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</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Greetings Stovers,<br>
</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><br>
</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Box-1 Fuel test package</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">A brief description of the testing procedure:</p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0
level1 lfo1"><span
style="mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin"><span
style="mso-list:Ignore">1)<span style="font:7.0pt "Times
New Roman"">
</span></span></span>Particle size distribution: </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.25in">Oven dry a sample of
biomass and
sieve through screens: 50, 25, 16, 9.5, 6.3, 4.0, 2.0 mm size.
Sticks above
that measure the length.</p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0
level1 lfo1"><span
style="mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin"><span
style="mso-list:Ignore">2)<span style="font:7.0pt "Times
New Roman"">
</span></span></span>Width to length ratio:</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.25in">Along the side of a
board line up
20 representative particles of biomass and measure. Then take the
same and lay
next to each other and measure the width. </p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0
level1 lfo1"><span
style="mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin"><span
style="mso-list:Ignore">3)<span style="font:7.0pt "Times
New Roman"">
</span></span></span>Volatile Matter:</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.25in">In a black iron pipe
pack with
oven dried biomass and heat to 550 C for one hour. Calculate the
loss in weight.</p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0
level1 lfo1"><span
style="mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin"><span
style="mso-list:Ignore">4)<span style="font:7.0pt "Times
New Roman"">
</span></span></span>Fixed Matter</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.25in">The material (char)
left in the
pipe minus the ash.</p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0
level1 lfo1"><span
style="mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin"><span
style="mso-list:Ignore">5)<span style="font:7.0pt "Times
New Roman"">
</span></span></span>Ash:</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.25in">Ash a sample of oven
dried biomass
at 550 until the ash is white.</p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0
level1 lfo1"><span
style="mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin"><span
style="mso-list:Ignore">6)<span style="font:7.0pt "Times
New Roman"">
</span></span></span>Solvent extractable: (resins, gums)<br>
</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.25in">Warm a dried (60 deg.
C) biomass
sample in a beaker containing Lignoine for one hour. Pour through
a filter
paper and collect the liquid. Place the solid back into the beaker
and add more
solvent and repeat. Slowly dry the solvent and weigh the residue.</p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0
level1 lfo1"><span
style="mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin"><span
style="mso-list:Ignore">7)<span style="font:7.0pt "Times
New Roman"">
</span></span></span>Water extractable: (sugars, starches)<br>
</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.25in">Using the above
solvent extracted
biomass add water and simmer for an hour. Filter the liquid and
dry. Weigh the residue.
</p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0
level1 lfo1"><span
style="mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin"><span
style="mso-list:Ignore">8)<span style="font:7.0pt "Times
New Roman"">
</span></span></span>Particle Density</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.25in">Determine the bulk
density of
quartz sand by flowing it into a container of known volume. Pour
most out and
add some biomass a little at a time along with some sand. Top off
the container
with sand. Calculate the sand that did not go in due to the
biomass to
determine the volume the biomass took up.</p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0
level1 lfo1"><span
style="mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin"><span
style="mso-list:Ignore">9)<span style="font:7.0pt "Times
New Roman"">
</span></span></span>Bulk Density</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.25in">Oven dried basis
determine weight
to volume.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.25in">10: Void Space for
air movement</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.25in">In a known volume of
the
combustion chamber fill with the known weight of biomass
(calculated dry wt)
and using bulk and particle density calculate the % voids where
air will flow.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.25in">11: Salts </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.25in">A saturated paste
type test
measuring the electrical conductivity. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.25in"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.25in">The above tests can
be run on all
biomass fuels including dung, pellets and grasses, twigs. A stove
is run as
normal using wild biomass and completing a task of cooking.
Monitoring the
6-Boxes on a form will allow us to determine problem locations and
after collecting lots of data determine
the best biomass properties for a specific stove. </p>
<br>
<font size="-2">Regards<br>
Frank<br>
<br>
Frank shields<br>
</font>Gabilan Laboratory<br>
Keith Day Company, Inc.<br>
<pre class="moz-signature" cols="72">--
(831) 246-0417 cell
<a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:franke@cruzio.com">franke@cruzio.com</a></pre>
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