[Gasification] Flaming pyrolysis modelling of truncated updraft gasifier

A.Saravanakumar sara_mnes at rediffmail.com
Fri Jul 20 12:57:33 CDT 2012


To my Dear Booster Reed,



Warm Greetings,



Dear Booster,

 

Warm Greetings,



You are my GAS GURU and inspiration to us.

 

I pray for your early recovery from the fall.

 

I kindly request you to see through the paper and make necessary corrections in this paper in 

the aspect of Elsevier publications.

 

Please check the manuscript for grammatical errors and instances of badly worded/constructed 

sentences and refine the language carefully.

 

I kindly request you to correct the paper, which I have sent for your kind perusal.

 

Thanking you

 

Yours faithfully

 

A. Saravanakumar



On Fri, 20 Jul 2012 00:35:29 +0530  wrote

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Today's Topics:







  1. Re: BIOCOAL - THE WOOD FUEL OF THE FUTURE (Tombreed)



  2. Re: BIOCOAL - THE WOOD FUEL OF THE FUTURE (Tombreed)



  3. Re: BIOCOAL - THE WOOD FUEL OF THE FUTURE (Tom Miles)



  4. Re: BIOCOAL - THE WOOD FUEL OF THE FUTURE (Peter & Kerry)



  5. Re: BIOCOAL - THE WOOD FUEL OF THE FUTURE (Thomas Reed)



  6. Re: BIOCOAL - THE WOOD FUEL OF THE FUTURE (David G. LeVine)



  7. Re: BIOCOAL - THE WOOD FUEL OF THE ??????? (Thomas Koch)



  8. Re: BIOCOAL - THE WOOD FUEL OF THE FUTURE (Joshua Bogart)



  9. To all... a question (Kenny Redd)



 10. Re: BIOCOAL - THE WOOD FUEL OF THE ??????? (Pannirselvam P.V)



 11. Re: BIOCOAL - THE WOOD FUEL OF THE FUTURE (Pannirselvam P.V)



 12. Re: To all... a question (Kevin)



 13. Re: To all... a question (Tom)



 14. Re: To all... a question (Greg Manning)











----------------------------------------------------------------------







Message: 1



Date: Wed, 18 Jul 2012 17:30:10 -0400



From: Tombreed 



To: Discussion of biomass pyrolysis and gasification







Cc: Discussion of biomass pyrolysis and gasification







Subject: Re: [Gasification] BIOCOAL - THE WOOD FUEL OF THE FUTURE



Message-ID: 



Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8"











Greg and all







The conversion of wood to charcoal is endothermic up to ~300C, but exothermic above 300c. So 

it is important in making Biocoal NOT to let the reaction continue over to charcoal. 







The use of a gas at 300 C prevents overheating in making Biocoal.







Good luck!







Tom Reed







> Greetings Tom, Leland Jeff, Mark, List, Etc. (and anyone I missed).



> 



> The Idea of torification is a good one, IF, (and only IF), one can also use the byproducts 

of that torification process.



> 



> I for one, am (have been) moving in this direction, as it is much easier to control, and run 

a gasifier running on torified product, especially when it comes to motive applications.



> 



> Tom, I will be doing some tests on a 30 gallon drum (no 55's around here) within the week or 

so, your idea of running it from waste heat off of an engine is great (as long as we are only 

researching), I could (if one was currently configured) run a test from a CHP generator set 

that would be running off of torified wood in the first place, however, that will have to 

wait.



> 



> until then,



> 



> Greg Manning



> 



> 



> On Mon, Jul 16, 2012 at 8:22 AM, Tombreed  wrote:



> Dear Mark, Greg and all



> 



> Thanks for your good wishes, and I am now mobile with a walker. Lots of time to pursue 

thermoplastics, pyrolysis and BIOCOAL.



> 



> 



> 



> BIOCOAL (290-310C) is a very specific product of WOOD TORREFACTION (200-310C) which may 

become the ideal end product for wood fuel in the future.



> 



> Heating wood to 300C drives off all water and some excess H2O and CO2, giving an increaseth 

of energy content from ~ 8000 to 10,000 Btu/lb, a friable product easily reduced to face 

powder particle size for coal-like combustion, pelletization use, and conferring a waterproof 

nature. The emitted gases are combustible, and more than adequate to providerthe process heat 

for roasting, crushing and briquetting. It is superior to coal In lacking suffer and high ash.



> 



> I wish I was younger and richer. I believe I would jump into Biocoal with both feet. 

Conventional COAL is such an ideal fuel in many ways, and Biocoal fixes the problem areas of 

sulfur and ash.



> 



> 



> 



> Before my fall I was planning to convert a 55 gal drum of wood scrap into BIOCOAL. I hope 

someone will try this.



> 



> At idle the exhaust of a car or truck is about 700C at several ATM pressure. Two taps, 

before and after the muffler should make it possible to withdraw a 300C stream of gas through 

the barrel of wood and heat the wood to BIOCOAL without allowing overheating.



> 



> By heating with a 300C gas, one prevents the exothermic continuing of the wood to charcoal 

at 400 C.



> 



> Looking forward to a BIOCOAL future,



> 



> Tom Reed



> 



> Thomas B Reed 



> 



> 



> On Jul 15, 2012, at 2:59 PM, Greg Manning  wrote:



> 



>> Greetings Tom, (and list)



>> 



>> Tom, It's great to hear that the fall was not really bad, even though still an inconvenence 

though.



