<div dir="ltr">Crispin: <br><br>Proof? <br><br>You demand proof from those kill by assumption? <br><br>I only ask for data. <br><br>Increasingly, we have all become victims of our theories. We get what we expect because we know nothing about what to get, only what we want to get. <br><br>Nikhil</div><div class="gmail_extra"><br clear="all"><div><div class="gmail_signature" data-smartmail="gmail_signature"><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div><font face="georgia, serif">------------------------------------------------------------------------<br>Nikhil Desai</font></div><div><span style="font-family:georgia,serif;font-size:small">(US +1) 202 568 5831</span><font face="georgia, serif"><br><i>Skype: nikhildesai888</i><br></font><br></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>
<br><div class="gmail_quote">On Wed, Jun 14, 2017 at 4:59 PM, Crispin Pemberton-Pigott <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:crispinpigott@outlook.com" target="_blank">crispinpigott@outlook.com</a>></span> wrote:<br><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">





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<p class="MsoNormal"><span>Dear Nikhil and all<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>This one is easy. Using the exposure rated in ‘cigarettes smoked per day equivalent’ we can work backwards to the ambient PM2.5 concentration! Keep up, this is going to be fun!<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>10 cigarettes per day equivalent<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>1 cigarette = <a href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/51207723_Lung_injury_after_cigarette_smoking_is_particle_related" target="_blank">
15-40 mg</a> PM2.5 exposure (inhaled particles), average = 27.5<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>10 cigs = 275 mg exposure (range 150, 400)<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>Volume inhaled by an average Indian city dweller =
<a href="http://ptaff.ca/air/?lang=en_CA" target="_blank">9700</a> litres = 9.7 m³ <u></u>
<u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">275 mg = 275,000 µg (range 150,000, 400,000)<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Therefore the average mass concentration of PM_2.5 in Indian cities is 275,000/9.7 = 28,350 µg/m³(average, maximum is about 41,000 µg/m³)<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">That is pretty bad. It is 95 times higher than a
<span style="color:red">Red Alert </span>day in Beijing (300 µg/m³)<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">No wonder so many people are dying of air pollution in India. The air, according the final note, contains more than 2000 times as much PM2.5 as is recommended by the WHO.<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">If we calculate it the other way, using as an input the 170 µg/m³ (yeah, I know, measurements stuff up a lot of grand theories) we get something like this:<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">170 µg/m³ x 9.7m³ = 1649 µg exposure<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">1 cigarette = 275,000 µg<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Living in an Indian city is the equivalent of smoking 1649/275,000 = 0.006 cigarettes per day.<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Not to put too fine a point on it, but I think if one of their claims is out by a factor of 166, the other claims should also be put to proof.<span class="HOEnZb"><font color="#888888"><u></u><u></u></font></span></span></p><span class="HOEnZb"><font color="#888888">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Crispin<u></u><u></u></span></p></font></span><div><div class="h5">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><u></u> <u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:9.5pt">Of course! Air pollution will take your breath away!!  See </span><a href="https://www.buzzfeed.com/regajha/deepveer-will-save-us?utm_term=.jqMZnrPP2" target="_blank">https://www.<wbr>buzzfeed.com/regajha/deepveer-<wbr>will-save-us?utm_term=.<wbr>jqMZnrPP2</a><u></u><u></u></p>
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<p class="m_3258662419196046183gmail-m2960657472701196919gmail-p1"><span lang="EN-US">I would like to think Indians are not born stupid, WHO and the professoriat makes them so (at least tries to). <u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="m_3258662419196046183gmail-m2960657472701196919gmail-p1"><span lang="EN-US">I spare you the photographs. (lakh = 100,000) <u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="m_3258662419196046183gmail-m2960657472701196919gmail-p1"><span lang="EN-US">Nikhil<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="m_3258662419196046183gmail-m2960657472701196919gmail-p1"><span lang="EN-US">--------<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="m_3258662419196046183gmail-m2960657472701196919gmail-p1"><span class="m_3258662419196046183gmail-subbuzznumber"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"inherit",serif">1.</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"inherit",serif"> <span class="m_3258662419196046183gmail-js-subbuzztitle-text">Hi.
 You know we have an air pollution problem, no? If you don't think it's <i>thaaaat</i> bad, get this: TWO INDIANS DIE PER MINUTE because of air pollution. </span></span><span lang="EN-US"><u></u><u></u></span></p>
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<p style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"inherit",serif">Ranveer: Deeps, did you know air pollution-related deaths in India increased six-fold between 2000 and 2010?</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:"inherit",serif"><u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p style="box-sizing:inherit;margin:0.5rem 0px 0px;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;line-height:inherit">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"inherit",serif">Deepika: I know, dude, and it's still growing. Air pollution caused around 6,20,000 deaths in India in 2010 and causes more than TEN LAKH DEATHS per year now.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:"inherit",serif"><u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p style="box-sizing:inherit;margin:0.5rem 0px 0px;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;line-height:inherit">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"inherit",serif">Ranveer: O fucks.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:"inherit",serif"><u></u><u></u></span></p>
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<h3><span class="m_3258662419196046183gmail-subbuzznumber"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:"inherit",serif;font-weight:normal">2.</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:"inherit",serif;font-weight:normal"> <span class="m_3258662419196046183gmail-js-subbuzztitle-text">Last year the
 WHO assessed 1,622 cities worldwide for fine particulate matter, and found India is home to 13 of the top 20 cities with the most polluted air.</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:"inherit",serif"><u></u><u></u></span></h3>
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<h3><span class="m_3258662419196046183gmail-subbuzznumber"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:"inherit",serif;font-weight:normal">3.</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:"inherit",serif;font-weight:normal"> <span class="m_3258662419196046183gmail-js-subbuzztitle-text">Still not horrified?
