<div dir="ltr"><div>Please take me off this list.<br></div>Thanks.<br></div><div class="gmail_extra"><br><div class="gmail_quote">On Tue, Mar 7, 2017 at 4:29 PM, Michael Hayes <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:voglerlake@gmail.com" target="_blank">voglerlake@gmail.com</a>></span> wrote:<br><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">Hello Folks,<div><span style="font-size:15px"><br></span></div><div>I can offer a few files which can, hopefully, give a general reader some background information on marine tank based cultivation of macroalgae and potentially microalgae.</div><div><span style="font-size:15px"><br></span></div><div><span style="font-size:15px">I found an analysis of Bangladesh's macroalgae industry which has the date of 2005 yet it also seems to be very recently updated by the authors.</span></div><div><span style="font-size:15px"><br></span></div><div>In brief, this analysis shows the Bangladesh has a good potential for offshore macroalgae cultivation.</div><div><span style="font-size:15px"><br></span></div><div><span style="font-size:19.5px"><a href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/47378683_Seaweed_cultivation_in_Bangladesh_Problems_and_potentials" target="_blank">https://www.researchgate.net/<wbr>publication/47378683_Seaweed_<wbr>cultivation_in_Bangladesh_<wbr>Problems_and_potentials</a></span></div><div><span style="font-size:22.55px"><br></span></div><div><span style="font-size:22.55px">The use of photobioreactor can provide the operator with full environmental control, however, the obvious problem is bringing the cost down at the materials/components level and the operating and harvesting energy and labor levels respectively. </span></div><div><span style="font-size:22.55px"><br></span></div><div><span style="font-size:22.55px">On the issue of production energy, the marine environment offers multiple energy conversion options. For brevity's sake, I'll skip past the many different types of energy conversion that can be applied and move directly to </span><span style="font-size:22.55px">the idea concerning utilizing off the shelf equipment for offshore bioreactor components.</span></div><div><span style="font-size:22.55px"><br></span></div><div><span style="font-size:24.075px">The use of capped off high-density polyethylene (HDPE) culverts, as the primary tank structure, has multiple benefits, such as:</span></div><div><span style="font-size:24.075px"><br></span></div><div><span style="font-size:24.075px">1) HDPE has low to no biofouling</span></div><div><span style="font-size:24.075px"><br></span></div><div><span style="font-size:24.075px">2) HDPE is food grade </span></div><div><span style="font-size:24.075px">plastic</span></div><div><span style="font-size:24.075px"><br></span></div><div><span style="font-size:24.075px">3) HDPE can be made with post-consumer plastic coupled with the bio crude oil generated through the pyrolytic production of biochar.</span></div><div><span style="font-size:24.075px"><br></span></div><div><span style="font-size:24.075px">Although pyrolysis derived crude oil has never been, to the best of my knowledge, utilized to produce HDPE, I believe that is simply due to the fact that such bio crude oil feedstock is still a rather rare commodity.</span></div><div><span style="font-size:24.075px"><br></span></div><div><span style="font-size:25.2188px">Below is a link to one of many manufacturers of high-density polyethylene dual wall culverts.</span></div><div><span style="font-size:25.2188px"><br></span></div><div><span style="font-size:25.4094px"><a href="http://www.ads-pipe.com/en/product.asp?page=MEGA_GREEN" target="_blank">http://www.ads-pipe.com/en/<wbr>product.asp?page=MEGA_GREEN</a></span><br></div><div><span style="font-size:22.55px"><br></span></div><div><span style="font-size:22.55px">This next link shows what the saltwater aquarium enthusiast community uses as a macroalgae bioreactor. My work is focused upon scaling up this type fully enclosed mariculture. As a final note, please notice in the video clip how some macroalgae can tolerate very dense cultivation. I am predicting that a 40 foot long 5 foot diameter marine based and marine energized photobioreactor would become full of macroalgae, particularly brown algae, within 30 to 40 days.</span></div><div><span style="font-size:22.55px"><br></span></div><div><span style="font-size:24.8375px"><a href="https://youtu.be/UvrWqqaMiyM" target="_blank">https://youtu.be/UvrWqqaMiyM</a></span><br></div><div><span style="font-size:25.4094px"><br></span></div><div><span style="font-size:25.4094px">I've recently submitted a concept paper to ARPA-E on this work, as it relates to the production of bioenergy,</span><span style="font-size:25.4094px"> which may offer further information.</span></div><div><span style="font-size:25.4094px"><br></span></div><div><span style="font-size:25.5047px"><a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/1Y8zdiWE7cbqTGklAfWWE0MAi-27A4ZBE9iABM8PyFOc/edit?usp=drivesdk" target="_blank">https://docs.google.com/<wbr>document/d/<wbr>1Y8zdiWE7cbqTGklAfWWE0MAi-<wbr>27A4ZBE9iABM8PyFOc/edit?usp=<wbr>drivesdk</a></span><br></div><div><span style="font-size:24.8375px"><br></span></div><div><span style="font-size:24.8375px">I would like to thank Ron for keeping this marine biomass-for-biochar (aka Blue Biochar) effort in mind. Please let me know if you would like more information about the Blue Biochar effort.</span></div><div><span style="font-size:24.8375px"><br></span></div><div><span style="font-size:24.8375px">Best regards,</span></div><div><span style="font-size:24.8375px"><br></span></div><div><span style="font-size:24.8375px">Michael<br></span><div><div class="h5"><br>On Monday, March 6, 2017, Ronal W. Larson <<a href="mailto:rongretlarson@comcast.net" target="_blank">rongretlarson@comcast.net</a>> wrote:<br><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div style="word-wrap:break-word"><div>Julien: cc list and others</div><div><br></div><div><span style="white-space:pre-wrap"> </span>Nice work. Thanks for your involvement.