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Nikhil and all,<br>
<br>
Your meaningful comments below were NOT "off-topic" for this
Stoves Listserv. And my reponse here certainly is "on-topic" and
responds to your statement:
<blockquote type="cite">"Clean energy" has so far bypassed the
poor, and the risk is, so will this "clean fuel" mania. Unless
biomass stove community gets its act together and offers a
competitive choice. Kirk Smith's challenge is loaded. </blockquote>
Juntos Energy Solutions NFP (Not For Profit) is offering a
competitive choice. I have submitted a Juntos NFP proposal to the
GACC program for Spark+ (currently being evaluated) and to other
places in the search for assistance for implementation. That
document is exactly what I sent to GACC Spark+, except for
deletion of some confidential information about business
negotiations currently in progress.<br>
<br>
You can read it at <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="http://www.juntosnfp.org/resources">www.juntosnfp.org/resources</a> (The JuntosNFP
website is still being constructed and will serve as the site for
the operational / scaling-up / financial contributions regarding
projects with TLUD stoves.) <br>
<br>
The included information is essentially a partial update on the
"Case Study.. . Deganga" found at <a
class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
href="http://www.drtlud.com/deganga2016" moz-do-not-send="true">www.drtlud.com/deganga2016</a>
. This is a major success story, and it is time to scale-up.
<br>
<br>
I have nothing against LPG stoves reaching additional tens of
millions of households. But LPG authorities (Kirk Smith and the
LPG organization) and the World Bank's May 2017 publication cited
by Nikhil (below) have stated:<br>
<blockquote type="cite">
<div style="left: 31.1765px; top: 387.256px; font-size:
12.4706px; font-family: sans-serif; transform:
scaleX(1.02969);"><font size="+1"> In the absence of
targeted subsidies, LPG will not be the solution for the
world’s poorest people. </font></div>
</blockquote>
The proposal by Juntos NFP DOES include poorest of the poor. And
it will give LPG a run for its money in terms of acceptance and
financial viability and very clean combustion (which will get even
better, as has already been shown, including by the Mimi-Moto
TLUD-FA stove).<br>
<br>
Looking forward to comments.<br>
<br>
Paul (Executive Director of Juntos NFP)<br>
<br>
<pre class="moz-signature" cols="72">Doc / Dr TLUD / Prof. Paul S. Anderson, PhD
Email: <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:psanders@ilstu.edu" moz-do-not-send="true">psanders@ilstu.edu</a>
Skype: paultlud Phone: +1-309-452-7072
Website: <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="http://www.drtlud.com" moz-do-not-send="true">www.drtlud.com</a></pre>
<div class="moz-cite-prefix">On 7/11/2017 2:26 PM, Nikhil Desai
wrote:<br>
</div>
<blockquote type="cite"
cite="mid:CAK27e==CRBEeQy-wL-x7fC_p9LvSBFLdH-hsA98JZVN7SS-_Sg@mail.gmail.com">
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<div class="gmail_quote">
<div dir="ltr"><a
href="http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/707321494347176314/pdf/114846-BRI-PUBLIC-add-series-VC-LWLJfinOKR.pdf"
target="_blank" moz-do-not-send="true">Increasing the
Use of Liquefied Petroleum Gasin Cooking in Developing
Countries</a>, May 2107<br>
<br>
Mostly cite-o-logy and platitudes, some interesting new
references I will read and post later. <br>
<br>
What caught my eye is <br>
<br>
"Additionally, because smoke from neighboring
biomass-burning households or kerosene lamps could
compromise the benefits of cooking with clean fuels, GLPGP
and other environmental health experts recommend that all
households within a community transition as fully to LPG
as possible at the same time, to ensure that the maximum
health benefits are achieved. Some Indian states such as
Karnataka are adopting this approach, with designated
“smokeless villages.” <br>
<br>
This can be both promising - social pressures for
behavioral change - as well as dangerous - because when
combined with government powers in a fractured society
that is India, it risks stigmatizing the poorest, many of
whom do not have permanent homes or kitchens, and not even
food from one week to another. <br>
<br>
Fuel per se is not the cause of "smoke", and "clean fuels"
is not the sole answer. Besides, smoke is not the only
risk, nor necessarily the most significant one. <br>
<br>
I suppose underlying the idea of "smokeless village" is
the argument that, "all households within a community
transition as fully to LPG as possible at the same time,
to ensure that the maximum health benefits are achieved."
<br>
<br>
This claim from environmental health experts has no
theoretical or empirical validity. Besides, there is
always a declining marginal benefit per $ of expenditure
on clean fuels, and this kind of absolutism is dangerous
in a democratic society. <br>
<br>
+++++++++<br>
<br>
There is more smoke in environmental health and economics
claims: "Household air pollution in low- and middle-income
countries caused an estimated $1.52 trillion in economic
losses and $94 billion in lost labor income in 2013 (World
Bank 2016)."<br>
<br>
*** Yeah, compared to what? The woman in attached picture
-- just got it a week ago, trying to ascertain the
location - is carrying roughly 30 kg of wood balanced on
her head, with a nursing baby in front. What employment
opportunity would she have compared to about $1-2
(depending on whom she sells to) she gets from this
activity? <br>
<br>
I have no doubt many cooks want to save time, not health
or forests or climate, and earn $3-4 a day outside if
someone else would do their cooking and child care. But it
is also the case that at the Bottom of the Pyramid, simple
nutritional intake is implicated in lifetime productivity.
Food insecurity data are rather weak, but child
mal/under-nutrition estimates are done annually. In South
Asia there are 60+ million children under 5 who are
victims of "stunting", and wasting is declared "a critical
public health emergency" (28 million children under 5) by
WHO last month. In South Asia, no fewer than 15% of
under-5 children are at increased risk of death, says WHO.
<br>
<br>
Food, not solid fuel combustion, is the crisis that leads
to early deaths and lost productivity. <br>
<br>
Says who? Well, WHO. In 2004,WHO <a
href="http://www.who.int/healthinfo/global_burden_disease/GlobalHealthRisks_report_part2.pdf"
target="_blank" moz-do-not-send="true">attributed more
deaths</a> and DALYs in low-income countries to
"childhood underweight" than it does to indoor air
pollution from household fuels, with a large share of
child deaths from diarrhea, measles, pneumonia, and
neonatal or other infections attributed to undernutrition.
But by 2012, IHME had changed its methods and concocted
new data on household air pollution - emissions as well as
exposures - and thrown in dubious assumptions of
equitoxicity and Integrated Exposure Review, to put big
numbers to fool those gullible enough. <br>
<br>
Anyway, the economic theory of sources of productivity
growth and estimation of lost productivity are as goofy
and spongy as those of premature mortality and risk
factors. This World Bank (2016) report was cooked up in
part by IHME, with frank admissions for data quality and
assumptions. On that some other time.<br>
<br>
"Clean energy" has so far bypassed the poor, and the risk
is, so will this "clean fuel" mania. Unless biomass stove
community gets its act together and offers a competitive
choice. Kirk Smith's challenge is loaded. ***</div>
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<div>Nikhil<br>
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<div><font
face="georgia,
serif">------------------------------<wbr>------------------------------<wbr>------------<br>
Nikhil Desai</font></div>
<div><span
style="font-family:georgia,serif;font-size:small">(US
<a
href="tel:%28202%29%20568-5831"
value="+12025685831" target="_blank" moz-do-not-send="true">+1) 202 568
5831</a></span><font
face="georgia,
serif"><br>
<i>Skype:
nikhildesai888</i><br>
</font><br>
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