 Ok. Breathing in Delhi’s air for 24 hours is equivalent to smoking 10 cigarettes a day.</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:"inherit",serif"><u></u><u></u></span></h3>
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<h3><span class="m_3258662419196046183gmail-subbuzznumber"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:"inherit",serif;font-weight:normal">4.</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:"inherit",serif;font-weight:normal"> <span class="m_3258662419196046183gmail-js-subbuzztitle-text">And it's only
 getting worse. Air quality in India deteriorated by 21.6% in the past 10 years.</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:"inherit",serif"><u></u><u></u></span></h3>
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<p style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"inherit",serif">Bye bye, viable healthy futures for all our children! Toodles, life span! See you later, the 8.5% GDP we lost due to air pollution-related diseases
 in 2013!</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:"inherit",serif"><u></u><u></u></span></p>
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<h3><span class="m_3258662419196046183gmail-subbuzznumber"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:"inherit",serif;font-weight:normal">5.</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:"inherit",serif;font-weight:normal"> <span class="m_3258662419196046183gmail-js-subbuzztitle-text">In 2013, a study
 was conducted on the lung function of non-smokers. Indian non-smokers' lungs function 30% less effectively than Europeans' do. </span>  </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:"inherit",serif"><u></u><u></u></span></h3>
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<h3><span class="m_3258662419196046183gmail-subbuzznumber"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:"inherit",serif;font-weight:normal">6.</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:"inherit",serif;font-weight:normal"> <span class="m_3258662419196046183gmail-js-subbuzztitle-text">India’s rapidly
 worsening air pollution is causing over 1 million people to die prematurely each year. A FUCKIN' MILLION. TEN LAKHS. WHATEVER WORKS FOR YOU.</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:"inherit",serif"><u></u><u></u></span></h3>
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<h3><span class="m_3258662419196046183gmail-subbuzznumber"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:"inherit",serif;font-weight:normal">7.</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:"inherit",serif;font-weight:normal"> <span class="m_3258662419196046183gmail-js-subbuzztitle-text">It's doomsday,
 fam. And I know you're a smart, conscientious, woke-AF reader, so you want to know what you can do to help. I gotchu. Keep reading.</span>s</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:"inherit",serif"><u></u><u></u></span></h3>
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<h3><span class="m_3258662419196046183gmail-subbuzznumber"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:"inherit",serif;font-weight:normal">8.</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:"inherit",serif;font-weight:normal"> <span class="m_3258662419196046183gmail-js-subbuzztitle-text">Use public transport
 or carpools as much as possible. Also, make sure your vehicles are properly serviced at all times. Badly maintained vehicles emit noxious pollutants into the air.</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:"inherit",serif"><u></u><u></u></span></h3>
<h3 style="box-sizing:inherit;margin:1rem;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-stretch:inherit">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:"inherit",serif;font-weight:normal">9. <span class="m_3258662419196046183gmail-js-subbuzztitle-text">A maaaassssive component of the problem is the burning of fossil fuels to get energy. <a href="https://go.redirectingat.com/?id=74679X1524629&sref=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.buzzfeed.com%2Fregajha%2Fdeepveer-will-save-us&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.indiagosolar.in%2F&xcust=4554241%7CBFLITE&xs=1" target="_blank"><span style="color:#0f65ef;text-decoration:none">Switch
 to solar</span></a> wherever you can, and make smaaaallll <a href="https://www.buzzfeed.com/gyanyankovich/you-can-do-it" target="_blank"><span style="color:#0f65ef;text-decoration:none">lifestyle changes</span></a> to reduce your own carbon footprint.</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:"inherit",serif"><u></u><u></u></span></h3>
<h3 style="box-sizing:inherit;margin:1rem;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-stretch:inherit">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:"inherit",serif;font-weight:normal">10. <span class="m_3258662419196046183gmail-js-subbuzztitle-text">Also, governments need to ensure existing coal based power use latest technologies, which reduce the amount of pollutants they release. <a href="https://go.redirectingat.com/?id=74679X1524629&sref=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.buzzfeed.com%2Fregajha%2Fdeepveer-will-save-us&url=http%3A%2F%2Fpib.nic.in%2Fnewsite%2FPrintRelease.aspx%3Frelid%3D133726&xcust=4554241%7CBFLITE&xs=1" target="_blank"><span style="color:#0f65ef;text-decoration:none">There
 is a government notification</span></a> to ensure this, but power plants aren’t taking it seriously. In fact, they're trying to get the notification removed or diluted. Direct your outrage to this issue!</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:"inherit",serif"><u></u><u></u></span></h3>
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<h3><span class="m_3258662419196046183gmail-subbuzznumber"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:"inherit",serif;font-weight:normal">11.</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:"inherit",serif;font-weight:normal"> <span class="m_3258662419196046183gmail-js-subbuzztitle-text">And finally,
 if you want your state government or municipality to take action on air pollution, you can start your own campaign on ​<a href="https://go.redirectingat.com/?id=74679X1524629&sref=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.buzzfeed.com%2Fregajha%2Fdeepveer-will-save-us&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.airalert.in&xcust=4554241%7Cd%7C0%7C0%3A0&xs=1" target="_blank"><span style="color:#0f65ef;text-decoration:none">Air
 Alert</span></a>.</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:"inherit",serif"><u></u><u></u></span></h3>
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<h3 style="box-sizing:inherit;margin:1rem;font-variant-numeric:inherit;font-stretch:inherit">
<span class="m_3258662419196046183gmail-js-subbuzztitle-text"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;font-weight:normal">Breathing in Delhi’s air for 24 hours is equivalent to smoking 10 cigarettes a day.</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"><u></u><u></u></span></h3>
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