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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Dear Norbert<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US">I defer to Profs Harold Annegarn and Philip Lloyd on this matter of inhalation, but I understand from them that below a certain aerodynamic diameter, particles are too small to be impacted and stick
in the lungs, and only enter the body by diffusion, like gases. Small particles are inhaled and exhaled again.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Regards<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Crispin<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">++++++++</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Here's an interesting study, published today:<span style="font-size:10.0pt"><br>
<br>
"Coarse particulate matter (PM2.5–10) in Los Angeles Basin air induces expression of inflammation and cancer biomarkers in rat brains."</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><a href="https://nam02.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nature.com%2Farticles%2Fs41598-018-23885-3&data=02%7C01%7C%7C5328cd0cda3741c5cbc108d5b5a9b7d3%7C84df9e7fe9f640afb435aaaaaaaaaaaa%7C1%7C0%7C636614662886828334&sdata=O3%2BaC9Ld7LM25oUJ%2BGFN3CuIvGZBPKKPCobhwJ1QOk4%3D&reserved=0">https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-018-23885-3</a></span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">What is interesting is that, even with long term exposure, they only found the specific biomarkers in PM2.5-10 (coarse PM), but not in ultrafine PM (<0.15 um) or fine PM (<2.5 um).</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">90% of wood smoke PM is smaller than 1 um.
</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Norbert</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">On Mon, May 7, 2018 at 3:19 PM, Norbert Senf <<a href="mailto:norbert.senf@gmail.com" target="_blank">norbert.senf@gmail.com</a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">(snip)<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">------------------------------<br>
Crispin Pemberton-Pigott <<a href="mailto:crispinpigott@outlook.com" target="_blank">crispinpigott@outlook.com</a>> wrote:<br>
(snip)<br>
<span class="gmail-">The cleaner the air in North America, the more common asthma there is. Is cleaner air contributing to the shortening of lives in North America? On the face of it, possibly.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">(snip)<br clear="all">
<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">"Yukon's clean air could be why fewer youth are hospitalized with asthma"<br>
<a href="https://nam02.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbc.ca%2Fnews%2Fcanada%2Fnorth%2Fyukon-asthma-hospitalization-cihi-clean-air-1.4639852&data=02%7C01%7C%7C5328cd0cda3741c5cbc108d5b5a9b7d3%7C84df9e7fe9f640afb435aaaaaaaaaaaa%7C1%7C0%7C636614662886828334&sdata=mnam2CkEY%2FoeHqq1%2Fqp8UF0Lz%2FYxdi3LaZCrWoixxWc%3D&reserved=0" target="_blank">http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/north/yukon-asthma-hospitalization-cihi-clean-air-1.4639852</a><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p>"...The report also shows that asthma hospitalization rates tend to be higher in urban areas in Canada, compared to rural and remote areas.
<o:p></o:p></p>
<p>"Our air is pretty pristine, and air pollution is shown to be a factor associated with asthma exacerbation," said Brendan Hanley, Yukon's Chief Medical Officer of Health.
<o:p></o:p></p>
<p>In places such as Nova Scotia and Ontario, asthma hospitalization rates are much higher in urban centres compared to rural, the report said. A similar comparison wasn't included for Yukon because of a lack of data.
<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">(snip)<o:p></o:p></p>
<p>But Hanley said Yukon's air quality is not perfect. He says air pollution tends to spike in residential areas due to wood-burning, but those tend to be short-term exposures.
<o:p></o:p></p>
<p>Other possible reason for Yukon's low rate could be attributed to good access to primary care for children with asthma and good rates of controls in terms of medication, according to Hanley."
<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span class="gmail-hoenzb"><span style="color:#888888">-- <o:p>
</o:p></span></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#888888">Norbert Senf<br>
Masonry Stove Builders<br>
25 Brouse Road, RR 5<br>
Shawville Québec J0X 2Y0<br>
819.647.5092<br>
<a href="https://nam02.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.heatkit.com&data=02%7C01%7C%7C5328cd0cda3741c5cbc108d5b5a9b7d3%7C84df9e7fe9f640afb435aaaaaaaaaaaa%7C1%7C0%7C636614662886828334&sdata=2JlkzqkxY0HmE9A0zlUe2Q3QyqgMezvuUjsEndIq%2BQE%3D&reserved=0" target="_blank">www.heatkit.com</a></span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<br>
-- <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Norbert Senf<br>
Masonry Stove Builders<br>
25 Brouse Road, RR 5<br>
Shawville Québec J0X 2Y0<br>
819.647.5092<br>
<a href="https://nam02.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.heatkit.com&data=02%7C01%7C%7C5328cd0cda3741c5cbc108d5b5a9b7d3%7C84df9e7fe9f640afb435aaaaaaaaaaaa%7C1%7C0%7C636614662886828334&sdata=2JlkzqkxY0HmE9A0zlUe2Q3QyqgMezvuUjsEndIq%2BQE%3D&reserved=0" target="_blank">www.heatkit.com</a><o:p></o:p></p>
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