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<div class="WordSection1">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Hi Frank,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Please consider keeping the wood fuel hydrogen (dry basis) number included, since it is necessary to properly do the engineering calculations for HHV and LHV. We need to calculate
the H2O in the wet flue gas using this number, along with the moisture content of the wood fuel.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Although hydrogen does not change much within wood species (usually around 6% dry), if you want to analyze different types of biomass the H value can vary, but of course not nearly
as much as moisture content which is a much more important parameter.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Glad to know you found this information helpful.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Best regards, Steven<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<div>
<div style="border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in">
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:windowtext">From:</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:windowtext"> Frank Shields [mailto:franke@cruzio.com]
<br>
<b>Sent:</b> December 19, 2017 11:41 AM<br>
<b>To:</b> Law, Steven (MOECC); Discussion of biomass cooking stoves; MHAtech@yahoogroups.com<br>
<b>Cc:</b> John Ackerly; Sauve, Terrence (OMAFRA); Crispin Pemberton-Pigott; Norbert Senf<br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [Possible SPAM] Box-1 Fuel<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p><span style="font-size:13.5pt">Hi Steven,</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p><span style="font-size:13.5pt">I like this. All of it. I would add the particle density and length to width ratio. Good to add the moisture - I forgot and left off my list. I like the hydrogen but thinking of keeping the cost of equipment down so left that
out. </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p><span style="font-size:13.5pt">You must have a TGA and CHN analyzer?</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p><span style="font-size:13.5pt">Now people just need to send you a sample of their fuel. Use their fuel to cook a meal using a specific stove and record the:</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p><span style="font-size:13.5pt">Box-2) Rate and amount fuel was added.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p><span style="font-size:13.5pt">Box-3) name of stove</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p><span style="font-size:13.5pt">Box-4) utensils used</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p><span style="font-size:13.5pt">Box-5) process of cooking (stirring, flipping, covered)</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p><span style="font-size:13.5pt">Box-6) Quality of finished task and time it took</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p><span style="font-size:13.5pt">and any helpful notes along the way. You add your fuel data and we have the first of many reports.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p><span style="font-size:13.5pt">Well done.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p><span style="font-size:13.5pt">Regards</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p><span style="font-size:13.5pt">Frank</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p><span style="font-size:13.5pt">Frank Shields</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal">On 12/19/17 7:17 AM, Law, Steven (MOECC) wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Hello all,</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">For discussion purposes, please see below a summary of the wood chip laboratory test parameters we did back in 2015 for our research study. Of interest is the moisture content,
as we did multiple rounds of tests on the same samples in different labs and we found that the longer the samples sat around before testing the more moisture was lost and the same sample had lower numbers due to evaporation.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<h4 style="mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:0in;text-indent:0in;mso-list:none">
Wood Chip Laboratory Test Parameters<o:p></o:p></h4>
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<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-family:Symbol"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]>Moisture content (wet basis) - must account for potential moisture loss from the sample collection in the field to when the sample is run at the lab<o:p></o:p></p>
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<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-family:Symbol"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]>Bulk density (wet basis, kilograms per cubic metre, kg/m³)<o:p></o:p></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]>High heating value (dry basis, kJ/kg)<o:p></o:p></p>
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<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-family:Symbol"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]>Proximate analysis (dry basis, %) for volatile matter, fixed carbon, ash<o:p></o:p></p>
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<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-family:Symbol"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]>Ultimate analysis (dry basis, %) for carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur<o:p></o:p></p>
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<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-family:Symbol"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]>Chlorine (dry basis, microgram per gram, µg/g)<o:p></o:p></p>
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<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-family:Symbol"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]>Particle size distribution (wet basis, example shown below for illustrative purposes as not all labs will have the same screen sizes)<o:p></o:p></p>
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</span></span></span><![endif]>Less than 3 millimetres (mm), %<o:p></o:p></p>
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<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-family:"Courier New""><span style="mso-list:Ignore">o<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]>Above 3 mm, %<o:p></o:p></p>
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<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-family:"Courier New""><span style="mso-list:Ignore">o<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]>Above 5 mm, %<o:p></o:p></p>
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<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-family:"Courier New""><span style="mso-list:Ignore">o<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]>Above 10 mm, %<o:p></o:p></p>
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<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-family:"Courier New""><span style="mso-list:Ignore">o<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]>Above 30 mm, %<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Best regards, Steven</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:windowtext">From:</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:windowtext"> Frank Shields [<a href="mailto:franke@cruzio.com">mailto:franke@cruzio.com</a>]
<br>
<b>Sent:</b> December 18, 2017 8:25 PM<br>
<b>To:</b> Discussion of biomass cooking stoves; <a href="mailto:MHAtech@yahoogroups.com">
MHAtech@yahoogroups.com</a>; Law, Steven (MOECC)<br>
<b>Cc:</b> John Ackerly; Sauve, Terrence (OMAFRA)<br>
<b>Subject:</b> [Possible SPAM] Box-1 Fuel</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Stovers,<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Box-1 Fuel test package<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">I am thinking the following are the properties of biomass that effect the small stove combustion process. And that the constituents listed cross all biomass boundaries. No need to say ‘oak’ or ‘pine-cones etc. It covers the range from Richards
briquettes, rice burners, dung, stick wood and chips. Although the test methods may not perform to ASTM procedures they are designed to be easily performed in any small backyard lab and results in the working range of biomass. The list is as follows:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="text-indent:-.25in">1)<span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman , serif","serif"">
</span>Particle size distribution<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent:-.25in">2)<span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman , serif","serif"">
</span>Width to length ratio<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent:-.25in">3)<span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman , serif","serif"">
</span>Volatile matter (DAF)<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent:-.25in">4)<span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman , serif","serif"">
</span>Fixed matter (DAF)<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent:-.25in">5)<span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman , serif","serif"">
</span>Ash (dw)<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent:-.25in">6)<span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman , serif","serif"">
</span>Solvent extracted (resins etc.)<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent:-.25in">7)<span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman , serif","serif"">
</span>Water extracted (sugars & starches etc.)<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent:-.25in">8)<span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman , serif","serif"">
</span>Particle density (using free flowing sand)<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent:-.25in">9)<span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman , serif","serif"">
</span>Bulk density<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent:-.25in">10)<span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman , serif","serif"">
</span>% void space (from 8 and 9)<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent:-.25in">11)<span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman , serif","serif"">
</span> electrical Conductivity (determine soluble salts)<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent:-.25in">12) Moisture<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle"> <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">Extra tests added where needed like toxic metals, durability, carbonates, acid soluble ash, neutralizing value and more..<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle"> <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">Regards<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle"> <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast">Frank<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Times New Roman , serif","serif"">Frank Shields<br>
Gabilan Laboratory</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
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<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<pre><o:p> </o:p></pre>
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