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<p class="MsoNormal">Tony,<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">VERY interesting. New to me. <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">This from Wikipedia about Thermite<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b>Thermite</b> (<span class="ipa"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/ˈθɜːrmaɪt/</a></span>)<sup id="cite_ref-1"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermite#cite_note-1">[1]</a></sup>
is a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyrotechnic_composition" title="Pyrotechnic composition">
pyrotechnic composition</a> of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Powder_metallurgy" title="Powder metallurgy">
metal powder</a>, which serves as <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuel" title="Fuel">
fuel</a>, and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metal_oxide" title="Metal oxide">
metal oxide</a>. When ignited by heat, thermite undergoes an <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exothermic" title="Exothermic">
exothermic</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Redox" title="Redox">reduction-oxidation</a> (redox) reaction. Most varieties are not explosive, but can create brief bursts of heat and high temperature in a small area. Its form of action is similar to
that of other fuel-oxidizer mixtures, such as <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunpowder" title="Gunpowder">
black powder</a>.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Thermites have diverse compositions. Fuels include <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aluminium" title="Aluminium">
aluminium</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnesium" title="Magnesium">
magnesium</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titanium" title="Titanium">
titanium</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zinc" title="Zinc">zinc</a>,
<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicon" title="Silicon">silicon</a>, and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boron" title="Boron">
boron</a>. Aluminium is common because of its high <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boiling_point" title="Boiling point">
boiling point</a> and low cost. Oxidizers include <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bismuth(III)_oxide" title="Bismuth(III) oxide">
bismuth(III) oxide</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boron(III)_oxide" title="Boron(III) oxide">
boron(III) oxide</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicon(IV)_oxide" title="Silicon(IV) oxide">
silicon(IV) oxide</a>,…..<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">I hope that we can utilize this and then make progress about why the TLUD-FA stoves with rice hull fuel give such a nice, clean blue flame.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Some chemists might shed more light on this, please.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Is the flame blue if the rice hulls are pyrolyzed? <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Paul<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Doc / Dr TLUD / Paul S. Anderson, PhD<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Exec. Dir. of Juntos Energy Solutions NFP<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Email: <a href="mailto:psanders@ilstu.edu"><span style="color:#0563C1">psanders@ilstu.edu</span></a> Skype: paultlud<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Phone: Office: 309-452-7072 Mobile: 309-531-4434<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Website: <a href="http://www.drtlud.com"><span style="color:#0563C1">www.drtlud.com</span></a>
<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b>From:</b> Stoves <stoves-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org>
<b>On Behalf Of </b>Tony Vovers<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Friday, January 11, 2019 9:41 AM<br>
<b>To:</b> Discussion of biomass cooking stoves <stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org><br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [Stoves] Moderated Message<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Aaron <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">It's not my area of specialty but I suspect rice husks pyrolysis has a lot different chemistry going on than other woody biomass.<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">The rice husks ash is 90+% silicon dioxide Si02 compared to mainly calcium, potassium, magnesium in wood ash.<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">SiO2 is one of the key components of thermite that can melt steel and burns with a bright blue flame. <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Thanks for posting, it's an interesting observation and a reminder that we should not just focus on the organics in our biomass fuels.<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">On Fri, Jan 11, 2019, 02:04 Aaron Wingle <<a href="mailto:wingleaaron@gmail.com">wingleaaron@gmail.com</a> wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">I couldn’t figure out how to reply directly to the threads about Paul Oliver Rice Husk Burner. <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Through my observations I have noticed there is something magical about rice husk pyrolysis and forced air draft stoves. They always burn clean and blue or violet in crazy ways that I haven’t witnessed on many wood stoves. Alex English
has a blue flame wood stove and one other possible person and myself. <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">I would like to see a video or photographs showing that stove burning on wood pellets or chips. My guess is a mostly yellow flame is produced. <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Does anyone know why rice husks are magical?<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">As an experimenter of these TLUD stoves I find misrepresentation of the cleanliness and efficiency to cause disheartened stove designers. <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">If I am wrong and that stove burns blue while burning wood chips or pellets, I’ll add Paul Oliver to my TLUD designer shrine of Worship. <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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