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<div style="width:100%; font-size:initial; font-family:Calibri,'Slate Pro',sans-serif,sans-serif; color:rgb(31,73,125); text-align:initial; background-color:rgb(255,255,255)">
Dear Philip</div>
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Is there any evidence for other fuels, and stoves of the base superior kind?</div>
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I fear that ethanol cooking is a similar risk because there are so many crummy ethanol combustors, particular ethanol gel stoves. <span style="font-size:initial; text-align:initial; line-height:initial">ýNothing is 'automatically clean'. </span></div>
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<span style="font-size:initial; text-align:initial; line-height:initial">Chemical pneumonia from evaporated paraffin (stoves that overheat the fuel in the tank) is well known and if the current standard SANS1906 is adhered to, controllable. </span></div>
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<span style="font-size:initial; text-align:initial; line-height:initial"><br>
</span></div>
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<span style="font-size:initial; text-align:initial; line-height:initial">For those not familiar with the risk, poor combustion of paraffin can directly cause ill health but the greater risk is overheating the fuel and evaporating it directly into the room. </span></div>
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<span style="font-size:initial; text-align:initial; line-height:initial"><br>
</span></div>
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<span style="font-size:initial; text-align:initial; line-height:initial">Where people use a paraffin wick stove for space heating, the difference between a good and bad stove is very clear. A well designed stove emits very little other than CO2 and water vapour. </span></div>
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</span></div>
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<span style="font-size:initial; text-align:initial; line-height:initial">Regards </span></div>
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<span style="font-size:initial; text-align:initial; line-height:initial">Crispin </span>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D">“</span><span style="color:#333333">the leading cause of death for younger adolescent girls aged 10–14 years is lower respiratory infections, such as pneumonia – often a result of household air pollution
<b>from cooking with solid fuels</b>.” [Emphasis added]</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#333333"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#333333">We have some fairly solid evidence that respiratory infections were endemic in households cooking and heating on kerosene-fuelled wick stoves; and of minimal similar health effects when clean stoves were fuelled
with solid fuel (wood). </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#333333"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#333333">I think it is time for the GACC to recognize that it is the fuel/stove combination that leads to indoor air pollution, not just the fuel.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D">Prof Philip Lloyd</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D">Energy Institute, CPUT</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D">SARETEC, Sachs Circle</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D">Bellville</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D">Tel 021 959 4323</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D">Cell 083 441 5247</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D">PA Nadia 021 959 4330</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D"> </span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"">From:</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif""> Stoves [mailto:stoves-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org]
<b>On Behalf Of </b>Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Wednesday, May 31, 2017 9:53 PM<br>
<b>To:</b> 'Discussion of biomass cooking stoves'<br>
<b>Subject:</b> [Stoves] May News: Registration open for Clean Cooking Forum, Spark+ accepting applications, & more...</span></p>
</div>
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<p class="MsoNormal"> </p>
<p align="center" style="text-align:center"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:9.0pt"><a href="http://www.globalproblems-globalsolutions.org/site/R?i=1RxXce80S2tanf9Q07f9gQ">View in my browser.</a></span><span lang="EN-US"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt; font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"; color:#E6E6E6">May 2017 Newsletter</span></b></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><a href="http://www.globalproblems-globalsolutions.org/site/R?i=UkH9nU0-BaqGaB4d9vp9KA"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"; text-decoration:none"><img border="0" width="139" height="77" id="_x0000_i1025" src="http://www.globalproblems-globalsolutions.org/images/content/pagebuilder/unf-logo.jpg" alt="Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves"></span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif""></span></p>
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<p style="line-height:15.6pt"><span style="font-size:9.0pt; color:white">New technologies are making it easier for consumers to access and pay for cooking fuels.</span><span style="color:white"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:15.0pt; font-family:Trocchi; color:#333333">Radha's Message</span></b></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif""><img border="0" width="180" height="180" id="_x0000_i1029" src="http://www.globalproblems-globalsolutions.org/images/content/pagebuilder/29-1.jpg" alt="Radha Muthiah"></span></p>
