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<p class="MsoNormal">Stovers and Charists,<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Below are some recent small-group messages that are worth sharing with the full lists for both stoves and biochar-making. These and other topics will be discussed at the TLUD Summit to be held in the week after ETHOS at Aprovecho. The
Summit is not a closed meeting. If interested, please let us know.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Paul This and other selected messages are available at the “EPosts” page at my website
<a href="http://www.drtlud.com">www.drtlud.com</a> For example, there have been 12 EPosts since the start of September this year.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Doc / Dr TLUD / Paul S. Anderson, PhD<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Exec. Dir. of Juntos Energy Solutions NFP<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Email: <a href="mailto:psanders@ilstu.edu"><span style="color:#0563C1">psanders@ilstu.edu</span></a> Skype: paultlud<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Phone: Office: 309-452-7072 Mobile: 309-531-4434<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Website: <a href="http://www.drtlud.com"><span style="color:#0563C1">www.drtlud.com</span></a>
<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b>From:</b> Anderson, Paul <psanders@ilstu.edu> <br>
<b>Sent:</b> Tuesday, December 4, 2018 10:26 AM<br>
<b>To:</b> Paul Taylor <potaylor@bigpond.com>; Norman Baker <ntbakerphd@gmail.com>; Kirk H. <gkharris316@comcast.net><br>
<b>Cc:</b> Julien Winter <winter.julien@gmail.com>; biocharFIRST <wmknauss@gmail.com>; Art Donnelly <art.donnelly@gmail.com>; Vi Rapp <VHRapp@lbl.gov>; Dean Still <deankstill@gmail.com>; Ron Larson <rongretlarson@comcast.net>; jg45@icloud.com; Ryan Thompson
<ryan@mtnaireng.com>; Jarod Johnson <jjohnson0423@hotmail.com>; Dave Lello <dave@lello.me>; Erin Peiffer <epeiffer1@udayton.edu>; Anderson, Paul <psanders@ilstu.edu><br>
<b>Subject:</b> Flame cap on top of finished TLUD pyrolysis<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">To Paul T. and Norm and all,<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">What you wrote is very well stated about having a flame cap operation in a TLUD that has finished the pyrolysis of the migratory pyrolytic front (MPF). It should be explained that well to everyone who works with or uses TLUD stoves.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">A key part of that explanation is the statement:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:14.0pt">>Running a TLUD to completion, then closing off the primary air and converting to flame cap mode</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Without entry of more primary air (which comes in at the bottom), there is no loss of created charcoal.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">When the primary air is left open, it is less clear that flame cap functions occur, or to what degree. But closing the primary air makes the issue clear.
<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Research questions relate to how small of diameter (and for a specific fuel type) of the fuel container can the TLUD have and still have sufficient heat from the flame cap to cause the pyrolysis of the new fuel on the top of the non-burning
charcoal. Ambient temperature, wind, insulation, the entry of the “flame-cap-air” coming through the secondary air passages (vs. over an open top), and other factors could be significant. One factor would be if the TLUD is ND or FA.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">The questions also relate to whether the flame cap operation is for char making only or is also for having a cooking fire (which sets additional expectations). For char making, this makes sense. For cooking, there could be some issues.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Also, it is important to remember that a TLUD device has the ability to let additional air enter via the primary air inlet (and/or it could have leaks). That would allow for some controlled amount of char-burning that might be crucial
for maintaining sufficient heat above for the new fuel to pyrolyze. Questions include: what is the NET gain (or loss) of char?<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Needed to be said also is that the new fuel on top needs to be added at an appropriate rate (interval and amount), and there is no known research about that rate, as far as I know. We are at the interface of TLUD and Flame Cap technologies.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Paul A. <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">(Sometimes Norm (who has worked considerably with Paul Taylor) attributes things to Paul and even I am not sure if he means Paul A. or Paul T. Paul T. has done major work with TLUD technology and should be appropriately recognized.)<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Doc / Dr TLUD / Paul S. Anderson, PhD<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Exec. Dir. of Juntos Energy Solutions NFP<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Email: <a href="mailto:psanders@ilstu.edu"><span style="color:#0563C1">psanders@ilstu.edu</span></a> Skype: paultlud<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Phone: Office: 309-452-7072 Mobile: 309-531-4434<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Website: <a href="http://www.drtlud.com"><span style="color:#0563C1">www.drtlud.com</span></a>
