<div dir="ltr">Paul: <div><br></div><div>I think a "Declaration of Clean Cooking with Wood" is a great idea. <span style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-size:12.8px"> A broader, more emphatic claim needs to be made that improving combustion of solid fuels is possible, has a long history, just that adapting the principles to particular contexts takes time and that there are many other possibilities for biomass energy for small-scale thermal applications - BESSTA?<br></span><br>Circulate a draft well in advance, say by the 20th? <br><br>Let me caution you, however, that the talking heads of SE4All and SDGs aren't paying much attention to biomass cookstoves, except to point out that nobody else is doing either. I did some research; see below, in particular the text "What can policymakers do?" in the Energizing Finance report. <br><br>Policy-makers ultimately means finance ministers. If Kirk Smith marshals health sector budgets for LPG and electricity subsidies, all power to him. <br><br><br>------------------------------------------------<br><div><br></div><div>SE4All proudly touts a Guardian September 2013 piece - <a href="http://www.se4all.org/2013_09_23_sustainable-energy-for-all-is-not-just-about-dishing-out-cookstoves" target="_blank">Sustainable energy for all is not just about dishing out cookstoves.</a> <br><br>Actually, it is NOT AT ALL bothered with biomass cookstoves, despite the rhetoric of <a href="http://cleancookstoves.org/about/news/09-26-2017-champions-and-advocates-shine-a-light-on-clean-cooking-at-unga.html" target="_blank">GACC CEO at the UN General Assembly time:</a> <br><br></div><blockquote style="margin:0px 0px 0px 40px;border:none;padding:0px"><div><p style="box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px 0px 10px;color:rgb(97,97,97);font-family:"Gotham SSm A","Gotham SSm B",sans-serif;font-size:15px"><span style="box-sizing:border-box;font-weight:700">"Addressing Clean Cooking: </span>CEO Radha Muthiah stated that clean cooking is at the core of central issues in the developing world: “If the Sustainable Development Goals are truly not going to leave anyone behind, we have to address this issue of clean cooking. If we are looking to ensure a world where growth is sustainable for our planet, we have to address the issue of clean cooking. If we are to engage women inclusively and equitably in all of our societies and all of our productive engagements, we have to address this issue of clean cooking,” she added.</p></div><div><p style="box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px 0px 10px;color:rgb(97,97,97);font-family:"Gotham SSm A","Gotham SSm B",sans-serif;font-size:15px"><span style="box-sizing:border-box;font-weight:700">Behavior Change: </span>Raising awareness and behavior change becomes a central part of the equation. Getting consumers to change their behavior regarding their cooking needs comes down to making them aware of the overarching benefits of switching to cleaner, more effective cooking solutions.</p></div><div><p style="box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px 0px 10px;color:rgb(97,97,97);font-family:"Gotham SSm A","Gotham SSm B",sans-serif;font-size:15px"><span style="box-sizing:border-box;font-weight:700">The solution starts with the user: </span>Developing clean cooking solutions through innovation and expansion of the cookstove marketplace will provide consumers with ample options, and meet their core needs and wants."</p></div></blockquote>Reading between the lines - with a jaundiced eye such as mine - this "clean cooking solutions" is code for LPG and electricity, with some charity for biogas, ethanol, solar, what not. <br><br>I don't mind that thrust, but I also consider that to be an explicitly anti-poor approach, in line with the fine-wine-dine-and-shine philosophy of UN Foundation. <br><br>See the combined Energia-GACC submission in early 2016 <a href="https://cleancookstoves.org/binary-data/ATTACHMENT/file/000/000/258-1.pdf" target="_blank">Urgent: Getting Cooking Energy Right in the Post-2015 Indicators</a>. They proposed SDG 7.1.2 as “Percentage of households primarily using clean and efficient
