<div dir="ltr">Ah, I see. <div><i><br></i></div><div><i>''I recommend not reading idiotic newspapers. Best remedy for pollution.' </i> Point taken. </div><div><br></div><div>Teddy</div><div><div><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_signature" data-smartmail="gmail_signature"><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div><b><br></b></div><div><div style="font-size:small"><br></div></div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><br><br><br></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><br></div></div><br><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr">On Mon, Nov 19, 2018 at 4:40 AM Nikhil Desai <<a href="mailto:pienergy2008@gmail.com">pienergy2008@gmail.com</a>> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div dir="auto"><div dir="ltr"><span></span></div><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><span></span></div><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><span></span></div><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><span></span></div><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><span></span></div><div dir="ltr">Teddy: You asked Crispin but I am taking the liberty of replying. </div><div dir="ltr"><br></div><div dir="ltr">Recommend for what?<div><br></div><div>Who is WHO, and what do “recommended guidelines” mean, if not in Kenyan law?</div><div><br></div><div>The 24-hr average, even if it is a Kenyan legal standard at the same level as the WHO recommended guideline, does not mean that level has to be maintained at every spot every moment, or even every day. That is why air quality standards allow annual average and daily or half-hourly spikes exceeding the standard. </div><div><br></div><div>WHO PM10 recommended level for 24-hr mean is 50 mcg/m3. This newspaper article only mentions 266 mcg/m3 for one spot, one moment. </div><div><br></div><div>This doesn’t amount to beans, or a microgram of concern. Yes, asthma patients were hospitalized; I am not making light of that. Just what should be done by whom needs a lot more information. (Send Kirk Smith with monitors and use HAPiT; he will recommend banning home use of solid fuels, and compute aDALYs. He might even be more plausible. To some.)</div><div><br></div><div>The Kenyan authorities would have to define a region for air quality, do air basin modeling, and settle on emissions control from specific sources at particular times for particular levels of daily and annual averages. (Read my reply to Anil a little while ago. Let me see if there is an Air Pollution for Dummies book; if not, EPA should commission me to write it. All the relevant information is on EPA websites.)</div><div><br></div><div>Suppose that the steel mill in the story is to control its emissions. I can’t tell what its options would be. Taller stack is good for gases; not sure about PM10, because heavier particles tend to fall to the ground. (PM10 includes PM5 and PM2.5, I believe.) Taller stack may not make much difference to how far the heavier particles go. </div><div><br></div><div>This idea that an electrostatic precipitator (ESP) could be needed is rather nutty. </div><div><br></div><div>Also, ESP, which is used for particulates, would capture gases, even CO2, which is not a pollutant, is beyond imagination. </div><div><br></div><div>I recommend not reading idiotic newspapers. Best remedy for pollution.</div><div><br></div><div>Incidentally, I wonder what KBS as the head of ISO TC-285 would say about emission standards for this steel mill and their interaction with household cookstoves standards. </div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><br><div id="m_-1618779207131534526AppleMailSignature" dir="ltr">Nikhil <div>Skype: nikhildesai888</div></div><div dir="ltr"><br>On Nov 17, 2018, at 1:09 PM, Cookswell Jikos <<a href="mailto:cookswelljikos@gmail.com" target="_blank">cookswelljikos@gmail.com</a>> wrote:<br><br></div><blockquote type="cite"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr">So what would you recommend?<div><br></div><div><br clear="all"><div><div dir="ltr" class="m_-1618779207131534526gmail_signature" data-smartmail="gmail_signature"><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div><font face="arial narrow, sans-serif">Teddy Kinyanjui</font></div><div><font face="arial narrow, sans-serif">Sustainability Director</font></div><div><font face="arial narrow, sans-serif"><br></font></div><div><img src="https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/-3YUMG1TTODQ/Wh6o8gWfRmI/AAAAAAAAAyw/1bp5qqpvmwQwg5JXqL7hz-OLGSx5nSEXgCK8BGAs/s512/TK%2BEmail%2BLogo.jpg" width="200" height="100"><font face="arial narrow, sans-serif"><br></font><font face="arial narrow, sans-serif"><br></font></div><div><font face="arial narrow, sans-serif"> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/CookswellJikos" target="_blank"><img src="https://images2.imgbox.com/97/28/BgG0H6ZN_o.png"></a> <a href="https://www.instagram.com/cookswelljikos" target="_blank"><img src="https://images2.imgbox.com/54/7e/owicmXIG_o.png"></a> <a href="https://twitter.com/cookswelljikos?lang=en" target="_blank"><img src="https://images2.imgbox.com/64/b1/oh4tfzkH_o.png"></a><br></font></div><div><b><br></b></div><div><div style="font-size:small"><br></div></div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><br><br><br></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><br></div></div><br><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr">On Sat, Nov 17, 2018 at 6:24 PM Crispin Pemberton-Pigott <<a href="mailto:crispinpigott@outlook.com" target="_blank">crispinpigott@outlook.com</a>> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