>> 



>> I have one question/answer I would like to pose, and that is....



>> 



>> Every pelletized product I've gasified, all have done the same thing, they expand in 

heat/moisture of the hearth.



>> 



>> One solution I've come up with (even though it lowers the total output of the gasifier) is 

using parasitic power to run a torification process, instead of a partial combustion process.



>> 



>> All in all, when one looks to both methods of gas evolution, the later is a cleaner method 

(torification). With the losses of available mass for gas, when partial combustion is applied, 

the parasitic power difference, in torification is much less, (because of more mass being 

torified, instead of combusted).



>> 



>> Torification is a much easier method of controlling the hearth's internal temperature, IMO, 

and handles pelleted products much better, as it gets the moisture level to a level that does 

not expand the pellets as much (air moisture ??).



>> 



>> 



>> Greg Manning



>> 



>> 



>> 



>> On Sun, Jul 15, 2012 at 11:30 AM, Tombreed  wrote:



>> Dear Mark and all



>> 



>> Thanks so much for your warming words, twice as warming, here in the Fairview Recovery unit 

of the Worcester Memorial Hospital system.  I fell down 13 stairs, bound to be unlucky, BUT no 

permanent damage! I'm recuperating in my daugher's guest suite, dreaming about a Fall cruise!



>> 



>> Here's a puzzle for all to chew on. "Gasification" of wood implies the complete conversion 

of both the cellulose (80%) and lignin (20%) components. The tars from the lignin are 

basically aromatic due to the aromatic structure of lignin, and may be the principle component 

of the smoke and tar.



>> 



>> The primary fuel is then the cellulose smoke, various volatiles that burn cleanly, leaving 

no solids. 



>> My expert Friend, Mike Antal, Coral Prof. At the University of Hawaii, could give chapter 

and verse on the nature of the volatiles from burning celluloses. 



>> 



>> Paper and high cellulose paper products could be a much cleaner biomass fuel and are easily 

pelletized. Wood pellets have become a major fuel source in the past decade. Is it possible 

that paper pellets could be even more important and cleaner and cheaper?



>> 



>> Best wishes to all of you from Tom Reed, back from a bad fall.



>> 



>> Tom Reed



>> 



>> 



>> 



>> 



>> 



>> 



>> 



>> Thomas B Reed 



>> 



>> 



>> On Jul 12, 2012, at 3:42 AM, "Mark Ludlow"  wrote:



>> 



>>> Dear Dr. Reed,



>>> 



>>> 



>>> 



>>> You are a mainstay and inspiration to us all. How frustrating it must have been to feel 

yourself fall! There?s really no reason why the Universe chose you. It certainly was not 

Karma.



>>> 



>>> 



>>> 



>>> I know you must feel miserable. But I hope that you know that many people love and admire 

you and are probably wishing, as I wish, that they could have taken that fall for you.



>>> 



>>> 



>>> 



>>> Best wishes,



>>> 



>>> Mark 



>>> 



>>> _______________________________________________



>>> 



>>> Gasification mailing list



>>> 



>>> to Send a Message to the list, use the email address



>>> Gasification at bioenergylists.org



>>> 



>>> to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List Settings use the web page



>>> http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/gasification_lists.bioenergylists.org



>>> 



>>> for more Gasifiers, News and Information see our web site:



>>> http://gasifiers.bioenergylists.org/



>> 



>> 



>> _______________________________________________



>> Gasification mailing list



>> 



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>> 



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>> 



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>> http://gasifiers.bioenergylists.org/



>> 



>> 



>> _______________________________________________



>> Gasification mailing list



>> 



>> to Send a Message to the list, use the email address



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>> 



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>> 



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> 



> 



> _______________________________________________



> Gasification mailing list



> 



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> 



> 



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-------------- next part --------------



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------------------------------







Message: 2



Date: Wed, 18 Jul 2012 17:36:04 -0400



From: Tombreed 



To: Discussion of biomass pyrolysis and gasification







Subject: Re: [Gasification] BIOCOAL - THE WOOD FUEL OF THE FUTURE



Message-ID: 



Content-Type: text/plain;charset=us-ascii







Dear Peter







I wish I could be a fly on your wall. Best of luck on your project.







Tom Reed







Thomas B Reed 











On Jul 16, 2012, at 9:55 PM, Peter & Kerry  wrote:







> Dear Tom R,



> 



> 13 steps eh? After missing the first one the rest just followed naturally... Did you find 

you experienced a little time distortion? When I was hit by a truck back in 96' I recall 

having more than enough time to reflect on what was happening even though from start to finish 

it was less than a handful of seconds.



> 



> Very glad you are recovering and still thinking of the future.



> 



> A few years ago before he retired Jim Arcate in Hawaii used to have an excellent website on 

Torrefied wood as a coal replacement with detailed engineering calculations on energy balances 

etc. I still use some of his original spreadsheets. Together with the late Thomas Stubbing 

(Airless Drying) the three of us had many interesting and detailed discussions on technology 

approaches and applications. We were a bit ahead of time in terms of markets though. Plus ten 

years on my wife and I are are finally beginning to realise these plans over here in OZ. We 

are just setting up to do commercial trials of biocoal (torrefied wood) from wood chips for a 

client with lots of wood waste and customers asking them specifically can they tailor a 

product to suit their coal boiler applications that doesn't require anything in the way of 

modifications to their existing plant?



