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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Dear Nikhil<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Looking at the numbers:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US">270,000 tons of BC estimated on the basis (I presume) that all kerosene lamps are considered equal. I have no problem with that if they state what the assumptions are so they can be adjusted later
if necessary.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US">I have not seen a life cycle estimate of the CO<sub>2</sub> emitted producing, distributing, servicing and recycling GOGLA devices so I can’t calculate the net difference. An option is to promote
(not subsidise etc) clean-burning kerosene lamps such as those produced by some members of this List. There is nothing wrong with the fuel, it is the lamps which cause the problem.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Some kerosene lamps are used for cooking as well, making tea or heating water.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US">For some perspective on CO<sub>2</sub> reduction, the Hebei Clean Air Project (stove replacement, 2 years duration) will reduce emissions by
</span><span style="font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">≈</span><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US">4m tons per year. I didn’t work out the BC reduction in tons, but it is about 70% of value. We are beginning to make inroads,
especially on PM and BC.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Regards<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Crispin<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Tom: <br>
<br>
This is impressive, but so is this claim from ESMAP/GOGLA<br>
<br>
" GOGLA estimates that the use of Lighting Global/GOGLA-affiliated solar devices has avoided
<b>28.6 million tons of greenhouse gas emissions. </b>When considering the entire universe of OGS devices, emissions avoided are likely to be substantially higher. GOGLA’s estimates of avoided emissions include carbon dioxide as well as black carbon, a by-product
of burning kerosene that has a high capacity for trapping heat in the atmosphere. One study estimates the amount of black carbon generated from the use of kerosene lamps worldwide to be 270,000 tons per year – a quantity that has the climate warming capacity
of 240 million tons of carbon dioxide."<br>
<br>
Why don't stove promoters include Black Carbon avoidance in their argument? (I believe the argument was first advanced in ~2004 by Bond and Sun. I wrote a policy note to that effect in 2006, revised in 2012. I also advocated using 20-year GWPs.). <br>
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Gold Standard Foundation is a problem. <br>
<br>
Nikhil<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Georgia",serif">------------------------------------------------------------------------<br>
Nikhil Desai</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif">(US +1) 202 568 5831</span><span style="font-family:"Georgia",serif"><br>
<i>Skype: nikhildesai888</i></span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">On Fri, Sep 21, 2018 at 11:07 PM, Tom Miles <<a href="mailto:tmiles@trmiles.com" target="_blank">tmiles@trmiles.com</a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
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<a href="https://nam03.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fenvirofit.org%2Fpress-release-envirofit-india-reduces-million-tonnes-carbon-csr-cookstoves%2F%3Fplatform%3Dhootsuite&data=02%7C01%7C%7C1da8cb95bc8f4160cbc908d624208232%7C84df9e7fe9f640afb435aaaaaaaaaaaa%7C1%7C0%7C636736119366474205&sdata=3jmKUz8BQeIjzNqRZW8Y8p19zKRPLSFfz445JtNtM3A%3D&reserved=0" target="_blank">http://envirofit.org/press-release-envirofit-india-reduces-million-tonnes-carbon-csr-cookstoves/?platform=hootsuite</a><o:p></o:p></p>
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<span style="font-size:25.5pt;font-family:"-apple-system-font",serif">Press Release – Envirofit India Reduces Over 1 Million Tonnes of CO2<o:p></o:p></span></h1>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:18.0pt"><em><span style="font-size:13.0pt;font-family:"-apple-system-font",serif">September 20, 2018</span></em><span style="font-size:13.0pt;font-family:"-apple-system-font",serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<em><span style="font-size:13.0pt;font-family:"-apple-system-font",serif">• Cookstoves sold by Envirofit India have reduced over 1 millions tonnes of CO2</span></em><i><span style="font-size:13.0pt;font-family:"-apple-system-font",serif"><br>
<em><span style="font-family:"-apple-system-font",serif">• CO2 reduction verified by The Gold Standard through rigorous monitoring, reporting & verification</span></em><br>
<em><span style="font-family:"-apple-system-font",serif">• Envirofit India carbon credits issued by Gold Standard also help increase energy access for people in energy poverty</span></em></span></i><span style="font-size:13.0pt;font-family:"-apple-system-font",serif"><o:p></o:p></span></h4>
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<p style="line-height:18.0pt"><strong><span style="font-size:13.0pt;font-family:"-apple-system-font",serif">Pune, India</span></strong><span style="font-size:13.0pt;font-family:"-apple-system-font",serif"> – Envirofit India has surpassed 1 million tonnes of
CO2 reduced, demonstrated via the issuance of Gold Standard carbon credits; Verified Emissions Reductions (VERs). This milestone was certified by Gold Standard Foundation, a respected international carbon standards and certification group – and made possible
by durable, high-quality Envirofit stoves that households use year after year. Envirofit can issue VERs over many years because their CO2 reductions, generated when households use their stoves, have been independently verified.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="line-height:18.0pt;max-width:100%"><span style="font-size:13.0pt;font-family:"-apple-system-font",serif">As the global leader in the design, manufacture, and sale of technologically advanced biomass cookstoves, Envirofit uses the proceeds from the
sale of carbon credits to provide a boost to small scale clean cookstove enterprises with training, marketing and sales support. This support helps increase energy access for people living in energy poverty. Furthermore, according to the GSF, the impact of