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<p style="line-height:16.8pt"><span style="color:#333333">Dear Friends,</span></p>
<p style="line-height:16.8pt"><span style="color:#333333">Registration is now open for the Clean Cooking Forum 2017, a landmark, bi-annual gathering of people working to accelerate the production, deployment, and use of cleaner, more efficient cookstoves and
fuels. Under the theme “Driving demand. Delivering impact.” the Forum will feature influential speakers, engaging learning sessions, and myriad opportunities to build new partnerships and strengthen your work. I look forward to seeing many of you in New Delhi
in October.</span></p>
<p style="line-height:16.8pt"><span style="color:#333333">This month, the World Health Organization released a <a href="http://www.globalproblems-globalsolutions.org/site/R?i=GtcqG5yqhPgvNv-p1y6nuw">report on global adolescent health</a> that showed the leading
cause of death for younger adolescent girls aged 10–14 years is lower respiratory infections, such as pneumonia – often a result of household air pollution from cooking with solid fuels. As part of efforts to build the evidence base around the health effects
of clean cooking, the Alliance last week hosted investigators from six countries working to inform the shape of the integrated exposure response curve for household air pollution and childhood pneumonia. The Alliance and its partners are working to ensure
that, as health research on cookstoves and fuels evolves, global research methodologies evolve with it.</span></p>
<p style="line-height:16.8pt"><span style="color:#333333">Our work continues,</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:16.8pt"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"; color:#333333"><img border="0" width="130" height="40" id="_x0000_i1030" src="http://www.globalproblems-globalsolutions.org/images/content/pagebuilder/radha_signature.jpg" alt="radhasignature"></span></p>
<p style="line-height:16.8pt"><span style="color:#333333">Radha Muthiah</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:15.0pt; font-family:Trocchi; color:#333333">From the Alliance</span></b></p>
</td>
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<td style="padding:12.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm">
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<table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="left" width="60%" style="width:60.0%; border-collapse:collapse">
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif""><a href="http://www.globalproblems-globalsolutions.org/site/R?i=PVERL1g0JvK6dxwcOSUyaQ" target="_blank"><b><span style="font-size:13.0pt; font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"; color:#267D84; text-decoration:none">Registration
opens for the Clean Cooking Forum 2017</span></b></a></span></p>
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<td style="padding:0cm 0cm 12.0pt 0cm">
<p style="line-height:16.8pt"><span style="color:#333333">Registration for the Clean Cooking Forum—from October 24-26 in New Delhi, India—<a href="http://www.globalproblems-globalsolutions.org/site/R?i=CQarnnyxEIhRI8rB2zGLtQ" target="_blank">is now open</a>!
Early-bird prices are available for a limited time only.</span></p>
</td>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"; display:none"> </span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif""><img border="0" width="160" height="160" id="_x0000_i1031" src="http://www.globalproblems-globalsolutions.org/images/content/pagebuilder/Register_copy.jpg" alt="gac17-05: May News_Forum Registration open"></span></p>
</td>
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</tbody>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif""></span></p>
</td>
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</tbody>
</table>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:16.8pt"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"; color:#979797; display:none"> </span></p>
<table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%" style="width:100.0%; border-collapse:collapse">
<tbody>
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<td style="padding:7.5pt 0cm 12.0pt 0cm">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif""><a href="http://www.globalproblems-globalsolutions.org/site/R?i=Fp-JrHHs7IQEPcdZCBIBBg" target="_blank"><b><span style="font-size:13.0pt; font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"; color:#267D84; text-decoration:none">"Pay-as-you-go"
technology to boost access to cooking fuel</span></b></a></span></p>
</td>
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<div>
<p style="line-height:16.8pt"><span style="color:#333333">A handful of innovative companies
<a href="http://www.globalproblems-globalsolutions.org/site/R?i=94q_YwPWK5E7t7TUkrCXjQ" target="_blank">
may soon transform</a> how low-income consumers purchase and pay for cooking fuel by offering energy services on a pay-as-you-go basis. </span></p>
</div>
</td>
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</tbody>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif""></span></p>
</td>
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</tbody>
</table>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"">
</span></p>
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<tbody>