> 



> A happy convergence of need, knowledge and resource. The recently introduced Federal Carbon 

Tax is also spurring interest. One of the keys to doing this successfully at scale is a well 

designed gasifier, to provide the process control, heat and emissions management for a 

dedicated continuous retort. The former we have been working on ourselves with some success, 

and the latter we are partnering with another old contact who focused his efforts on pyrolysis 

instead, with equal success.



> 



> We do plan on using engine exhaust from an on site IC engine generator similar to what you 

suggest only for the initial moisture reduction (starting mc for the feed stock is 50%). This 

will allow the retort itself to run at optimum on pre-dried chips and lift the gas output 

quality from this so it is easier to capture its energy. The generator will run off the 

gasifier and be used to power the wood chipping and material handling etc. The plant design 

allows flexibility in product output, from simply drying wood chips (uniform gasifier fuel) 

through biocoal (enhanced boiler fuel) to biochar (soil amendment) as required. The first 

plant for this should be commissioned before the end of the year near Canberra using radiata 

pine plantation residues as feed stock.



> 



> We are just 25 minutes from the Canberra Airport and we intend to make this plant will be 

available for viewing when commissioned.



> 



> Keep on recovering, the world needs more wisdom.



> 



> cheers,



> Peter



> 



> "When I was young I started with nothing, and now that I am older I still have some of this 

left..."



> 



> 



> 



> On 17/07/2012 5:00 AM, gasification-request at lists.bioenergylists.org wrote:



>> BIOCOAL (290-310C) is a very specific product of WOOD TORREFACTION (200-310C) which may 

become the ideal end product for wood fuel in the future.



>> 



>> Heating wood to 300C drives off all water and some excess H2O and CO2, giving an increase 

of energy content from ~ 8000 to 10,000 Btu/lb, a friable product easily reduced to face 

powder particle size for coal-like combustion, pelletization use, and conferring a waterproof 

nature. The emitted gases are combustible, and more than adequate to provide the process heat 

for roasting, crushing and briquetting. It is superior to coal In lacking suffer and high ash.



>> 



>> I wish I was younger and richer. I believe I would jump into Biocoal with both feet. 

Conventional COAL is such an ideal fuel in many ways, and Biocoal fixes the problem areas of 

sulfur and ash.



> 



> 



> 



> _______________________________________________



> Gasification mailing list



> 



> to Send a Message to the list, use the email address



> Gasification at bioenergylists.org



> 



> to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List Settings use the web page



> http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/gasification_lists.bioenergylists.org



> 



> for more Gasifiers, News and Information see our web site:



> http://gasifiers.bioenergylists.org/















------------------------------







Message: 3



Date: Wed, 18 Jul 2012 15:51:41 -0700



From: "Tom Miles" 



To: "'Discussion of biomass pyrolysis and gasification'"







Subject: Re: [Gasification] BIOCOAL - THE WOOD FUEL OF THE FUTURE



Message-ID: 



Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8"







 







Everyone seems to be watching the fate of the 60,000 tpy Topell torrefaction plant in The 

Netherlands. I understand that the plant is running, they have good financial backing, and 

they are planning a second plant. If anyone knows differently please tell us.







 







The benefits of using lightly toasted, or even partially pyrolyzed wood (compete with vapors 

and dirty gas), for gasification have been amply demonstrated by several members of this list. 

Some of the more successful efforts are closely coupled where the toaster uses heat recovered 

from cooling the gas or exhaust from the engine. 







 







It works. 







 







Tom Miles  







 







 







 







 







From: gasification-bounces at lists.bioenergylists.org [mailto:gasification-

bounces at lists.bioenergylists.org] On Behalf Of Tombreed



Sent: Wednesday, July 18, 2012 2:30 PM



To: Discussion of biomass pyrolysis and gasification



Cc: Discussion of biomass pyrolysis and gasification



Subject: Re: [Gasification] BIOCOAL - THE WOOD FUEL OF THE FUTURE







 











Greg and all







 







The conversion of wood to charcoal is endothermic up to ~300C, but exothermic above 300c. So 

it is important in making Biocoal NOT to let the reaction continue over to charcoal. 







 







The use of a gas at 300 C prevents overheating in making Biocoal.







 







Good luck!







 







Tom Reed







 







Greetings Tom, Leland Jeff, Mark, List, Etc. (and anyone I missed).







 







The Idea of torification is a good one, IF, (and only IF), one can also use the byproducts of 

that torification process.







 







I for one, am (have been) moving in this direction, as it is much easier to control, and run a 

gasifier running on torified product, especially when it comes to motive applications.







 







Tom, I will be doing some tests on a 30 gallon drum (no 55's around here) within the week or 

so, your idea of running it from waste heat off of an engine is great (as long as we are only 

researching), I could (if one was currently configured) run a test from a CHP generator set 

that would be running off of torified wood in the first place, however, that will have to 

wait.







 







until then,







 







Greg Manning







 







On Mon, Jul 16, 2012 at 8:22 AM, Tombreed  wrote:







Dear Mark, Greg and all







 







Thanks for your good wishes, and I am now mobile with a walker. Lots of time to pursue 

thermoplastics, pyrolysis and BIOCOAL.







 







 







 







BIOCOAL (290-310C) is a very specific product of WOOD TORREFACTION (200-310C) which may become 

the ideal end product for wood fuel in the future.