cooking fuels and technologies” because the earlier goal “Percentage of population with primary reliance on non-solid fuels (%)” allowed kerosene. This change was also supposed to allow for better combustion of solid fuels, but it needs to be shown that "clean efficient cooking fuels and technologies" may include biomass cookstoves. <br><br>In an accompanying piece, <a href="http://cleancookstoves.org/about/news/02-26-2016-why-we-must-ensure-the-sdg-indicator-framework-includes-cooking-energy.html" target="_blank">Why We Must Ensure the SDG Indicator Framework Includes Cooking Energy</a>, Energia and GACC say that the SDG 7.1 indicator was promoted by WHO. As if WHO knows what clean efficient cooking fuels and technologies are. <br><br>When it comes to solid fuels stoves, I think GACC is pursuing the EPA script in using the ISO TC mechanism the way EPA generates its NSPS. And has become an ambassador for LPG and electricity. <br><br>I happen think it simply means they saw the writing on the wall and chose to go where the winds have taken them, whereas we have failed. <br><br>This CCF 2017 is an opportunity to take them to task - if you feel up to it - or simply deliver a positive message - wood can be burned cleanly. (Even if that means plantations for biomass power. At least, the message that emissions are not inherent to fuels, no matter what Kirk Smith and WHO say. <br><br>I doubt GACC can be an implementation agent for Tier 4 LPG and electricity stoves with complete and irreversible transition by 2020 of the first 100 million households, with 600 million more to go in the following ten years.<br><br>The next phase of GACC has to be something other than chasing SDGs. It's an elitist, anti-poor game just like "clean energy" has generally been over the last ten years. <br><br>++++++++++++++++<br><br><div>If at all, I think UN Foundation - which was involved with SE4All from the very beginning and also with SDGs -- made sure the SDG 3.9.1 was DEFINED as reduction in % of households using solid fuels as the principal energy source for cooking. (Tim Wirth was on a high-level group by Ban-Ki Moon around 2010-12, if my memory serves me right, and got some contracts for UNF.) <br><br>With UN SDG - which SE4All is supposed to be aligned with - ruling out solid fuels, the task of cleaning up the solid fuel stove "enough" (Tier 3, if they mean anything) is a tough challenge. <br><br>Can there be a table for four to five regions, households and non-household customers for cooking and heating? I am guessing potential coal users for heating worldwide are some 400 million people, even if they have electricity for lighting; potential market of about $200 billion over the next 15 years to change over to better, clean enough stoves. Electricity and gas cannot compete in these niche markets. <br><br>For biomass stoves - potential market of about the same size can be envisaged. Recognizing that biomass fuels are also used for heating in and outside homes; you might find some in Delhi and Ahmedabad (if you are taking the trip) though it's not cold yet. <br><br></div><div><br>++++++++++++++ <br><br>SE4All's new <a href="http://www.se4all.org/sites/default/files/2017_SEforALL_FR1.pdf" target="_blank">Missing the Mark</a> report mentions "stoves" only once, in connection with LPG. It mentions "clean fuels and cooking technologies" a dozen times. It does mention that the AfDB"seeks to "provide 150 million households with access to clean
cooking energy by 2025."<br><br>However, the <a href="http://www.se4all.org/sites/default/files/2017_SEforALL_FR3-F.pdf" target="_blank">Taking the Pulse</a> report does talk about stoves and fuels with this conclusion: <div><br></div><blockquote style="margin:0px 0px 0px 40px;border:none;padding:0px"><div>"The clean cooking sector requires significantly more attention
from governments, donors, customers, NGOs
and private investors. <u>The finance needs for the cooking
sector—when fuel supply costs are factored in—are significant.
In Bangladesh, Ethiopia, Kenya and Nigeria, the
cumulative costs of meeting government targets for the
cooking sector (Tiers 1-5) by 2030 are estimated to be in
the order of $258.2 billion. Through 2030, over 95 percent
of the sector is found not in the stoves, but in the fuels in
these four countries</u>. "</div></blockquote><div><br> That's just for those four countries. <br><br>In general, they claim annual cost per household for these countries: <br><img src="cid:ii_15efef8109d47d17" alt="Inline image 2" width="515" height="142"></div><div><br></div><div>Based in turn on these assumptions (I hope the numbers show up). </div><div><br></div><div><img src="cid:ii_15efefa897a0ba08" alt="Inline image 4" width="408" height="148"><br><br></div><div>So, get a wood stove in $23 range and charcoal stove for $33. <br><br>+++++++++++++<br><br>In the third report <a href="http://www.se4all.org/sites/default/files/2017_SEforALL_FR4_PolicyPaper.pdf" target="_blank">Energizing Finance</a>, which is for 20 "high-impact countries", Kyte says in the Foreword, "Finance commitments for clean cooking access are especially abysmal" and further, "And on clean cooking, my wish is that this opens-up a
frank new dialogue around bold market-based strategies
that can deploy clean fuels and technologies for cooking, rapidly and at the required scale. If this does not happen,
the millions of women and children who suffer and die
every year from dirty cooking fuels will not diminish. We
will have fallen at the first hurdle of leaving no one behind."<br><br>Under Recommendations, the report says, <br><br><b>What can policy makers do?