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<td style="border:none; border-bottom:solid white 1.5pt; padding:0cm 0cm 12.0pt 0cm">
<table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="left" width="60%" style="width:60.0%; border-collapse:collapse">
<tbody>
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<td style="padding:0cm 0cm 6.0pt 0cm">
<p><a href="http://www.globalproblems-globalsolutions.org/site/R?i=mJPHy3W6vJHPnFxuJctdmA" target="_blank"><b><span style="font-size:13.0pt; font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"; color:#267D84; text-decoration:none">Spark+ Investment Readiness Program now accepting
applications</span></b></a></p>
</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding:0cm 0cm 12.0pt 0cm">
<p style="line-height:16.8pt"><span style="color:#333333">Alliance partners with scalable business models and potential to attract investment capital are
<a href="http://www.globalproblems-globalsolutions.org/site/R?i=XXVS1prgTp8n3DkN0o8ipg" target="_blank">
invited to submit applications</a> for the new Spark+ Investment Readiness Program.</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"; display:none"> </span></p>
<table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="left" style="border-collapse:collapse">
<tbody>
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<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif""><img border="0" width="160" height="160" id="_x0000_i1032" src="http://www.globalproblems-globalsolutions.org/images/content/pagebuilder/Spark__Investment_newsletter_thumbnail.jpg" alt="gac17-05: May News_Spark+"></span></p>
</td>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif""></span></p>
</td>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"; display:none"> </span></p>
<table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%" style="width:100.0%; border-collapse:collapse">
<tbody>
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<td style="padding:7.5pt 0cm 12.0pt 0cm">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif""><a href="http://www.globalproblems-globalsolutions.org/site/R?i=oACUmV0ovqiikaZxsBQ0Pg" target="_blank"><b><span style="font-size:13.0pt; font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"; color:#267D84; text-decoration:none">5
takeaways from the World Social Marketing Conference</span></b></a></span></p>
</td>
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<td style="border:none; border-bottom:solid white 1.5pt; padding:0cm 0cm 24.0pt 0cm">
<div>
<p style="line-height:16.8pt"><span style="color:#333333">For anyone working in behavior change communications and social marketing, there was no better place to be than the annual World Social Marketing Conference -
<a href="http://www.globalproblems-globalsolutions.org/site/R?i=WnGPeMlCIQawSG34C7qOlw" target="_blank">
read five takeaways</a>. </span></p>
</div>
</td>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif""></span></p>
</td>
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<td style="padding:7.5pt 0cm 0cm 0cm">
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:15.0pt; font-family:Trocchi; color:#333333">From the Sector</span></b></p>
</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding:12.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm">
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<tbody>
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<td style="border:none; border-bottom:solid white 1.5pt; padding:0cm 0cm 12.0pt 0cm">
<table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="left" width="60%" style="width:60.0%; border-collapse:collapse">
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<td style="padding:0cm 0cm 6.0pt 0cm">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif""><a href="http://www.globalproblems-globalsolutions.org/site/R?i=LO_LE_iPfhiZkfRd5PiB7A" target="_blank"><b><span style="font-size:13.0pt; font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"; color:#267D84; text-decoration:none">WHO:
More than 1.2 million adolescents die every year, nearly all are preventable</span></b></a></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding:0cm 0cm 12.0pt 0cm">
<p style="line-height:16.8pt"><span style="color:#333333">Lower respiratory infections, including pneumonia from household air pollution, are a leading cause of adolescent deaths,
<a href="http://www.globalproblems-globalsolutions.org/site/R?i=RJ_WEdUI4SCxVNg89hAA1Q" target="_blank">
according to a new report</a>.</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"; display:none"> </span></p>
<table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="left" style="border-collapse:collapse">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td width="180" style="width:135.0pt; padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm">
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif""><img border="0" width="160" height="160" id="_x0000_i1033" src="http://www.globalproblems-globalsolutions.org/images/content/pagebuilder/WHO_report.jpg" alt="gac17-05: May News_WHO report"></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif""></span></p>
</td>
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</tbody>
</table>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:16.8pt"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"; color:#979797">
</span></p>
<table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%" style="width:100.0%; border-collapse:collapse">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="padding:7.5pt 0cm 12.0pt 0cm">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif""><a href="http://www.globalproblems-globalsolutions.org/site/R?i=Yb_MpYA9ObCYZnaTIu6gbQ" target="_blank"><b><span style="font-size:13.0pt; font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"; color:#267D84; text-decoration:none">Why