</div><div><br></div><div><span style="white-space:pre-wrap"> </span>There may be an opportunity to use ocean biomass for your cook stoves. Michael Hayes (cc’d) has a long analytical history on combining ocean biomass and biochar. Bangladesh could be the ideal lead country in this aspect of shortages for both biomass stoves and biochar.</div><div><br></div><div><span style="white-space:pre-wrap"> </span>See few inserts below.</div><div><br></div><br><div><blockquote type="cite"><div>On Mar 6, 2017, at 9:49 AM, Julien Winter <<a>winter.julien@gmail.com</a>> wrote:</div><br><div><div dir="ltr"><div><div><div>Hi Folks;<br><br></div>Thanks for all your comments.<br><br></div>Bangladesh has some challenges with its population density, and pending sea-level rise. <br><br>However, it is great place for making collegial partnerships. People tend to work and cooperate together much more than they do in North America. This applies to the university educated professionals in the cities, and farmers in the countryside. If you have a GOOD IDEA, people are please to listen, and get involved. There are leading farmers who are eager to experiment with biochar. If you want to help them adapt and develop it, great. You do have to be on guard for unscrupulous business people.<br><br></div><div>What does exist in the countryside is something called "NGO fatigue." Outside people coming in with an ill suited idea that they try to impose. Then they go away. Villagers see what they can get for free from foreign NGOs, so you may be greeted with enthusiasm, but you may not be taken seriously. <br> <br></div><div>I am fortunate, because a local NGO, called the Christian Commission for Development in Bangladesh (CCDB), took an early interest in biochar, and invited me to explain it in 2013. Out of that was born the Bangladesh Biochar Initiative. <br><br></div><div>CCDB was founded in 1972, and has a network of compounds ("campuses") across the country. They have a very competent staff specializing in extension education, micro businesses, and rural development. I helped one of their staff, Mahbubul Islam, design the Akha stove, we developed the TLUD-biochar ecology viewpoint, and proposed the Users Groups methodology for deployment. When CCDB got funding from ICCO - Netherlands, CCDB staff made it happen. They knew precisely what to do. Research partnerships are being formed with agronomists in universities to experiment with biochar.<br><br></div><div>Because of my place in time, it happened to be me that introduced the idea of TLUDs and biochar to Bangladesh. However, as the ideas take root, they are taking over. They have big dreams for developing biochar technologies. <br><br></div><div>At this point, we need to look into densifying biomass. Methods of various degrees of sophistication could be found. Compressing wet biomass into briquettes is likely a good fit for the countryside. </div></div></div></blockquote><div><span style="white-space:pre-wrap"> </span><b>[RWL: A few years ago I experimented with hand-compression of wet soggy material into a “turdlike” shape, at the end an Aprovecho event. Art Donnelly (being cc’d) reported they pyrolyzed well. All the Bangladeshi stove users (or husbands) need is a pail; no need for a press - which I felt was slower. I found starting each “turd” with the left hand and finishing with the right hand - allowed quite a few each minute. I got into a rhythm (can’t now describe it) and recall that handling each large “pellet” twice seemed to get a more dense final product.</b></div><div><b><span style="white-space:pre-wrap"> </span>I hope Richard Stanley (c’d - on this list from the beginning) can chime in. Much knowledge on how to get the biomass ready for compression.</b></div><div><b><br></b></div><div><b><br></b></div><blockquote type="cite"><div><div dir="ltr"><div>We should see if it is feasible to developing pellets as a renewable, commercial fuel. There is lots of rice straw. Rice straw has been pelleted in other parts of Asia. I am searching the research literature to see if the high mineral content (ca. 20%) has posed a problem for abrasion of equipment, lower heating value, and ash in the stove.<br></div></div></div></blockquote><div><span style="white-space:pre-wrap"> </span><b>RWL: I am cc’ing Paul Olivier who I believe should have had considerable abrasion experience in Viet Nam on both rice straw and rice husks (with TLUDs).</b></div><br><blockquote type="cite"><div><div dir="ltr"><div><br></div><div>Co-firing leaves and wood in TLUDs may extend the TLUD season. The Biochar Users Groups should experiment with that. I expect that the leaves will burn to ash before the center of wood pieces has pyrolyzed.<br></div></div></div></blockquote><span style="white-space:pre-wrap"> </span><b>[RWL: I’ll bet the other way. Groups all over the world can (and should) do this experiment (if the data is not already available). Anyone have it?</b></div><div><b><br></b></div><div><b>Ron</b></div><div><b><br></b></div><div><b><br></b><blockquote type="cite"><div><div dir="ltr"><div>Thanks again for all your comments.<br><br></div><div>Cheers,<br></div><div>Julien.<br></div><div><br><br></div><div><br clear="all"></div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><br>-- <br><div data-smartmail="gmail_signature"><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr">Julien Winter<br>Cobourg, ON, CANADA<br></div></div></div></div></div></div>
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</font></span></blockquote></div><br><br clear="all"><br>-- <br><div class="gmail_signature" data-smartmail="gmail_signature"><div dir="ltr">Paul A. Olivier PhD<br>26/5 Phu Dong Thien Vuong<br>Dalat<br>Vietnam<br>
<br>Louisiana telephone: 1-337-447-4124 (rings Vietnam)<br>Mobile: 090-694-1573 (in Vietnam)<br>Skype address: Xpolivier<br><a href="http://www.epwt.net/" target="_blank">http://www.epwt.net/</a><br></div></div>
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