1 million cookstove VERs is equivalent to a $151 million investment in <a href="https://nam03.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.goldstandard.org%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fdocuments%2Fgoldstandard_impactinvestment.pdf&data=02%7C01%7C%7C1da8cb95bc8f4160cbc908d624208232%7C84df9e7fe9f640afb435aaaaaaaaaaaa%7C1%7C0%7C636736119366474205&sdata=XRRITIqQ40Px%2BrDslnJeGPdugGKR17g0nZH%2FAWmS5RI%3D&reserved=0" target="_blank">
<span style="color:#416ED2">employment, livelihood and health impacts</span></a> over and above the certified climate impacts.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p style="line-height:18.0pt"><span style="font-size:13.0pt;font-family:"-apple-system-font",serif">Envirofit works with the GSF to certify CO2 emissions reductions from household cookstove use and to issue corresponding carbon credits. Envirofit’s partnerships
with carbon credit buyers, including governments, corporations and private individuals, helps them to offset their unavoidable greenhouse gas emissions via high impact, charismatic carbon reduction projects throughout the world. By partnering with Envirofit,
carbon credit buyers can deliver both climate and sustainable development impacts that transcend most standard CO2 emissions reductions.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="line-height:18.0pt;max-width:100%"><span style="font-size:13.0pt;font-family:"-apple-system-font",serif">Working with the GSF, Envirofit follows a rigorous monitoring, reporting & verification process in its cookstove projects to accurately account
for the emissions reductions. The improved efficiency and durability of Envirofit’s biomass cookstoves is monitored frequently and households are surveyed to check that stoves are continuously used by their owners. This monitoring process is then independently
verified to ensure transparency, which means that carbon credit buyers can claim an impact via their purchase that is traceable back to the individual stove use in households throughout the world.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="line-height:18.0pt;max-width:100%"><span style="font-size:13.0pt;font-family:"-apple-system-font",serif">Nearly three billion people worldwide live in energy poverty, lacking access to clean energy technologies, and cook their meals over open flames
with biomass fuels such as charcoal and wood. Traditional cookstoves are incredibly inefficient, wasting 90% of the energy generated and requiring up to one-third of a family’s income for fuel. It is also hazardous to the environment, causing 25% of the world’s
global black-carbon emissions. The smoke and other toxic fumes that result from cooking this way – known as Household Air Pollution – are estimated to cause or directly contribute to 3.8 million deaths per year – more than HIV, malaria and tuberculosis combined.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="line-height:18.0pt;max-width:100%"><span style="font-size:13.0pt;font-family:"-apple-system-font",serif">Envirofit stoves reduce smoke and toxic emissions by up to 80% and reduce fuel consumption by an average of ~60%, which corresponds to a reduction
of between ~2-3 tonnes of CO2 equivalent per year. Over its average lifespan of 5 years, each Envirofit stove can help prevent up to 15 tonnes of CO2 equivalent from being released. With over 1.6 million stoves sold worldwide, Envirofit stoves have the potential
to prevent the release of up to ~24 million tonnes of CO2 equivalent over their lifetime.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="line-height:18.0pt;max-width:100%"><span style="font-size:13.0pt;font-family:"-apple-system-font",serif">According to current Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves estimates, the number of people who cook with biomass is expected to grow as global
population increases, reaching 3.24 billion by 2025. By sustainably growing markets and increasing access to clean energy technology, carbon credit offsetting positively impacts the lives of millions, and helps future generations benefit from this access as
well.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p style="line-height:18.0pt"><strong><span style="font-size:13.0pt;font-family:"-apple-system-font",serif">***</span></strong><span style="font-size:13.0pt;font-family:"-apple-system-font",serif"><br>
<strong><span style="font-family:"-apple-system-font",serif">About Envirofit India</span></strong><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="line-height:18.0pt;max-width:100%"><span style="font-size:13.0pt;font-family:"-apple-system-font",serif">Envirofit India, a subsidiary of Envirofit International, is a social enterprise that innovates smart energy products and services that improve
lives on a global scale. Using a market-based approach, Envirofit develops a global product line of wood, charcoal, and LPG cookstoves that cook faster while reducing fuel use, smoke, and toxic emissions. Serving more than 8 million people in energy poverty,
Envirofit’s household energy products reduce climate change, create new jobs, and enable families to save money.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="line-height:18.0pt;max-width:100%"><strong><span style="font-size:13.0pt;font-family:"-apple-system-font",serif">CONTACT</span></strong><span style="font-size:13.0pt;font-family:"-apple-system-font",serif"><br>
Ravi Kumar P<br>
Envirofit India – Senior Manager- Product & Consumer Experience<br>
<a href="mailto:ravi.kp@envirofit.org" target="_blank">ravi.kp@envirofit.org</a><br>
+91 8956 443 443<br>
<a href="https://nam03.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.envirofit.org&data=02%7C01%7C%7C1da8cb95bc8f4160cbc908d624208232%7C84df9e7fe9f640afb435aaaaaaaaaaaa%7C1%7C0%7C636736119366474205&sdata=S6bDJq8LYwWq3XhtUhM%2FgBFAiMLzuYGeaX%2BgHcshdWc%3D&reserved=0" target="_blank">www.envirofit.org</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">T R Miles Technical Consultants Inc.<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span class="m-6928865440528780747apple-style-span"><a href="mailto:tmiles@trmiles.com" target="_blank">tmiles@trmiles.com</a></span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span class="m-6928865440528780747apple-style-span">Sent from mobile. </span><o:p></o:p></p>
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__________________________________ <br>
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