 







Heating wood to 300C drives off all water and some excess H2O and CO2, giving an increaseth of 

energy content from ~ 8000 to 10,000 Btu/lb, a friable product easily reduced to face powder 

particle size for coal-like combustion, pelletization use, and conferring a waterproof nature. 

The emitted gases are combustible, and more than adequate to providerthe process heat for 

roasting, crushing and briquetting. It is superior to coal In lacking suffer and high ash.







 







I wish I was younger and richer. I believe I would jump into Biocoal with both feet. 

Conventional COAL is such an ideal fuel in many ways, and Biocoal fixes the problem areas of 

sulfur and ash.







 







 







 







Before my fall I was planning to convert a 55 gal drum of wood scrap into BIOCOAL. I hope 

someone will try this.







 







At idle the exhaust of a car or truck is about 700C at several ATM pressure. Two taps, before 

and after the muffler should make it possible to withdraw a 300C stream of gas through the 

barrel of wood and heat the wood to BIOCOAL without allowing overheating.







 







By heating with a 300C gas, one prevents the exothermic continuing of the wood to charcoal at 

400 C.







 







Looking forward to a BIOCOAL future,







 







Tom Reed







Thomas B Reed 







 











On Jul 15, 2012, at 2:59 PM, Greg Manning  wrote:







Greetings Tom, (and list)







 







Tom, It's great to hear that the fall was not really bad, even though still an inconvenence 

though.







 







I have one question/answer I would like to pose, and that is....







 







Every pelletized product I've gasified, all have done the same thing, they expand in 

heat/moisture of the hearth.







 







 One solution I've come up with (even though it lowers the total output of the gasifier) is 

using parasitic power to run a torification process, instead of a partial combustion process.







 







All in all, when one looks to both methods of gas evolution, the later is a cleaner method 

(torification). With the losses of available mass for gas, when partial combustion is applied, 

the parasitic power difference, in torification is much less, (because of more mass being 

torified, instead of combusted).







 







Torification is a much easier method of controlling the hearth's internal temperature, IMO, 

and handles pelleted products much better, as it gets the moisture level to a level that does 

not expand the pellets as much (air moisture ??).







 







 







Greg Manning







 







 







On Sun, Jul 15, 2012 at 11:30 AM, Tombreed  wrote:







Dear Mark and all







 







Thanks so much for your warming words, twice as warming, here in the Fairview Recovery unit of 

the Worcester Memorial Hospital system.  I fell down 13 stairs, bound to be unlucky, BUT no 

permanent damage! I'm recuperating in my daugher's guest suite, dreaming about a Fall cruise!







 







Here's a puzzle for all to chew on. "Gasification" of wood implies the complete conversion of 

both the cellulose (80%) and lignin (20%) components. The tars from the lignin are basically 

aromatic due to the aromatic structure of lignin, and may be the principle component of the 

smoke and tar.







 







The primary fuel is then the cellulose smoke, various volatiles that burn cleanly, leaving no 

solids. 







My expert Friend, Mike Antal, Coral Prof. At the University of Hawaii, could give chapter and 

verse on the nature of the volatiles from burning celluloses. 







 







Paper and high cellulose paper products could be a much cleaner biomass fuel and are easily 

pelletized. Wood pellets have become a major fuel source in the past decade. Is it possible 

that paper pellets could be even more important and cleaner and cheaper?







 







Best wishes to all of you from Tom Reed, back from a bad fall.







 







Tom Reed







 







 







 







 







 















Thomas B Reed 







 











On Jul 12, 2012, at 3:42 AM, "Mark Ludlow"  wrote:







Dear Dr. Reed,







 







You are a mainstay and inspiration to us all. How frustrating it must have been to feel 

yourself fall! There?s really no reason why the Universe chose you. It certainly was not 

Karma.







 







I know you must feel miserable. But I hope that you know that many people love and admire you 

and are probably wishing, as I wish, that they could have taken that fall for you.







 







Best wishes,







Mark 







_______________________________________________











Gasification mailing list







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Gasification at bioenergylists.org







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http://gasifiers.bioenergylists.org/











_______________________________________________



Gasification mailing list







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Gasification at bioenergylists.org







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http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/gasification_lists.bioenergylists.org







for more Gasifiers, News and Information see our web site:



http://gasifiers.bioenergylists.org/







 







_______________________________________________



Gasification mailing list







to Send a Message to the list, use the email address



Gasification at bioenergylists.org







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http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/gasification_lists.bioenergylists.org







for more Gasifiers, News and Information see our web site:



http://gasifiers.bioenergylists.org/











_______________________________________________



Gasification mailing list







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Gasification at bioenergylists.org







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http://gasifiers.bioenergylists.org/







 







_______________________________________________



Gasification mailing list







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------------------------------







Message: 4



Date: Thu, 19 Jul 2012 20:27:43 +1000



From: Peter & Kerry 



To: gasification at lists.bioenergylists.org



Subject: Re: [Gasification] BIOCOAL - THE WOOD FUEL OF THE FUTURE



Message-ID: 



Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1; format=flowed







The great forests of England were destroyed by the early steel industry, 



not people cooking. In fact the need to find a replacement source of 



carbon and subsequent development of the coking industry was what led to 



the massively expanded coal industry. If you really want to see what is 



the real problem in the world take a look at a night image of the 



population centres of the UK & Europe. Not much room between the lights 



for trees to grow.