both gas and biomass are needed to address the solid cooking fuel problem in India</span></b></a></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border:none; border-bottom:solid white 1.5pt; padding:0cm 0cm 24.0pt 0cm">
<p style="line-height:16.8pt"><span style="color:#333333">Improved biomass stoves are a necessary step for Indian households that won’t be able to afford or access gas in the next 15 years,
<a href="http://www.globalproblems-globalsolutions.org/site/R?i=5FyUnUaBp4pAKvyEVmXNlg" target="_blank">
says a new editorial</a> in <em><span style="font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"">Energy for Sustainable Development</span></em> from Dr. Kirk Smith.</span></p>
</td>
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</tbody>
</table>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:16.8pt"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"; color:#979797"> </span></p>
<table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%" style="width:100.0%; border-collapse:collapse">
<tbody>
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<td style="border:none; border-bottom:solid white 1.5pt; padding:0cm 0cm 12.0pt 0cm">
<table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="left" width="60%" style="width:60.0%; border-collapse:collapse">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="padding:0cm 0cm 6.0pt 0cm">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif""><a href="http://www.globalproblems-globalsolutions.org/site/R?i=rWiVUb_5NjMH0vW5Zk8TzQ" target="_blank"><b><span style="font-size:13.0pt; font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"; color:#267D84; text-decoration:none">Maximizing
the potential of women entrepreneurs in Africa</span></b></a></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding:0cm 0cm 12.0pt 0cm">
<p style="line-height:16.8pt"><span style="color:#333333">Gender lens investing is gaining traction with investors around the globe and Africa is no exception.
<a href="http://www.globalproblems-globalsolutions.org/site/R?i=pOxZPyNllLFDA-J5HJAPIw" target="_blank">
Read key takeaways</a> from the Sankalp Africa Summit for reducing barriers and improving the investment ecosystem.</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"; display:none"> </span></p>
<table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="left" style="border-collapse:collapse">
<tbody>
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<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif""><img border="0" width="160" height="160" id="_x0000_i1034" src="http://www.globalproblems-globalsolutions.org/images/content/pagebuilder/Realizing_the_potential_of_women_entrepreneurs_in_Africa.jpg" alt="gac17-05: May News_Women Entrepreneurs in Africa"></span></p>
</td>
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</tbody>
</table>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif""></span></p>
</td>
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</tbody>
</table>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:16.8pt"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"; color:#979797">
</span></p>
<table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%" style="width:100.0%; border-collapse:collapse">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="padding:7.5pt 0cm 12.0pt 0cm">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif""><a href="http://www.globalproblems-globalsolutions.org/site/R?i=bwnIkB7mXn8dwnh2hUuy1Q" target="_blank"><b><span style="font-size:13.0pt; font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"; color:#267D84; text-decoration:none">LPG
subsidies in Latin America and the use of solid fuels to cook</span></b></a></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border:none; border-bottom:solid white 1.5pt; padding:0cm 0cm 24.0pt 0cm">
<p style="line-height:16.8pt"><span style="color:#333333">A paper in <em><span style="font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"">Energy Policy</span></em> presents an exploratory analysis of the
<a href="http://www.globalproblems-globalsolutions.org/site/R?i=pDEFHTdPxjv5hjqwDtrW9Q" target="_blank">
effects of subsidy policies</a> for LPG in reducing the use of solid fuels in Latin America.</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:16.8pt"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"; color:#979797"> </span></p>
<table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%" style="width:100.0%; border-collapse:collapse">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="border:none; border-bottom:solid white 1.5pt; padding:0cm 0cm 12.0pt 0cm">
<table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="left" width="60%" style="width:60.0%; border-collapse:collapse">
<tbody>
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<td style="padding:0cm 0cm 6.0pt 0cm">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif""><a href="http://www.globalproblems-globalsolutions.org/site/R?i=GqLmqkZjuJX86a86RCWLjA" target="_blank"><b><span style="font-size:13.0pt; font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"; color:#267D84; text-decoration:none">VIDEO:
How the SAFE Program is improving health and safety through cooking</span></b></a></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding:0cm 0cm 12.0pt 0cm">
<p style="line-height:16.8pt"><span style="color:#333333">Access to cooking fuel involves numerous safety, health, and environmental risks for crisis-affected populations.