<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b>From:</b> Paul Taylor <<a href="mailto:potaylor@bigpond.com">potaylor@bigpond.com</a>>
<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Tuesday, December 4, 2018 1:23 AM<br>
<b>To:</b> Anderson, Paul <<a href="mailto:psanders@ilstu.edu">psanders@ilstu.edu</a>>; Norman Baker <<a href="mailto:ntbakerphd@gmail.com">ntbakerphd@gmail.com</a>>; Kirk H. <<a href="mailto:gkharris316@comcast.net">gkharris316@comcast.net</a>><br>
<b>Cc:</b> Julien Winter <<a href="mailto:winter.julien@gmail.com">winter.julien@gmail.com</a>>; biocharFIRST <<a href="mailto:wmknauss@gmail.com">wmknauss@gmail.com</a>>; Art Donnelly <<a href="mailto:art.donnelly@gmail.com">art.donnelly@gmail.com</a>>; Vi
Rapp <<a href="mailto:VHRapp@lbl.gov">VHRapp@lbl.gov</a>>; Dean Still <<a href="mailto:deankstill@gmail.com">deankstill@gmail.com</a>>; Ron Larson <<a href="mailto:rongretlarson@comcast.net">rongretlarson@comcast.net</a>>;
<a href="mailto:jg45@icloud.com">jg45@icloud.com</a>; Ryan Thompson <<a href="mailto:ryan@mtnaireng.com">ryan@mtnaireng.com</a>>; Jarod Johnson <<a href="mailto:jjohnson0423@hotmail.com">jjohnson0423@hotmail.com</a>>; Dave Lello <<a href="mailto:dave@lello.me">dave@lello.me</a>>;
Erin Peiffer <<a href="mailto:epeiffer1@udayton.edu">epeiffer1@udayton.edu</a>><br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: Dates for TLUD Summit <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span style="font-size:14.0pt">Running a TLUD to completion, then closing off the primary air and converting to flame cap mode can preserve the TLUD char and continue to make biochar until the reaction vessel
is filled. This maximizes use of the volume of the vessel, and its heat shield if any, makes the device easy to start in the TLUD mode (primary air supply) and easy to continue in the flame cap mode (a nice base of coals and heat). The vessel-shield-combustor-chimney
arrangement of the hybrid can be optimized for the duel use, to exploit the natural convection flows that are exemplified in the Kon-Tiki, and to allow access to load fuel. We discussed this while developing the ring of fire. Those convection dynamics in
fact provide insight to optimize some aspects of secondary air supply and mixing in a straight TLUD.<br>
<br>
Paul<br>
<br>
<br>
On 12/3/18, 9:40 AM, "Anderson, Paul" <<a href="psanders@ilstu.edu">psanders@ilstu.edu</a>> wrote:</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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Norm and all,<br>
<br>
Please remember to include Dave Lello to receive these messages. I have also added Erin Peiffer to be informed of the Summit. This would be a very good event for her. (Starting her PhD at Oregon State Univ. in January, with experience with TLUDs already.)<br>
<br>
The agenda at the TLUD Summit will probably develop as we know more of who has what to do (in the stove testing lab) and to present about. We can collect a list of topics to discuss, even if the proposer of the topic does not have anything to present about
it. <br>
<br>
I do not want to be responsible for making that list nor for leading / organizing the Summit. A volunteer or two will get lots of help from the rest of us. I am happy to help “organize the group” once we have more clarity<br>
<br>
For the list of “Not TLUD topics” that could be of interest, I could inform about:<br>
A. Efforts for large-quantity charcoal production and PBR (Pyrolytic Biomass Reduction)<br>
B. Use of charcoal for char-gas to run internal combustion engines.<br>
I am active with both of these topics.<br>
<br>
Norm, at another meeting last week (at Univ of Dayton), the presence of a flame cap in a TLUD stove was mentioned. I see the two as being distinctly separate. The presence of a flame above some biomass (sometimes a goodly distance above a layer of charcoal
that covers the lower biomass) does not function in the same was as a flame cap in the sense that it is used (by Kelpie Wilson and others). You may present your reasoning, but expect at least me to challenge that usage of the flame cap explanatory name.
<br>
<br>
Paul <br>
<br>
Doc / Dr TLUD / Paul S. Anderson, PhD<br>
Exec. Dir. of Juntos Energy Solutions NFP<br>
Email: <span style="color:#0563C1"><a href="psanders@ilstu.edu">psanders@ilstu.edu</a></span> <<a href="mailto:psanders@ilstu.edu">mailto:psanders@ilstu.edu</a>> Skype: paultlud<br>
Phone: Office: 309-452-7072 Mobile: 309-531-4434<br>
Website: <span style="color:#0563C1"><a href="http://www.drtlud.com">www.drtlud.com</a></span> <<a href="http://www.drtlud.com">http://www.drtlud.com</a>>
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