Our background and hearts are in sustainable forest management, which 



was where our interest in gasification and enhanced wood fuels arose. It 



was about having the right tools that improved resource use and provided 



the essential economic under pinning to rehabilitate and manage 



degraded forests. At the request of independent FSC auditors we gave 



permission for sustainable forest management principles and strategies 



developed by my wife Kerry and I to be used by villages in the Solomon 



Islands seeking FSC certification. Our dream is to make forests so 



useful that they are valued above other land uses and replanted, not as 



plantation mono-cultures but as analogue forests with the same broad 



environmental values as the original forest cover, whilst still 



providing building materials, food & energy, along with creating 



permanent jobs that individuals and communities can be proud of.







Like anything else good technology can be misused, these are human 



decisions. Denying the technology that can lead to the sustainable use 



of forests though does absolutely nothing other than hasten the demise 



of that which we seek to protect.







Peter











On 19/07/2012 5:00 AM, gasification-request at lists.bioenergylists.org wrote:







From: "David G. LeVine"











> Considering that biocoal is made from wood and it costs energy to



> torrefy it, and some of the mass is lost to out gassing, one can



> rationally conclude that a larger mass of wood will be needed than the



> mass of biocoal produced.



>



> Since biocoal is likely to have more energy per unit mass than the



> original wood (but the wood to produce it will weigh more than the



> biocoal), biocoal will likely have more than 16.2 to 18 MJ/KG (a common



> number for wood, "Biomass Energy Foundation: Fuel Densities"



> .



> Woodgas.com), but less than 32.5 MJ/KG (a common number for anthracite



> coal, Fisher, Juliya (2003). "Energy Density of Coal"



> . The Physics



> Factbook.)



>



> Two or three billion people in the world are currently using wood as



> fuel (woodgas.com), assuming there are more using other fuels plus wood,



> 3 billion is a safe number for potential biocoal users.



>



> Do the math and you will see that biocoal is NOT the answer, it will



> result in deforestation as it becomes the energy source of choice for



> the world. Of course wood is not the best choice either, both for



> pollution and deforestation reasons. What we need is a clean, high



> energy, cheap, nonpolluting power source, fat chance of that appearing



> soon. In the interim, more than one fuel will need to be used.



>



> For certain uses biocoal is wonderful, but for general use it appears to



> be a recipe for disaster. Great Britain had huge hardwood forests



> around London before wood was in common use for fuel. Now coal is more



> common and it is dirty! What hardwood forests still exist in Great Britain?



>



> Dave 8{(























------------------------------







Message: 5



Date: Thu, 19 Jul 2012 07:39:00 -0400



From: Thomas Reed 



To: Discussion of biomass pyrolysis and gasification







Cc: Discussion of biomass pyrolysis and gasification







Subject: Re: [Gasification] BIOCOAL - THE WOOD FUEL OF THE FUTURE



Message-ID: 



Content-Type: text/plain;charset=utf-8







Tom Koch and all







I believe BIOCOAL can be made from dry wood with less than 20% energy loss. It only requires 

the energy to raise the dry wood from 100-300C. Taking wood heat capacity as 







1.26 kJ/kg-deg







the energy to heat from 20-300C would be (280x1.26) 350 kJ/kg. (There could be other exotheric 

or endothermic energy terms, but his should be the right magnitude.)







(1 kJ ~ 1 Btu.)







so the energy cost of BIOCOAL is small compared to the 8000 Btu of heat released on burning.















Thomas B Reed 











On Jul 17, 2012, at 1:11 AM, Thomas Koch  wrote:







> But it will cost 50 % of the heating value of the wood 



> 



> -----Oprindelig meddelelse-----



> Fra: gasification-bounces at lists.bioenergylists.org [mailto:gasification-

bounces at lists.bioenergylists.org] P? vegne af linvent at aol.com



> Sendt: 16. juli 2012 20:15



> Til: gasification at lists.bioenergylists.org; mark at ludlow.com; mantal at hawaii.edu; 

artsolar at aol.com; rwalt at gocpc.com



> Emne: Re: [Gasification] BIOCOAL - THE WOOD FUEL OF THE FUTURE



> 



> There is a company formed to make torrified wood. I am terrified of the prospects as it 

would be a lot easier to gasify wood at the site of coal use.



> 



> Sincerely,



> Leland T. "Tom" Taylor



> Thermogenics Inc. 



> 



> 



> -----Original Message-----



> From: Tombreed 



> To: mark ; Michael Antal ; Art Lilley 

; Robb Walt 



> Cc: Discussion of biomass pyrolysis and gasification 



> Sent: Mon, Jul 16, 2012 7:25 am



> Subject: [Gasification] BIOCOAL - THE WOOD FUEL OF THE FUTURE



> 



> Dear Mark, Greg and all



> 



> 



> Thanks for your good wishes, and I am now mobile with a walker. Lots of time to pursue 

thermoplastics, pyrolysis and BIOCOAL.



> 



> 



> <><><>



> 



> 



> BIOCOAL (290-310C) is a very specific product of WOOD TORREFACTION 



> (200-310C) which may become the ideal end product for wood fuel in the 



> future.



> 



> 



> Heating wood to 300C drives off all water and some excess H2O and CO2, 



> giving an increase of energy content from ~ 8000 to 10,000 Btu/lb, a 



> friable product easily reduced to face powder particle size for 



> coal-like combustion, pelletization use, and conferring a waterproof 



> nature. The emitted gases are combustible, and more than adequate to 



> provide the process heat for roasting, crushing and briquetting. It is 



> superior to coal In lacking suffer and high ash.