</b><br><br></div><blockquote style="margin:0px 0px 0px 40px;border:none;padding:0px"><div>• Immediately prioritize efforts to scale and accelerate
clean cooking solutions to address the needs
of all consumers in rural and urban areas. Translate
this intent through appropriate policy, planning and
regulatory signals for diversified cooking fuels and
technologies (across all Tiers of access), <u>including
LPG, natural gas and ethanol</u>, and cookstove, to catalyze
action from financiers, investors and consumers.
Assess the crossover benefits of eliminating
kerosene subsidies and the strong connections with
<u>biomass management and deforestation</u>.
</div><div><br></div><div>• Recognize that investments in e<u>thanol, LPG and
natural gas for cooking</u> require long-term, “industry-building”
perspectives and plan and invest
accordingly. Transactions need to be sized in the
tens—if not hundreds—of millions of dollars, with
long-tenor debt and a variety of risk mitigation instruments.
The regulatory interactions, financial and
professional service providers and organizations
driving <u>ethanol, LPG and natural gas cooking fuel
opportunities</u> are substantively different from the
rest of the clean cooking sector.</div><div><br></div><div>• Acknowledge the specific role of women in meeting
the clean cooking challenge. Facilitate the development
and scaling of opportunities for women’s
participation as service users, engineers, designers
and businesswomen, including greater access to finance
for women.</div></blockquote><div><br>And it is the <a href="http://www.se4all.org/sites/default/files/2017_SEforALL_FR2.pdf" target="_blank">Understanding the Landscape </a>paper that says, <br></div><br><blockquote style="margin:0px 0px 0px 40px;border:none;padding:0px"><div>Estimates for required investment in clean cooking vary
considerably (Box 1.1); <u>this report uses an annual target
investment level of $4.4 billion per year to 2030 (SEforALL,
2015)</u>. Other estimates are substantially higher—in
the region of $36-41 billion required per annum (IIASA,
2012)—once fuel costs subsidies for cleaner cooking fuels
are included.
This report shows quite clearly that investments are not
keeping pace with this need. Unless action is taken, predicted
population growth and industrialization in developing
countries will further intensify energy demand (IEA,
2016), exacerbating the investment gap.</div><div><br></div></blockquote>Its Figure 2.18 (p. 56) has an erroneous headline - says $32 billion as an average for 2013-14 "Finance for residential clean cooking access by instrument to the high-impact countries". <br><br>Of course, they only mean a thousandth as much $32 million, with much of it going to Kenya as in Figure 2.19. <br><br><br><blockquote style="margin:0px 0px 0px 40px;border:none;padding:0px"><div><img src="cid:ii_15eff15a50cf7866" alt="Inline image 5" width="408" height="209"><br></div><div><br></div><div><br></div></blockquote><div><br></div><div><br></div></div></div><div class="gmail_extra"><br clear="all"><div><div class="gmail_signature" data-smartmail="gmail_signature"><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div><font face="georgia, serif">------------------------------------------------------------------------<br>Nikhil Desai</font></div><div><span style="font-family:georgia,serif;font-size:small">(US +1) 202 568 5831</span><font face="georgia, serif"><br><i>Skype: nikhildesai888 </i></font></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="gmail_quote"><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div bgcolor="white" lang="EN-CA" link="blue" vlink="purple"><div class="m_-811479075337951998WordSection1">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:windowtext"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:windowtext"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<div>
<div style="border:none;border-top:solid #e1e1e1 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm">
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="color:windowtext">From:</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="color:windowtext"> Stoves [mailto:<a href="mailto:stoves-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org" target="_blank">stoves-bounces@lists.<wbr>bioenergylists.org</a>]
<b>On Behalf Of </b>Paul Anderson<br>
