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<p class="MsoPlainText">Dear George<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText">I read an article which could be described as "completely debunking" the claim. Far more important than PM2.5 is vitamin D3. “air pollution” is not “measured” so how can they determine that “less means less”? Demonstrating a strong,
convincing link between Vitamin D deficiency and COVID-19 is a trivial undertaking.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText">Crispin<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText">[This is not a full quote]<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText">"Vitamin D supplementation could possibly improve clinical outcomes of patients infected with COVID-19, a preprint by Dr Mark Alipio of Davao Doctors’ College, Philippines (https://ssrn.com/abstract=3571484), reports retrospectively
on 212 Chinese-virus cases. The Vitamin D level was found to be lowest in critical cases and highest in mild cases. Most of those infected had Vitamin D deficiency.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText">"For each standard-deviation increase in serum 25-hydroxy-Vitamin D, the risk of a severe outcome was reduced
<b>eightfold</b>, and the risk of a critical outcome was reduced <b>20-fold</b>.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText">"Several doctors wrote to the BMJ last week drawing attention to Dr Alipio’s results: “Vitamin D biology is a mature well-researched field, dating back 100 years. Doses, and risks, within clinical parameters, are established and well
quantified. Governmental intake guidance exists. Vitamin D deficiency is a medically accepted condition, requiring treatment.” In Britain, one in five are deficient in Vitamin D, which is why Public Health England recommends that everyone should take supplementation
during the lockdown."<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText">“Interestingly, the paper recommends much higher dosages than usual: “To reduce the risk of infection, it is recommended that people at risk of influenza and/or COVID-19 consider taking 10,000 international units per day of vitamin D3
for a few weeks to rapidly raise 25(OH)D concentrations, followed by 5000 international units per day.”<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText" style="outline: 0px;font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;orphans: 2;text-align:start;widows: 2;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;text-decoration-style: initial;text-decoration-color: initial;word-spacing:0px">
<o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText">“The paper also recommends doubling what had been regarded as the minimum threshold concentration of Vitamin D in the blood: “… raise 25(OH)D concentrations above 40-60 nanograms per millilitre (100-150 nanomoles per liter). For treatment
of people who become infected with COVID-19, higher vitamin D3 doses might be useful.”<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText" style="outline: 0px;font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;orphans: 2;text-align:start;widows: 2;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;text-decoration-style: initial;text-decoration-color: initial;word-spacing:0px">
<o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText">“Patterns of COVID-19 Mortality and Vitamin D: An Indonesian Study (Rahasurun et al., April 26, 2020: <a href="https://ssrn.com/abstract=3585561"><span style="color:windowtext;text-decoration:none">https://ssrn.com/abstract=3585561</span></a>)
looked at 780 patients. “… the majority of the death cases were male and older and had pre-existing conditions and below-normal Vitamin D serum levels … with increasing odds of death. When controlling for age, sex, and comorbidity, Vitamin D status is strongly
associated with COVID-19 mortality outcome …”<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText" style="outline: 0px;font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;orphans: 2;text-align:start;widows: 2;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;text-decoration-style: initial;text-decoration-color: initial;word-spacing:0px">
<o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText">“Vitamin D insufficiency is prevalent in severe COVID-19 (Lau et al., doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.24.20075838"><span style="color:windowtext;text-decoration:none">https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.24.20075838</span></a>)
found that 11 of 13 intensive-care patients were deficient in Vitamin D, compared with only 4 of 7 not requiring intensive care. All Chinese-virus patients under 75 had Vitamin D deficiency.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText">See the rest at:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"><a href="https://wattsupwiththat.com/2020/05/04/vitamin-d3-and-the-chinese-virus-coronavirus/">https://wattsupwiththat.com/2020/05/04/vitamin-d3-and-the-chinese-virus-coronavirus/</a><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-language:EN-CA">-----Original Message-----<br>
From: Stoves <stoves-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org> On Behalf Of George Riegg<br>
Sent: Monday, May 04, 2020 17:49<br>
To: ajheggie@gmail.com; 'Discussion of biomass cooking stoves' <stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org><br>
Subject: Re: [Stoves] Query</span></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText">Hi Andrew,<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText">Thanks - I guess everybody is hunkering down and just like here, much of the field work has been put on halt.
<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText">I came across an interesting article at BBC<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"><a href="https://eur05.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Ffuture%2Farticle%2F20200427-how-air-pollution-exacerbates-co&data=02%7C01%7C%7C12a312e3b6694a8c384f08d7f075506d%7C84df9e7fe9f640afb435aaaaaaaaaaaa%7C1%7C0%7C637242258997843744&sdata=E1xQAp%2B93TaWdt8syq7M47u7siwHPmmGt6x%2BUbUniTM%3D&reserved=0"><span style="color:windowtext;text-decoration:none">https://eur05.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Ffuture%2Farticle%2F20200427-how-air-pollution-exacerbates-co&data=02%7C01%7C%7C12a312e3b6694a8c384f08d7f075506d%7C84df9e7fe9f640afb435aaaaaaaaaaaa%7C1%7C0%7C637242258997843744&sdata=E1xQAp%2B93TaWdt8syq7M47u7siwHPmmGt6x%2BUbUniTM%3D&reserved=0</span></a><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText">vid-19 making a tentative link between PM 2.5 and COVIT-19 (or at least the severity of incidents) so I was wondering how long this group has been looking into the PM 2.5 issue and its health effects.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText">Hope you're dong ok - and the other folks here too.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText">Cheers<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText">George<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText">-----Original Message-----<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText">From: Stoves [<a href="mailto:stoves-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org"><span style="color:windowtext;text-decoration:none">mailto:stoves-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org</span></a>] On Behalf Of
<a href="mailto:ajheggie@gmail.com"><span style="color:windowtext;text-decoration:none">ajheggie@gmail.com</span></a><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText">Sent: Monday, May 04, 2020 22:06<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText">To: Discussion of biomass cooking stoves<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText">Subject: Re: [Stoves] Query<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText">On Mon, 4 May 2020 at 17:50, George Riegg <<a href="mailto:icecool@qanet.gm"><span style="color:windowtext;text-decoration:none">icecool@qanet.gm</span></a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText">><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText">> Hi Tom?<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText">><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText">><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText">><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText">> For how long has the stoves list been going?<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText">Hi George<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText">That's broken a long silence, I think it was 1993 although I don't think I joined till around 1995, perhaps Tom will pop along to confirm.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText">Andrew<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText">_______________________________________________<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText">Stoves mailing list<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoPlainText">.org<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText">for more Biomass Cooking Stoves, News and Information see our web site:<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoPlainText"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoPlainText">_______________________________________________<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoPlainText">for more Biomass Cooking Stoves, News and Information see our web site:<o:p></o:p></p>
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