> 



> 



> I wish I was younger and richer. I believe I would jump into Biocoal 



> with both feet. Conventional COAL is such an ideal fuel in many ways, 



> and Biocoal fixes the problem areas of sulfur and ash.



> 



> 



> <><><>



> 



> 



> Before my fall I was planning to convert a 55 gal drum of wood scrap 



> into BIOCOAL. I hope someone will try this.



> 



> 



> At idle the exhaust of a car or truck is about 700C at several ATM 



> pressure. Two taps, before and after the muffler should make it 



> possible to withdraw a 300C stream of gas through the barrel of wood 



> and heat the wood to BIOCOAL without allowing overheating.



> 



> 



> By heating with a 300C gas, one prevents the exothermic continuing of 



> the wood to charcoal at 400 C.



> 



> 



> Looking forward to a BIOCOAL future,



> 



> 



> Tom Reed



> 



> Thomas B Reed 



> 



> 



> 



> On Jul 15, 2012, at 2:59 PM, Greg Manning <a31ford at gmail.com> 



> wrote:



> 



> 



> 



> Greetings Tom, (and list)



> 



> Tom, It's great to hear that the fall was not really bad, even though 



> still an inconvenence though.



> 



> 



> I have one question/answer I would like to pose, and that is....



> 



> 



> Every pelletized product I've gasified, all have done the same thing, 



> they expand in heat/moisture of the hearth.



> 



> 



> One solution I've come up with (even though it lowers the total output 



> of the gasifier) is using parasitic power to run 



> a torification process, instead of a partial combustion process.



> 



> 



> All in all, when one looks to both methods of gas evolution, the later 



> is a cleaner method (torification). With the losses of available mass 



> for gas, when partial combustion is applied, the parasitic power 



> difference, in torification is much less, (because of more mass being 



> torified, instead of combusted).



> 



> 



> Torification is a much easier method of controlling the hearth's 



> internal temperature, IMO, and handles pelleted products much better, 



> as it gets the moisture level to a level that does not expand the 



> pellets as much (air moisture ??).



> 



> 



> 



> 



> Greg Manning



> 



> 



> 



> 



> On Sun, Jul 15, 2012 at 11:30 AM, Tombreed 



> <tombreed2010 at gmail.com> wrote:



> Dear Mark and all



> 



> 



> Thanks so much for your warming words, twice as warming, here in the 



> Fairview Recovery unit of the Worcester Memorial Hospital system.  I 



> fell down 13 stairs, bound to be unlucky, BUT no permanent damage! I'm 



> recuperating in my daugher's guest suite, dreaming about a Fall cruise!



> <><><>



> Here's a puzzle for all to chew on. "Gasification" of wood implies the 



> complete conversion of both the cellulose (80%) and lignin (20%) 



> components. The tars from the lignin are basically aromatic due to the 



> aromatic structure of lignin, and may be the principle component of the 



> smoke and tar.



> 



> 



> The primary fuel is then the cellulose smoke, various volatiles that 



> burn cleanly, leaving no solids. 



> My expert Friend, Mike Antal, Coral Prof. At the University of Hawaii, 



> could give chapter and verse on the nature of the volatiles from 



> burning celluloses. 



> 



> 



> Paper and high cellulose paper products could be a much cleaner 



> biomass fuel and are easily pelletized. Wood pellets have become a 



> major fuel source in the past decade. Is it possible that paper 



> pellets could be even more important and cleaner and cheaper?



> 



> 



> Best wishes to all of you from Tom Reed, back from a bad fall.



> 



> 



> Tom Reed



> 



> 



> 



> 



> 



> 



> 



> 



> 



> 



> 



> 



> Thomas B Reed 



> 



> 



> 



> 



> On Jul 12, 2012, at 3:42 AM, "Mark Ludlow" <a> wrote:



> 



> 



> 



> Dear Dr. Reed, You are a mainstay and inspiration to us all. How 



> frustrating it must have been to feel yourself fall! There?s really no 



> reason why the Universe chose you. It certainly was not Karma. I know 



> you must feel miserable. But I hope that you know that many people love 



> and admire you and are probably wishing, as I wish, that they could 



> have taken that fall for you. Best wishes,Mark 



> 



> 



> 



> _______________________________________________



> Gasification mailing list



> 



> to Send a Message to the list, use the email address



> Gasification at bioenergylists.org



> 



> to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List Settings use the web page



> http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/gasification_lists.bioenergylists.org



> 



> for more Gasifiers, News and Information see our web site:



> http://gasifiers.bioenergylists.org/



> 



> 



> 



> 



> 



> 



> _______________________________________________



> Gasification mailing list



> 



> to Send a Message to the list, use the email address



> Gasification at bioenergylists.org



> 



> to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List Settings use the web page



> http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/gasification_lists.bioenergylists.org



> 



> for more Gasifiers, News and Information see our web site:



> http://gasifiers.bioenergylists.org/



> 



> 



> 



> 



> 



> _______________________________________________



> Gasification mailing list



> 



> to Send a Message to the list, use the email address



> Gasification at bioenergylists.org



> 



> to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List Settings use the web page



> http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/gasification_lists.bioenergylists.org



> 



> for more Gasifiers, News and Information see our web site:



> http://gasifiers.bioenergylists.org/_______________________________________________



> Gasification mailing list



> 



> to Send a Message to the list, use the email address



> Gasification at bioenergylists.org



> 



> to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List Settings use the web page