<b>Sent:</b> 8-Oct-17 11:26<br>
<b>To:</b> Stoves and biofuels network <<a href="mailto:Stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org" target="_blank">Stoves@lists.bioenergylists.<wbr>org</a>><br>
<b>Subject:</b> [Stoves] Follow-up about clean biomass fuels<u></u><u></u></span></p>
</div>
</div><div><div class="h5">
<p class="MsoNormal"><u></u> <u></u></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Stovers,<br>
<br>
Over a week ago I sent a message (attached as a Word document) with this title and first paragraph:
<u></u><u></u></p>
<blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center">
<b><span style="font-size:16.0pt">Recognize Clean Cooking with Renewable Solid Fuels 2017-09-29</span></b><u></u><u></u></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><br>
We need to deliver <b>a message to the world</b> that any discussion of access to clean fuel sources for cooking MUST include recognition that renewable solid fuels (mainly wood / pellet / chips, but including some forms of agro-refuse) are also highly clean
burning in modern advanced cookstoves. So, the topic is correctly stated as "clean cookstoves and fuels", but it is often reduced to be only "clean fuels," which is very misleading.
<br>
<br>
</span><u></u><u></u></p>
</blockquote>
<p class="MsoNormal">Is this not one of the top five issues of this Stoves Listserv????<br>
<br>
Well, the response has been totally UNDERwelming. TWO. Yes, a total of 2 people sent comments directly to me (without wanting to become involved) and ZERO comments on the Stoves Listserv.<br>
<br>
Does that tell us something about ourselves? Maybe:<br>
1. People do not read the Stoves List messages.<br>
2. My message content is not clear, or maybe too long, or maybe something else.<br>
3. The topic is really not of interest to biomass Stovers.<br>
4. Biomass Stovers have given up and now accept biomass being regarded as a "dirty fuel".<br>
5. Readers are in such total agreement with what I wrote that they feel no need to comment.<br>
6. Something else: ________ fill in the blank _________________<br>
7. All of the above.<br>
<br>
So, I am writing again. (Stupid Anderson, he will never learn.) <br>
<br>
I conclude with what is at the end of my document from last week: <u></u><u></u></p>
<blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">7. What next????
<br>
a. Discussion will be at the Stoves Listserv. (If comments are sent directly to me at
<a href="mailto:psanders@ilstu.edu" target="_blank">psanders@ilstu.edu</a> , I might post them with your name attached.)<br>
<br>
</span><u></u><u></u></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">b. Who will help carry this message forward? Please speak up. Some assistance is needed.<br>
<br>
</span><u></u><u></u></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">c. To whom should this message be sent (as is or improved): One person is
</span><a href="https://www.devex.com/news/authors/1253453" target="_blank"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"inherit",serif">Sophie Edwards</span></a><span style="font-size:12.0pt"> the journalist who wrote the 18 September 2017 item about Rachel
Kyte.. And also send to Rachel Kyte.</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> </span>
<span style="font-size:12.0pt"><br>
<br>
<br>
</span><u></u><u></u></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">d. Perhaps a "Declaration of Clean Cooking with Wood" could be prepared, and presented for endorsement / adoption by organizations and persons. (Suggest a better name??)</span><br>
<br>
<u></u><u></u></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><br>
<br>
</span><u></u><u></u></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">e. Whatever is next, we need to utilize the format and facilities of the GACC, including the Forum in Delhi. This is what the GACC is all about: With emphasis on the word CLEAN, we are all seeking to have
clean cookstoves reaching even those people who only have biomass fuels for daily cooking. And this can be done with existing methods, etc., that will be further improved with the feedback from the woodgas stove users.
<br>
<br>
</span><u></u><u></u></p>
</blockquote>
<p class="MsoNormal">Paul<br>
<br>
<u></u><u></u></p>
<pre>-- <u> </u></pre></div></div></div></div></blockquote></div></div></div>