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<p class="MsoPlainText">Dear Andrew<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-language:EN-CA">>></span> The BBC covered this story last week claiming that living in Delhi during the annual burning of the straw (which they showed) was like smoking 40 cigarettes per day. I have
already shown how that calculation is made: a cigarette exposes the smoker to 40-45 mg of PM2.5. The actual exposure for an adult living 24/7 in 160 micrograms/m^3 (bad days in Delhi) is 1/28th of a cigarette per day.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText">>Crispin would you reprise that explanation and source again for me please.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"><span style="color:black">A person breathes a very convenient 10 cubic metres of air a day. Approximately. If the mass concentration of PM 2.5 in that air is 160 micrograms per cubic metre, then a typical adult will inhale 160 c 10 micrograms
of )PM2.5. That is their inhalation: 1600 </span><span style="color:black">µ</span><span style="color:black">g.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"><span style="color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"><span style="color:black">A typical cigarette creates about 40 to 45 milligrams of PM2.5 (45,000
</span><span style="color:black">µ</span><span style="color:black">g). Sources very but the references I found were 40 to 45, with the latter being more common. So the cigarette-equivalence of that air (assuming they do not step indoors where air is probably
cleaner than outside) is 1600/45,000 = 0.03555 cigarettes or 1/28.125. For a 60mm cigarette that would be 2.13mm of tobacco.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"><span style="color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"><span style="color:black">The claim for Delhi is “40 cigarettes per day” which is 1125 times more than the actual inhalation one might experience. To reach the equivalent of 40 per day would require breathing air containing 180,000
</span><span style="color:black">µ</span><span style="color:black">g/m<sup>3</sup> for 24 hrs.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"><span style="color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"><span style="color:black">The highest Fresh Air recorded in Kyrgyzstan last winter was 11,300
</span><span style="color:black">µ</span><span style="color:black">g/m<sup>3</sup> (48 hr average). That is appallingly bad. Another home reached 6000 and another 7000. 180,000 is impossible.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"><span style="color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"><span style="color:black">If someone tries to convince you that “air pollution is much more toxic than cigarette smoke” they are challenging the EPA’s assessment that all PM2.5 is equally toxic. If we open that Pandora’s box, we will
find that particles differ strongly in their toxicity and effects on human health. Finding that out would put all the classification of “air pollution” constituents in doubt. So anyone saying, “This smoke is worse than that smoke” will be resisted. It would
threaten the whole enterprise. Suppose some smoke turned out not to be bad for you, almost beneficial. Stove cat, meet air pollution pigeons.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"><span style="color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"><span style="color:black">Regards<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"><span style="color:black">Crispin<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"><span style="color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"><span style="color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"><span style="color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText">Some while back I posted a link to a graph of particulate pollution in UK and how ithe source from agriculture declined sharply when open field straw burning ceased. What intrigued me was how a pollution event that lasted only a few
days affected the figures for a whole year. It also made me wonder if a heavy exposure for a few days was better or worse than a continuous average exposure to the same amount?<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText">Andrew<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText">_______________________________________________<o:p></o:p></p>
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