> http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/gasification_lists.bioenergylists.org



> 



> for more Gasifiers, News and Information see our web site:



> http://gasifiers.bioenergylists.org/



> 



> 



> 



> 



> _______________________________________________



> Gasification mailing list



> 



> to Send a Message to the list, use the email address



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> 



> to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List Settings use the web page



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> 



> for more Gasifiers, News and Information see our web site:



> http://gasifiers.bioenergylists.org/



> _______________________________________________



> Gasification mailing list



> 



> to Send a Message to the list, use the email address



> Gasification at bioenergylists.org



> 



> to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List Settings use the web page



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> 



> for more Gasifiers, News and Information see our web site:



> http://gasifiers.bioenergylists.org/



















------------------------------







Message: 6



Date: Thu, 19 Jul 2012 07:56:45 -0400



From: "David G. LeVine" 



To: Discussion of biomass pyrolysis and gasification







Subject: Re: [Gasification] BIOCOAL - THE WOOD FUEL OF THE FUTURE



Message-ID: 



Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1"; Format="flowed"







On 07/19/2012 06:27 AM, Peter & Kerry wrote:



> The great forests of England were destroyed by the early steel 



> industry, not people cooking. In fact the need to find a replacement 



> source of carbon and subsequent development of the coking industry was 



> what led to the massively expanded coal industry. If you really want 



> to see what is the real problem in the world take a look at a night 



> image of the population centres of the UK & Europe. Not much room 



> between the lights for trees to grow. 







Another factor was England's marine fleets. The main masts on large 



sailing ships literally grew on trees!







Dave 8{)







-- 



/"The first method for estimating the intelligence of a ruler is to look 



at the men he has around him."/



Niccolo Machiavelli







/



NOTE TO ALL:











When forwarding emails, please use only "Blind Carbon Copy" or "Bcc" for 



all recipients. Please "delete" or "highlight & cut" any forwarding 



history which includes my email address! It is a courtesy to me and 



others who may not wish to have their email addresses sent all over the 



world! Erasing the history helps prevent Spammers from mining addresses 



and viruses from being propagated. /







THANK YOU!



-------------- next part --------------



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------------------------------







Message: 7



Date: Thu, 19 Jul 2012 12:28:44 +0000



From: Thomas Koch 



To: Discussion of biomass pyrolysis and gasification







Subject: Re: [Gasification] BIOCOAL - THE WOOD FUEL OF THE ???????



Message-ID:







Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8"







In this discussion about biocoal - or torrefied wood it is very important to know why you are 

doing it.







I can only agree that you can heat wood to 200 oC using 10-12 % of hi as heat - some mec 

hanical energy and have a challenge with the "tars" that has evaporated. 







But - what have you obtained? apart from 20 % of the energy is lost and you have a tarry waste 

water mess to handle? 







The only reason that could justify torrefication - MAYBE - is if you want to feed the wood 

into an entrained flow reactor and needs particles of 100-200 my. To get a char/wood quality 

where that is possible 



You need to heat to 280-300 oC - and then you lose 30-40 % of the energy content plus some 

mechanical energy~ that sums up to that you have only 50 % of the original energy left to 

sell. 







With the focus of protection renewable carbon it will never be acceptable!







Thomas Koch 



-----Oprindelig meddelelse-----



Fra: gasification-bounces at lists.bioenergylists.org [mailto:gasification-

bounces at lists.bioenergylists.org] P? vegne af Thomas Reed



Sendt: 19. juli 2012 13:39



Til: Discussion of biomass pyrolysis and gasification



Cc: Discussion of biomass pyrolysis and gasification



Emne: Re: [Gasification] BIOCOAL - THE WOOD FUEL OF THE FUTURE







Tom Koch and all







I believe BIOCOAL can be made from dry wood with less than 20% energy loss. It only requires 

the energy to raise the dry wood from 100-300C. Taking wood heat capacity as 







1.26 kJ/kg-deg







the energy to heat from 20-300C would be (280x1.26) 350 kJ/kg. (There could be other exotheric 

or endothermic energy terms, but his should be the right magnitude.)







(1 kJ ~ 1 Btu.)







so the energy cost of BIOCOAL is small compared to the 8000 Btu of heat released on burning.















Thomas B Reed 











On Jul 17, 2012, at 1:11 AM, Thomas Koch  wrote:







> But it will cost 50 % of the heating value of the wood



> 



> -----Oprindelig meddelelse-----



> Fra: gasification-bounces at lists.bioenergylists.org 



> [mailto:gasification-bounces at lists.bioenergylists.org] P? vegne af 



> linvent at aol.com



> Sendt: 16. juli 2012 20:15



> Til: gasification at lists.bioenergylists.org; mark at ludlow.com; 



> mantal at hawaii.edu; artsolar at aol.com; rwalt at gocpc.com



> Emne: Re: [Gasification] BIOCOAL - THE WOOD FUEL OF THE FUTURE



> 



> There is a company formed to make torrified wood. I am terrified of the prospects as it 

would be a lot easier to gasify wood at the site of coal use.



> 



> Sincerely,



> Leland T. "Tom" Taylor



> Thermogenics Inc. 