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<p class="MsoNormal">Dear Teddy</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">We get and idea about the value of the technical analysis by the authors when reading this:</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">“Additional recommendations include: installing fabric filters to reduce emission of fine dust particles, using electrostatic precipitators that can tremendously minimise the emissions of sulphur and nitrogen oxides and carbon dioxide.”</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">If they manage to reduce sulphur and nitrogen oxides and carbon dioxide with the use of an electrostatic precipitator, a large number of people would be interested to know how they did it.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Regards<u></u><u></u></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Crispin<u></u><u></u></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><u></u> </p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#424242">In last weeks newspaper here in Kenya,</span> </p></blockquote></blockquote><div><p class="MsoNormal"><u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#424242">''The residents are also able to use the readings from the sensors to advocate measures to improve the air quality. The sensors.AFRICA project was set up in Mukuru
Kwa Reuben at Reuben FM, 330 meters from Accurate Steel Mills, a subsidiary of Bhachu Industries Limited. The readings from 330m away were high, and we were there to see what the sensors would tell us about pollution closer to the factories.</span></p></blockquote></blockquote>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#424242">The data collected by the air quality sensors confirmed the residents’ claims that the factories regularly release emissions between 2pm and 6pm. Using the World Health
Organisation’s Air Quality guidelines, the data showed that over a seven-day period with data collected over 24hrs, residents living around the sensor at Reuben FM were seeing Particulate Matter (PM) 10 values higher than the WHO-recommended levels over a
24-hour period, four days of the week.</span><u></u><u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#424242">The values were so high, despite being over a quarter of a kilometre away from the factory. The Code for Arica team went on walkabout to take readings with a portable
sensor closer to the factory.</span></p></blockquote></blockquote>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#424242">Our first reading at Maendeleo Learning Centre at 2.59pm was 266 μg/m3 for PM 10, well above WHO air quality standards. The factory with the chimney emitting to the
right of the school was identified as Divani, but that could not be substantiated. Its chimney is visibly lower than the prescribed Nema guidelines, which is 40-50m high from the tallest building in the neighbourhood.</span><u></u><u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#424242">An environment expert at the National clean air production Evans Nangulu said following latest assessments of the Bhachu factory, they had directed the company to
raise its chimneys from 20m to at least 50m to increase the dispersion rate of the waste gases.</span><u></u><u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#424242">Additional recommendations include: installing fabric filters to reduce emission of fine dust particles, using electrostatic precipitators that can tremendously minimise
the emissions of sulphur and nitrogen oxides and carbon dioxide.</span><u></u><u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#424242">On how these regulations are being enforced, Nangulu said: “The main challenge is that we have so many papers on policies and regulations in place, but enforcement
and enactment remains a nightmare. When you go to the ground, you realise very little is being done.”</span><u></u><u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#424242">Adding: “Enforcing these regulations is not a one-off idea. It should be continuous, and if those in charge can tighten their ends to ensure both developers and factories
follow the law, we can reduce the unfortunate situation that the people in Kwa Reuben find themselves in.” Nangulu urged factories to adopt modern technologies to help them manage their emissions.''</span></p></blockquote>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#424242"><a href="https://nam01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.the-star.co.ke%2Fnews%2F2018%2F11%2F07%2Fmukuru-fumes-put-60-asthma-patients-a-month-in-hospital_c1843071&data=02%7C01%7C%7Cf013cb951bbd428d89c608d64c9a18d5%7C84df9e7fe9f640afb435aaaaaaaaaaaa%7C1%7C0%7C636780622053698390&sdata=nFUQnAIFDMnCrK2CxKdNJjUQ1dgEKFdLSR64B8mghSU%3D&reserved=0" target="_blank">https://www.the-star.co.ke/news/2018/11/07/mukuru-fumes-put-60-asthma-patients-a-month-in-hospital_c1843071</a></span> </p></blockquote><blockquote style="border:none;border-left:solid #cccccc 1.0pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 6.0pt;margin-left:4.8pt;margin-right:0cm"><p class="MsoNormal"><u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#424242">Teddy Kinyanjui</span><u></u><u></u></p>
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