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<p class="MsoNormal">Dear Friends<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">There is a paper by A. Saravanakumar, T.M. Haridasan, Thomas B. Reed which I would like to bring to your attention.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">A frequent complaint about gasifiers is that the fuel ahs to be chipped or reduced to mall pieces. This paper explores the gasification of stick wood in a rather interesting manner. It will not be of interest to everyone, but is worth
a look and has some solid theory and construction advice. <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">It is called Flaming pyrolysis model of the fixed bed cross draft long-stick wood gasifier.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">You can see it (free) for research and discussion purposes at<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/4295996/Flaming_pyrolysis_model_of_the_fixed_bed_cross_draft_long_stick_wood_gasifier">https://www.academia.edu/4295996/Flaming_pyrolysis_model_of_the_fixed_bed_cross_draft_long_stick_wood_gasifier</a><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:AdvTT5235d5a9;color:#231F20">Abstract:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:AdvTT5235d5a9;color:#231F20">The future industrial development of biomass energy depends on the application of renewable energy<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:AdvTT5235d5a9;color:#231F20">technology in an ef</span><span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:AdvTT5235d5a9+fb;color:#231F20">fi</span><span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:AdvTT5235d5a9;color:#231F20">cient
manner. Of all the competing technologies under biomass, gasi</span><span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:AdvTT5235d5a9+fb;color:#231F20">fi</span><span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:AdvTT5235d5a9;color:#231F20">ers are considered<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:AdvTT5235d5a9;color:#231F20">to be one of most viable applications. The use of biomass fuel, especially biomass wastes, for distributed<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:AdvTT5235d5a9;color:#231F20">power production can be economically viable in many parts of the world through gasi</span><span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:AdvTT5235d5a9+fb;color:#231F20">fi</span><span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:AdvTT5235d5a9;color:#231F20">cation
of biomass.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:AdvTT5235d5a9;color:#231F20">Since biomass, is a clean and renewable fuel, gasi</span><span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:AdvTT5235d5a9+fb;color:#231F20">fi</span><span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:AdvTT5235d5a9;color:#231F20">cation
gives the opportunity to convert biomass into clean<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:AdvTT5235d5a9;color:#231F20">fuel gas or synthesis gas for industrial uses. The preparation of feedstock for a gasi</span><span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:AdvTT5235d5a9+fb;color:#231F20">fi</span><span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:AdvTT5235d5a9;color:#231F20">er
requires time, energy<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:AdvTT5235d5a9;color:#231F20">and labour and this has been a setback for gasi</span><span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:AdvTT5235d5a9+fb;color:#231F20">fi</span><span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:AdvTT5235d5a9;color:#231F20">er
technology development. The present work is focused on<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:AdvTT5235d5a9;color:#231F20">gasi</span><span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:AdvTT5235d5a9+fb;color:#231F20">fi</span><span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:AdvTT5235d5a9;color:#231F20">cation
of long-stick wood as a feed material for gasi</span><span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:AdvTT5235d5a9+fb;color:#231F20">fi</span><span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:AdvTT5235d5a9;color:#231F20">ers. This application makes reduction not only in<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:AdvTT5235d5a9;color:#231F20">the cost but also on the power consumption of feed material preparation. A 50 m</span><span style="font-size:5.0pt;font-family:AdvTT5235d5a9;color:#231F20">3</span><span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:AdvTT5235d5a9;color:#231F20">/h
capacity gasi</span><span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:AdvTT5235d5a9+fb;color:#231F20">fi</span><span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:AdvTT5235d5a9;color:#231F20">er was<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:AdvTT5235d5a9;color:#231F20">fabricated in the cross draft mode. The cross draft mode makes it possible to produce low tar content in<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:AdvTT5235d5a9;color:#231F20">producer gas. This cross draft mode operates with 180W of blower supply for air to produce 10 kW of<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:AdvTT5235d5a9;color:#231F20">thermal output. The initial bed heights of the long-stick wood and charcoal are 58 cm and 48 cm respectively.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:AdvTT5235d5a9;color:#231F20">Results were obtained for various
</span><span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:AdvTT5235d5a9+fb;color:#231F20">fl</span><span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:AdvTT5235d5a9;color:#231F20">ow conditions with air
</span><span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:AdvTT5235d5a9+fb;color:#231F20">fl</span><span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:AdvTT5235d5a9;color:#231F20">ow rates ranging from 20 to 30 m</span><span style="font-size:5.0pt;font-family:AdvTT5235d5a9;color:#231F20">3</span><span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:AdvTT5235d5a9;color:#231F20">/h.
For modelling,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:AdvTT5235d5a9;color:#231F20">the
</span><span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:AdvTT5235d5a9+fb;color:#231F20">fl</span><span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:AdvTT5235d5a9;color:#231F20">aming pyrolysis time for long-stick wood in the gasi</span><span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:AdvTT5235d5a9+fb;color:#231F20">fi</span><span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:AdvTT5235d5a9;color:#231F20">er
is calculated to be 1.6 min. The length of the </span><span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:AdvTT5235d5a9+fb;color:#231F20">fl</span><span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:AdvTT5235d5a9;color:#231F20">aming<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:AdvTT5235d5a9;color:#231F20">pyrolysis zone and char gasi</span><span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:AdvTT5235d5a9+fb;color:#231F20">fi</span><span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:AdvTT5235d5a9;color:#231F20">cation
zone is found to be 34 cm and 30 cm respectively. The rate of feed was<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:AdvTT5235d5a9;color:#231F20">between 9 and 10 kg/h. Continuous operation for 5 h was used for three runs to study the performance. In this<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:AdvTT5235d5a9;color:#231F20">study we measured the temperature and pressure in the different zones as a function of air</span><span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:AdvTT5235d5a9+fb;color:#231F20">fl</span><span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:AdvTT5235d5a9;color:#231F20">ow.
We measured the<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:AdvTT5235d5a9;color:#231F20">gas
</span><span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:AdvTT5235d5a9+fb;color:#231F20">fl</span><span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:AdvTT5235d5a9;color:#231F20">ow and ef</span><span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:AdvTT5235d5a9+fb;color:#231F20">fi</span><span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:AdvTT5235d5a9;color:#231F20">ciency
of the gasi</span><span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:AdvTT5235d5a9+fb;color:#231F20">fi</span><span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:AdvTT5235d5a9;color:#231F20">er in order to determine its commercial potential for process and power<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:AdvTT5235d5a9;color:#231F20">industries.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:AdvTT5235d5a9;color:#231F20"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Regards<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Crispin<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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