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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Dear Teddy<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US">A great deal of the charcoal is used by restaurants, not individuals though of course some is.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US">I am surprised that Nigerian ‘unsustainable’ charcoal is going to the EU. There are import rules on sustainability and origin. Robert van der Plas confirms that there indeed trade, but it has to
be inspected. It is not so simple.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Botswana and Namibia have masses of charcoal resources – largely untouched – the result of inappropriate grazing practices over the past 100 years. It creates thornveld encroachment – a problem west
of a north-south line passing roughly through the centre o Johannesburg. Enormous areas that were once open grassland are covered in thorn trees because the cattle won’t eat it.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US">The best use of this resource is to make charcoal from it and sell it to cover the costs of removal. I have seen large areas sprayed with dioxin to kill it – whole farms of it. Namibia is about the
last place on earth where it is possible to apply agent orange. There are about 50,000 tons of it left and someone has to eat it….I guess…<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Regards<br>
Crispin<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">And yet India seems to export charcoal to Bhutan? <a href="https://nam01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Feconomictimes.indiatimes.com%2Fnews%2Feconomy%2Fforeign-trade%2Fgovernment-lifts-restriction-on-wood-charcoal-exports-to-bhutan%2Farticleshow%2F27804000.cms&data=02%7C01%7C%7C0fdaa3d95546412f02ef08d54dd6dba9%7C84df9e7fe9f640afb435aaaaaaaaaaaa%7C1%7C0%7C636500507552315213&sdata=xl%2FZ6GuD0%2BmOlnrUEX5nx7BbH0d0dX%2BxIuKu329cX3o%3D&reserved=0">https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/foreign-trade/government-lifts-restriction-on-wood-charcoal-exports-to-bhutan/articleshow/27804000.cms</a> <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">The international charcoal market seems vast and confused, here are some links to some recent news; <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Germans are buying 'non-sustainable' charcoal from Nigeria <a href="https://nam01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dw.com%2Fen%2Fcharcoal-exported-by-africa-bought-by-europe%2Fa-41916123&data=02%7C01%7C%7C0fdaa3d95546412f02ef08d54dd6dba9%7C84df9e7fe9f640afb435aaaaaaaaaaaa%7C1%7C0%7C636500507552315213&sdata=%2B9zhhKGmfejlW8%2FyRy2v0AnUX87h1Sp3axMlHgw0AQ4%3D&reserved=0">
http://www.dw.com/en/charcoal-exported-by-africa-bought-by-europe/a-41916123</a> and yet there is plenty of 'sustainable' charcoal from Namibia readily available <a href="https://nam01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gondwana-collection.com%2Fnews%2Farticle%2F2017%2F11%2F13%2Fin-namibia-encroaching-bush-is-turned-into-charcoal%2F&data=02%7C01%7C%7C0fdaa3d95546412f02ef08d54dd6dba9%7C84df9e7fe9f640afb435aaaaaaaaaaaa%7C1%7C0%7C636500507552315213&sdata=fEfIum3jGpAxDciuge%2F0cJyo1bsLJ3KUfVm3Ctxo8kM%3D&reserved=0">https://www.gondwana-collection.com/news/article/2017/11/13/in-namibia-encroaching-bush-is-turned-into-charcoal/</a>. <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">If you use facebook - please have a look at one of these charcoal buying and selling clubs - <a href="https://nam01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.facebook.com%2Fgroups%2F1031960193551909%2F&data=02%7C01%7C%7C0fdaa3d95546412f02ef08d54dd6dba9%7C84df9e7fe9f640afb435aaaaaaaaaaaa%7C1%7C0%7C636500507552315213&sdata=Hn0gwRhUgw6HQ6AEZ6BCjmlg%2Be7gw9Few1eKxor3zIE%3D&reserved=0">https://www.facebook.com/groups/1031960193551909/</a>
as well, you'll see all manner of char sale's and deals from all corners of the world. Most of the international charcoal I bet is destined for BBQ's rather then typical household cookstoves and much of it is probably a by-product from agricultural expansion. <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">May I ask a small favor (should I say flavor?) from the members on the list - if you see a charcoal BBQ in action this holiday season, please send a photo or two and small description of it (and the charcoal) to me, I am always interested
