<div dir="ltr"><div class="gmail_default" style="font-size:small">Getting back to Ron's original post, we are going to test pulling each cob out of a three-stone cookstove when the fire on the cob goes out.</div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-size:small"><br></div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-size:small">Cob charcoal is inferior to wood charcoal and more brittle. But when a cook/producer is seller to her neighbor, they will find a price that reflects that inferiority.</div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-size:small"><br></div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-size:small">When the cob char is used as biochar, the brittleness may be a positive. It should be easier to crush.</div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-size:small"><br></div><div><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_signature" data-smartmail="gmail_signature"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div>Kevin</div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><br></div><br><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Tue, Jan 21, 2020 at 11:00 PM Carlo Figà Talamanca <<a href="mailto:carloft@gmail.com">carloft@gmail.com</a>> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir="ltr">Dear all,<div>despite the very low density of corncob-char, it has a very high fixed carbon content (around 80% according to our lab analysis and charred in our TLUD large scale kilns at around 800-1,000 C.).</div><div><br></div><div>At OTAGO in Cambodia we have produced high compressed corncob char-briquettes, which burn over 3 hours, are very strong (they don't brittle when packaged, handled and burnt) and are second in quality only to our coconut shell char-briquettes (better then the wood charcoal residues briquettes). We have done an entire university thesis on corncob charcoal and char-briquettes with a biology engineering student here in Cambodia.</div><div><br></div><div>We currently don't produce corncob char-briquettes because the supply of corncobs is seasonal here in Cambodia and therefore we have opted for more secure (non-seasonal) feedstock such as coconut shells. However, if there were places where the supply is abundant and reliable, corncobs make a great feedstock for char-briquettes according to our experience.</div><div><br></div><div>Best,</div><div>Carlo</div></div><br><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Wed, Jan 22, 2020 at 8:03 AM Crispin Pemberton-Pigott <<a href="mailto:crispinpigott@outlook.com" target="_blank">crispinpigott@outlook.com</a>> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
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<div id="gmail-m_-520652745319839913gmail-m_1888096847165542098response_container_BBPPID" dir="auto" style="outline:none">
<div name="BB10" id="gmail-m_-520652745319839913gmail-m_1888096847165542098BB10_response_div_BBPPID" dir="auto" style="width:100%">Yes I understand that. Charcoal has very little value as a fertilizer too, but it provides aeration and hold moisture moderating growing conditions. </div>
<div name="BB10" id="gmail-m_-520652745319839913gmail-m_1888096847165542098BB10_response_div_BBPPID" dir="auto" style="width:100%"><br>
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<div name="BB10" id="gmail-m_-520652745319839913gmail-m_1888096847165542098BB10_response_div_BBPPID" dir="auto" style="width:100%">It also has little value as a fuel because of its low mass and high ash content. It may be that it would fail an ash content maximum in a national standard. </div>
<div name="BB10" id="gmail-m_-520652745319839913gmail-m_1888096847165542098BB10_response_div_BBPPID" dir="auto" style="width:100%"><br>
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<div name="BB10" id="gmail-m_-520652745319839913gmail-m_1888096847165542098BB10_response_div_BBPPID" dir="auto" style="width:100%">It's main merit is that is already collected and has no other significant use. When surveying biomass fuel use on Lombok Island I observed a major use of corn cobs to be salt making.
They burn well in bulk. They tend to char completely and then burn as char. That means there is gas production initially and a hot char fire afterwards. It's a pretty clean burn. They do better with a grate. </div>
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<div name="BB10" id="gmail-m_-520652745319839913gmail-m_1888096847165542098response_div_spacer_BBPPID" dir="auto" style="width:100%">Regards </div>
<div name="BB10" id="gmail-m_-520652745319839913gmail-m_1888096847165542098response_div_spacer_BBPPID" dir="auto" style="width:100%">Crispin </div>
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<div id="gmail-m_-520652745319839913gmail-m_1888096847165542098from"><b>From:</b> info@sun24.solar</div>
<div id="gmail-m_-520652745319839913gmail-m_1888096847165542098sent"><b>Sent:</b> January 21, 2020 7:33 PM</div>
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<div id="gmail-m_-520652745319839913gmail-m_1888096847165542098subject"><b>Subject:</b> Re: [Stoves] Char from Corn cobs ??</div>
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<div class="gmail_default" style="font-size:small">Hi Crispin,</div>
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<div class="gmail_default" style="font-size:small">Cobs have little fertilizer value, especially compared to stover. I don't know about plowing over, probably depends on the farm.</div>
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<div class="gmail_default" style="font-size:small">Kevin</div>
