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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Dear Darpan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Targets matter.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">I was reading something last night saying that LPG emits, for a cooking stove (size not stated) 0.33 mg/minute. I have separately seen, for India, a claim for Indian LPG emitting 8 mg/MJ delivered to the pot. I guess we can work backwards
how much that is per minute for a 2 kw fire and a typical 65% efficiency.<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">The new WHO tier for the cleanest stove group is Tier 5, and their single box model running backwards has set a healthy emission rate max at 0.2 mg/minute. That means LPG cooking stoves fail to reach Tier 5.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">I think it is fair to ask what the emission rate for cooking food is. Food emits all sorts of PM2.5. It seems to me the chance of someone getting a non-electric stove to achieve Tier 5 emissions rate is pretty slim, unless it is burning
coal. I know of only two stoves that emit less than 0.2 mg/minute and they both burn coal and they are both putting out far more than 2 kW.<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">It is an interesting world.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Crispin<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Darpan: <br>
<br>
Composition and ingestion profile of PM2.5 matter. <br>
<br>
Even then, there are serious policy issues for regulation of natural and anthropogenic PM2.5 emission sources by location and by wind patterns.
<br>
<br>
And of course, doubts about associational evidence drummed up by rather dubious lumping of non-comparable studies. In India, just look up Sarath Guttikunda source apportionment studies for several cities, some of them more than once. Not all PM2.5 are captured
by the current air quality monitoring stations nor by the current continuous emission monitoring stations. <br>
<br>
That said, there is a significant hope that data collection via Blockchain could wreak a havoc with the current theology of so-called "public health". Instead of cooking up deaths and disease out of air - pardon the pun - EPA, WHO, IHME may have to deal with
real concentration data. Disease data and emission data would be another issue; I think Kirk Smith pointed out about a year ago that urban air quality improvements in China are more likely to come from the residential and small user sector rather than from
coal-fired power plants. <br>
<br>
I am paraphrasing what I remember, but this has profound implications for regulatory philosophy and market potential for clean coal combustion technologies that can be mass-implemented within five years for tens of millions of users worldwide. There is always
electricity and gas, but China, South and Central Asia -- wherever there is a significant heating demand in households, commercial and small industrial sectors - are all ready for a technological revolution for solid fuels, including coal. <br>
<br>
To be anti-coal and ignoring this market potential "to clean the available" (as Kirk Smith might put it) is to be anti-poor. This is why I call "clean fuels" essentially an elitist, even a neo-imperial, bandwagon. <br>
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Nikhil<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">On Wed, Nov 1, 2017 at 4:30 PM, Darpan Das <<a href="mailto:darpandasiitb@gmail.com" target="_blank">darpandasiitb@gmail.com</a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><img border="0" id="_x0000_i1025" src="https://mailtrack.io/trace/mail/969b5702e1902ef393726bcc371ed80a80215eb2.png?u=1788967"><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Interesting Article<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><a href="https://eur01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fmedia.consensys.net%2Fhow-can-blockchain-technology-help-fight-air-pollution-3bdcb1e1045f&data=02%7C01%7Ccrispinpigott%40outlook.com%7C52b88cb5b22e490de16708d521702cb4%7C84df9e7fe9f640afb435aaaaaaaaaaaa%7C1%7C0%7C636451688020609125&sdata=A3C5mmY9cgPPcvvPD%2FIO5dtUuMJt7gJ0MEt0JRlxqgQ%3D&reserved=0" target="_blank">https://media.consensys.net/how-can-blockchain-technology-help-fight-air-pollution-3bdcb1e1045f</a><br clear="all">
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<p class="MsoNormal">Regards<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#888888">Darpan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span class="hoenzb"><span style="color:#888888">-- </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#888888">Darpan Das</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:9.5pt;color:#888888">PhD Student</span><span style="color:#888888"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:9.5pt;color:#888888">Centre for Environmental Science and Engineering</span><span style="color:#888888"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:9.5pt;color:#888888">IIT Bombay</span><span style="color:#888888"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#888888">Powai, Mumbai 400076<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#888888"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#888888">91 916 73 491 63 <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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