to learn more about how people make and use charcoal grills around the world. <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">All the best and happy holidays! <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Teddy <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial Narrow",sans-serif">Teddy Kinyanjui</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial Narrow",sans-serif">Sustainability Director</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial Narrow",sans-serif"> <a href="https://nam01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.facebook.com%2FCookswellJikos&data=02%7C01%7C%7C0fdaa3d95546412f02ef08d54dd6dba9%7C84df9e7fe9f640afb435aaaaaaaaaaaa%7C1%7C0%7C636500507552315213&sdata=7cLdMSfNDEFK%2BiVtWNC3eyG2OMLCrhAQAc7v6PQ9WAM%3D&reserved=0" target="_blank"><span style="text-decoration:none"><img border="0" id="_x0000_i1026" src="https://images2.imgbox.com/97/28/BgG0H6ZN_o.png"></span></a> <a href="https://nam01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.instagram.com%2Fcookswelljikos&data=02%7C01%7C%7C0fdaa3d95546412f02ef08d54dd6dba9%7C84df9e7fe9f640afb435aaaaaaaaaaaa%7C1%7C0%7C636500507552315213&sdata=zXMAlPuIt%2FK%2BkFXN%2Fp5SiZh8KxOgFhRLah%2Bi7NAUPAI%3D&reserved=0" target="_blank"><span style="text-decoration:none"><img border="0" id="_x0000_i1027" src="https://images2.imgbox.com/54/7e/owicmXIG_o.png"></span></a> <a href="https://nam01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Ftwitter.com%2Fcookswelljikos%3Flang%3Den&data=02%7C01%7C%7C0fdaa3d95546412f02ef08d54dd6dba9%7C84df9e7fe9f640afb435aaaaaaaaaaaa%7C1%7C0%7C636500507552315213&sdata=F5ZR0GFTdu6Ux37XEueSUl%2FaiSvmzhIczejT8Vglpl0%3D&reserved=0" target="_blank"><span style="text-decoration:none"><img border="0" id="_x0000_i1028" src="https://images2.imgbox.com/64/b1/oh4tfzkH_o.png"></span></a></span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">On Wed, Dec 27, 2017 at 1:23 PM, nari phaltan <<a href="mailto:nariphaltan@gmail.com" target="_blank">nariphaltan@gmail.com</a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:#351C75"><a href="https://nam01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesofindia.indiatimes.com%2Fbusiness%2Findia-business%2Findia-challenges-china-as-worlds-biggest-lpg-importer%2Farticleshow%2F62264723.cms&data=02%7C01%7C%7C0fdaa3d95546412f02ef08d54dd6dba9%7C84df9e7fe9f640afb435aaaaaaaaaaaa%7C1%7C0%7C636500507552315213&sdata=Boam1mNvy0xbIguEMHTVScSt1uDv3sJG00rKO0Omjs4%3D&reserved=0" target="_blank">https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/india-business/india-challenges-china-as-worlds-biggest-lpg-importer/articleshow/62264723.cms</a></span><br clear="all">
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:#351C75">Cheers.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:#351C75">Anil</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt">Nimbkar Agricultural Research Institute (NARI)<br>
Tambmal, Phaltan-Lonand Road<br>
P.O.Box 44<br>
Phaltan-415523, Maharashtra, India<br>
Ph:+91-9168937964<br>
<a href="mailto:e-mail%3Anariphaltan@gmail.com" target="_blank">e-mail:nariphaltan@gmail.com</a><br>
<a href="mailto:nariphaltan@nariphaltan.org" target="_blank">nariphaltan@nariphaltan.org</a><br>
<br>
<a href="https://nam01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nariphaltan.org&data=02%7C01%7C%7C0fdaa3d95546412f02ef08d54dd6dba9%7C84df9e7fe9f640afb435aaaaaaaaaaaa%7C1%7C0%7C636500507552315213&sdata=mFxvMmBi%2Fi8o%2Btkg4oHXVxJ4rPo7Mwn5R46PradwSlg%3D&reserved=0" target="_blank">http://www.nariphaltan.org</a><br>
<br>
<a href="https://nam01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnariphaltan.org%2Fabout-2%2Fawards%2F&data=02%7C01%7C%7C0fdaa3d95546412f02ef08d54dd6dba9%7C84df9e7fe9f640afb435aaaaaaaaaaaa%7C1%7C0%7C636500507552315213&sdata=79mBt2IACPjQBAmDXRTOwz3y8A7B1yiPO8rrUM9NyHI%3D&reserved=0" target="_blank">http://nariphaltan.org/about-2/awards/</a>
Awards for NARI staff<br>
<a href="https://nam01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnariphaltan.org%2Fnari-in-press%2F&data=02%7C01%7C%7C0fdaa3d95546412f02ef08d54dd6dba9%7C84df9e7fe9f640afb435aaaaaaaaaaaa%7C1%7C0%7C636500507552315213&sdata=XwZzU1qg9qhDP1vPxcpKJ5gLisVFnG8j5gNLh33IyH0%3D&reserved=0" target="_blank">http://nariphaltan.org/nari-in-press/</a>
NARI in press<o:p></o:p></p>
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