<a href="http://www.globalproblems-globalsolutions.org/site/R?i=VTvu-bFzXLHKPPkJjSrQUA" target="_blank">
Check out a video</a> from the World Food Programme on how the Safe Access to Fuel and Energy initiative aims to help 10 million people safely prepare their meals by 2020.</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"; display:none"> </span></p>
<table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="left" style="border-collapse:collapse">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td width="180" style="width:135.0pt; padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm">
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif""><img border="0" width="160" height="160" id="_x0000_i1035" src="http://www.globalproblems-globalsolutions.org/images/content/pagebuilder/WFP.jpg" alt="2017_05: WFP video"></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif""></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:16.8pt"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"; color:#979797">
</span></p>
<table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%" style="width:100.0%; border-collapse:collapse">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="padding:7.5pt 0cm 12.0pt 0cm">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif""><a href="http://www.globalproblems-globalsolutions.org/site/R?i=pF5CtodQUZTURM-ETsnylQ" target="_blank"><b><span style="font-size:13.0pt; font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"; color:#267D84; text-decoration:none">Report:
Lessons on reaching scale in energy access</span></b></a></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border:none; border-bottom:solid white 1.5pt; padding:0cm 0cm 24.0pt 0cm">
<p style="line-height:16.8pt"><span style="color:#333333"><a href="http://www.globalproblems-globalsolutions.org/site/R?i=mskX5xj6GCyCqxLyv_T9_Q" target="_blank">A new report examines</a> market-based approaches, including from the cooking sector, that have
the potential not only to provide energy access, but also to support customers in “moving up the energy ladder.”</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif""></span></p>
</td>
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</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</td>
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</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif""> </span></p>
<div align="center">
<table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="600" style="width:450.0pt; border-collapse:collapse">
<tbody>
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<td style="background:#F6F6F6; padding:37.5pt 37.5pt 37.5pt 37.5pt">
<div align="center">
<table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="467" style="width:350.25pt; border-collapse:collapse">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm">
<table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%" style="width:100.0%; border-collapse:collapse">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm">
<table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="left" width="170" style="width:127.5pt; border-collapse:collapse">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td valign="top" style="padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif""><img border="0" width="160" height="160" id="_x0000_i1036" src="http://www.globalproblems-globalsolutions.org/images/content/pagebuilder/May_Partner_Spotlight_WWF.jpg" alt="gac17-05: May News_Partner spotlight"></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"; display:none"> </span></p>
<table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="left" width="290" style="width:217.5pt; border-collapse:collapse">
<tbody>
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<td style="padding:7.5pt 0cm 0cm 7.5pt">
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:15.0pt; font-family:Trocchi; color:#333333">Partner Spotlight</span></b></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding:7.5pt 0cm 7.5pt 7.5pt">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:16.8pt"><b><span style="font-size:13.0pt; font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"; color:#888888"><a href="http://www.globalproblems-globalsolutions.org/site/R?i=SWh9J5Bqen514QKumyy3ZA" target="_blank">World Wildlife Fund</a></span></b></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding:0cm 0cm 7.5pt 7.5pt">
<p style="line-height:16.8pt"><span style="color:#333333">By promoting alternative energy, specifically biogas, World Wildlife Fund is supporting clean energy that plays a critical role in alleviating poverty and restoring forest ecosystems, while reducing
environmental degradation and addressing climate change.</span></p>
</td>
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<td style="padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 7.5pt; border-radius:3px">
<table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse:collapse">
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