr"><<a
moz-do-not-send="true"
href="mailto:crispinpigott@outlook.com" target="_blank">crispinpigott@outlook.com</a>></span>
wrote:<br>
<blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0
.8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
<div link="blue" vlink="purple" lang="EN-CA">
<div class="m_-8852561828703860863WordSection1">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">Dear
Friends</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">I
put the question about the rice hull pellets to Dr
Yuguang Zhou. He says the equipment is damaged
continuously by the silica in the rice hull. It is
much better used as a gasifier feedstock. The
gasification rate is about 95% and the ash can be
returned directly to the field as it has a high
bioavailability.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">Regards<span
class="HOEnZb"><font color="#888888"><br>
Crispin</font></span></span></p>
<div>
<div class="h5">
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"
lang="EN-US"> </span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"> </span></p>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal">Julien: cc list and others</p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"> </p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
class="m_-8852561828703860863apple-tab-span">
</span>Nice work. Thanks for your involvement.</p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"> </p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
class="m_-8852561828703860863apple-tab-span">
</span>There may be an opportunity to use ocean
biomass for your cook stoves. Michael Hayes
(cc’d) has a long analytical history on
combining ocean biomass and biochar. Bangladesh
could be the ideal lead country in this aspect
of shortages for both biomass stoves and
biochar.</p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"> </p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
class="m_-8852561828703860863apple-tab-span">
</span>See few inserts below.</p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"> </p>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal"> </p>
<div>
<blockquote
style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal">On Mar 6, 2017, at 9:49
AM, Julien Winter <<a
moz-do-not-send="true"
href="mailto:winter.julien@gmail.com"
target="_blank">winter.julien@gmail.com</a>>
wrote:</p>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal"> </p>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-bottom:12.0pt">Hi
Folks;</p>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-bottom:12.0pt">Thanks
for all your comments.</p>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-bottom:12.0pt">Bangladesh
has some challenges with its population
density, and pending sea-level rise.
<br>
<br>
However, it is great place for making
collegial partnerships. People tend to
work and cooperate together much more
than they do in North America. This
applies to the university educated
professionals in the cities, and farmers
in the countryside. If you have a GOOD
IDEA, people are please to listen, and
get involved. There are leading farmers
who are eager to experiment with
biochar. If you want to help them adapt
and develop it, great. You do have to
be on guard for unscrupulous business
people.</p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal">What does exist in
the countryside is something called "NGO
fatigue." Outside people coming in
with an ill suited idea that they try to
impose. Then they go away. Villagers
see what they can get for free from
foreign NGOs, so you may be greeted with
enthusiasm, but you may not be taken
seriously. <br>
</p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-bottom:12.0pt">I am
fortunate, because a local NGO, called
the Christian Commission for Development
in Bangladesh (CCDB), took an early
interest in biochar, and invited me to
explain it in 2013. Out of that was
born the Bangladesh Biochar Initiative.
</p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-bottom:12.0pt">CCDB was
founded in 1972, and has a network of
compounds ("campuses") across the
country. They have a very competent
staff specializing in extension
education, micro businesses, and rural
development. I helped one of their
staff, Mahbubul Islam, design the Akha
stove, we developed the TLUD-biochar
ecology viewpoint, and proposed the
Users Groups methodology for
deployment. When CCDB got funding from
ICCO - Netherlands, CCDB staff made it
happen. They knew precisely what to
do. Research partnerships are being
formed with agronomists in universities
to experiment with biochar.</p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-bottom:12.0pt">Because of
my place in time, it happened to be me
that introduced the idea of TLUDs and
biochar to Bangladesh. However, as the
ideas take root, they are taking over.
They have big dreams for developing
biochar technologies. </p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal">At this point, we
need to look into densifying biomass.
Methods of various degrees of
sophistication could be found.
Compressing wet biomass into briquettes
is likely a good fit for the
countryside.
</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</blockquote>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
class="m_-8852561828703860863apple-tab-span">
</span><b>[RWL: A few years ago I
experimented with hand-compression of wet
soggy material into a “turdlike” shape, at
the end an Aprovecho event. Art Donnelly
(being cc’d) reported they pyrolyzed well.
All the Bangladeshi stove users (or
husbands) need is a pail; no need for a
press - which I felt was slower. I found
starting each “turd” with the left hand and
finishing with the right hand - allowed
quite a few each minute. I got into a
rhythm (can’t now describe it) and recall
that handling each large “pellet” twice
seemed to get a more dense final product.</b></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
class="m_-8852561828703860863apple-tab-span"><b>
</b></span><b>I hope Richard Stanley (c’d -
on this list from the beginning) can chime
in. Much knowledge on how to get the
biomass ready for compression.</b></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"> </p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"> </p>
</div>
<blockquote
style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
<div>
<div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal">We should see if it
is feasible to developing pellets as a
renewable, commercial fuel. There is
lots of rice straw. Rice straw has been
pelleted in other parts of Asia. I am
searching the research literature to see
if the high mineral content (ca. 20%)
has posed a problem for abrasion of
equipment, lower heating value, and ash
in the stove.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</blockquote>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
class="m_-8852561828703860863apple-tab-span">
</span><b>RWL: I am cc’ing Paul Olivier who I
believe should have had considerable
abrasion experience in Viet Nam on both rice
straw and rice husks (with TLUDs).</b></p>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><br>
<br>
</p>
<blockquote
style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
<div>
<div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"> </p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal">Co-firing leaves and
wood in TLUDs may extend the TLUD
season. The Biochar Users Groups should
experiment with that. I expect that the
leaves will burn to ash before the
center of wood pieces has pyrolyzed.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</blockquote>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
class="m_-8852561828703860863apple-tab-span">
</span><b>[RWL: I’ll bet the other way.
Groups all over the world can (and should) do
this experiment (if the data is not
already available). Anyone have it?</b></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"> </p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b>Ron</b></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"> </p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><br>
<br>
</b></p>
<blockquote
style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
<div>
<div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-bottom:12.0pt">Thanks
again for all your comments.</p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal">Cheers,</p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal">Julien.</p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"> </p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><br clear="all">
</p>
</div>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><br>
-- </p>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<p
class="MsoNormal">Julien
Winter<br>
Cobourg, ON,
CANADA</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
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-- <br>
<div class="gmail_signature" data-smartmail="gmail_signature">
<div dir="ltr">
<div>
<div dir="ltr">
<div>
<div dir="ltr">Julien Winter<br>
Cobourg, ON, CANADA<br>
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