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<div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Tue, Jan 21, 2020 at 7:28 PM Crispin Pemberton-Pigott <<a href="mailto:crispinpigott@outlook.com" target="_blank">crispinpigott@outlook.com</a>> wrote:<br>
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Dear Kevin </div>
<div name="BB10" id="gmail-m_-520652745319839913gmail-m_1888096847165542098gmail-m_-3603853941898097272BB10_response_div_BBPPID" dir="auto" style="width:100%">
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Are they left to rot in the fields, because that is fertilizer. </div>
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Perhaps they are ploughed under. That helps hold moisture. </div>
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Crispin </div>
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<div id="gmail-m_-520652745319839913gmail-m_1888096847165542098gmail-m_-3603853941898097272from"><b>From:</b> info@sun24.solar</div>
<div id="gmail-m_-520652745319839913gmail-m_1888096847165542098gmail-m_-3603853941898097272sent"><b>Sent:</b> January 21, 2020 7:14 PM</div>
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<div id="gmail-m_-520652745319839913gmail-m_1888096847165542098gmail-m_-3603853941898097272subject"><b>Subject:</b> Re: [Stoves] Char from Corn cobs ??</div>
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<div class="gmail_default" style="font-size:small">Here is a <a href="https://eur03.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fiaafrica.com%2Fa-day-in-rural-south-africa-photo-essay%2F&data=02%7C01%7C%7Cb3f980b3ce574ff6210908d79ed2c015%7C84df9e7fe9f640afb435aaaaaaaaaaaa%7C1%7C0%7C637152500318916388&sdata=R%2BUwErHu3AOUTZFtZLNRj76Ew4U3hCaBBdAI7wtsqpo%3D&reserved=0" target="_blank">
photo essay</a> on South African families collecting and burning maize cobs as cooking fuel. But I've been emailing off list Abraham Abyslo in Nigeria, a member of this list. Nobody in his area burns cobs, though maize is grown in abundance. The cobs are
left to rot. It seems to vary by country and area within the country.</div>
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<div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Tue, Jan 21, 2020 at 7:02 PM Crispin Pemberton-Pigott <<a href="mailto:crispinpigott@outlook.com" target="_blank">crispinpigott@outlook.com</a>> wrote:<br>
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Dear Neil</div>
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You have highlighted th the main two attributes: high burn rate due to a high surface to volume area, and a weak structure. </div>
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To make a useful fuel outside the (literally) immediate place isn't production it has to be densified unless there is a use for powdered char. The reason I mentioned the new Ugandan charcoal standard is because it has a requirement for the production of fines
when bag is dropped. Charred cobs will never pass such a test. </div>
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The reason they have the requirement is that the fines do not burn well. At all. So selling a bag of charcoal briquettes is going to be cheating the customer if it is 10% fines. </div>
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Regards </div>
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Crispin </div>
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<b>From:</b> <a href="mailto:neiltm@uwclub.net" target="_blank">neiltm@uwclub.net</a></div>
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<b>Sent:</b> January 21, 2020 5:04 PM</div>
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<b>Subject:</b> Re: [Stoves] Char from Corn cobs ??</div>
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<div>On 21 Jan 2020 at 8:25, Cookswell Jikos wrote:<br>
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> Corn cob charcoal itself is pretty awesome - it burns super fast and<br>
> hot which makes it good for blending with regular charcoal or quick<br>
> cooking of things like tea or rice. <br>
<br>
I have burned a few and then burned the char, not exclusively but mixed <br>
in with other 'fines' and generally friable char saved from TLUD and <br>
rocket stoves mostly, and I can identify with the above statement when <br>
comparing my home made char with more substantial commercial 'lumpwood' <br>
charcoal.<br>
I also find that wood that has half rotted, but when dry makes a very <br>
friable char, much as the corn cobs do, and does indeed burn super fast <br>
and hot, lighting exteremely quickly, which is also true of the wood <br>
itself in the TLUD.<br>
<br>
With my small cast iron pot bellied BBQ with the addition of my computer <br>
fan 'turbo', I can have a fire to cook on in about a minute from lighting <br>
with a couple of sheets of newspaper under the grate, and with enough <br>
fuel in a single charge, a fire that lasts long enough to cook chicken <br>
pieces - about 40 mins.<br>
<br>
I introduced the fan when I experienced inadequate draft because of the <br>
density of the layer of fine char impeding air flow, but apart from <br>
starting the fire, mostly it is not necessary once going, although <br>
sometimes useful in short bursts as another way to vary the heat, and if <br>
I reload during a long cook.<br>
<br>
I can appreciate though that this type of char might be difficult to <br>
transport and sell without degredation and would presumably need the sort <br>
of charcoal stove that can burn pellet char which I imagine is more <br>
structurally robust but have no experience of. But used at source I find <br>
it excellent and easy, and makes for a very controllable heat. <br>
<br>
Neil Taylor in England<br>
<br>
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