> 



> 



> -----Original Message-----



> From: Tombreed 



> To: mark ; Michael Antal ; Art 



> Lilley ; Robb Walt 



> Cc: Discussion of biomass pyrolysis and gasification 



> 



> Sent: Mon, Jul 16, 2012 7:25 am



> Subject: [Gasification] BIOCOAL - THE WOOD FUEL OF THE FUTURE



> 



> Dear Mark, Greg and all



> 



> 



> Thanks for your good wishes, and I am now mobile with a walker. Lots of time to pursue 

thermoplastics, pyrolysis and BIOCOAL.



> 



> 



> <><><>



> 



> 



> BIOCOAL (290-310C) is a very specific product of WOOD TORREFACTION



> (200-310C) which may become the ideal end product for wood fuel in the 



> future.



> 



> 



> Heating wood to 300C drives off all water and some excess H2O and CO2, 



> giving an increase of energy content from ~ 8000 to 10,000 Btu/lb, a 



> friable product easily reduced to face powder particle size for 



> coal-like combustion, pelletization use, and conferring a waterproof 



> nature. The emitted gases are combustible, and more than adequate to 



> provide the process heat for roasting, crushing and briquetting. It is 



> superior to coal In lacking suffer and high ash.



> 



> 



> I wish I was younger and richer. I believe I would jump into Biocoal 



> with both feet. Conventional COAL is such an ideal fuel in many ways, 



> and Biocoal fixes the problem areas of sulfur and ash.



> 



> 



> <><><>



> 



> 



> Before my fall I was planning to convert a 55 gal drum of wood scrap 



> into BIOCOAL. I hope someone will try this.



> 



> 



> At idle the exhaust of a car or truck is about 700C at several ATM 



> pressure. Two taps, before and after the muffler should make it 



> possible to withdraw a 300C stream of gas through the barrel of wood 



> and heat the wood to BIOCOAL without allowing overheating.



> 



> 



> By heating with a 300C gas, one prevents the exothermic continuing of 



> the wood to charcoal at 400 C.



> 



> 



> Looking forward to a BIOCOAL future,



> 



> 



> Tom Reed



> 



> Thomas B Reed



> 



> 



> 



> On Jul 15, 2012, at 2:59 PM, Greg Manning <a31ford at gmail.com>



> wrote:



> 



> 



> 



> Greetings Tom, (and list)



> 



> Tom, It's great to hear that the fall was not really bad, even though 



> still an inconvenence though.



> 



> 



> I have one question/answer I would like to pose, and that is....



> 



> 



> Every pelletized product I've gasified, all have done the same thing, 



> they expand in heat/moisture of the hearth.



> 



> 



> One solution I've come up with (even though it lowers the total 



> output of the gasifier) is using parasitic power to run a torification 



> process, instead of a partial combustion process.



> 



> 



> All in all, when one looks to both methods of gas evolution, the later 



> is a cleaner method (torification). With the losses of available mass 



> for gas, when partial combustion is applied, the parasitic power 



> difference, in torification is much less, (because of more mass being 



> torified, instead of combusted).



> 



> 



> Torification is a much easier method of controlling the hearth's 



> internal temperature, IMO, and handles pelleted products much better, 



> as it gets the moisture level to a level that does not expand the 



> pellets as much (air moisture ??).



> 



> 



> 



> 



> Greg Manning



> 



> 



> 



> 



> On Sun, Jul 15, 2012 at 11:30 AM, Tombreed 



> <tombreed2010 at gmail.com> wrote:



> Dear Mark and all



> 



> 



> Thanks so much for your warming words, twice as warming, here in the 



> Fairview Recovery unit of the Worcester Memorial Hospital system.  I 



> fell down 13 stairs, bound to be unlucky, BUT no permanent damage! 



> I'm recuperating in my daugher's guest suite, dreaming about a Fall cruise!



> <><><>



> Here's a puzzle for all to chew on. "Gasification" of wood implies 



> the complete conversion of both the cellulose (80%) and lignin (20%) 



> components. The tars from the lignin are basically aromatic due to 



> the aromatic structure of lignin, and may be the principle component 



> of the smoke and tar.



> 



> 



> The primary fuel is then the cellulose smoke, various volatiles that 



> burn cleanly, leaving no solids.



> My expert Friend, Mike Antal, Coral Prof. At the University of Hawaii, 



> could give chapter and verse on the nature of the volatiles from 



> burning celluloses.



> 



> 



> Paper and high cellulose paper products could be a much cleaner 



> biomass fuel and are easily pelletized. Wood pellets have become a 



> major fuel source in the past decade. Is it possible that paper 



> pellets could be even more important and cleaner and cheaper?



> 



> 



> Best wishes to all of you from Tom Reed, back from a bad fall.



> 



> 



> Tom Reed



> 



> 



> 



> 



> 



> 



> 



> 



> 



> 



> 



> 



> Thomas B Reed 



> 



> 



> 



> 



> On Jul 12, 2012, at 3:42 AM, "Mark Ludlow" <a> wrote:



> 



> 



> 



> Dear Dr. Reed, You are a mainstay and inspiration to us all. How 



> frustrating it must have been to feel yourself fall! There?s really no 



> reason why the Universe chose you. It certainly was not Karma. I know 



> you must feel miserable. But I hope that you know that many people love 



> and admire you and are probably wishing, as I wish, that they could 



> have taken that fall for you. Best wishes,Mark 



> 



> 



> 



> _______________________________________________



> Gasification mailing list



> 



> to Send a Message to the list, use the email address



> Gasification at bioenergylists.org



> 



> to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List Settings use the web page



> http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/gasification_lists.bioenergylists.org



> 



> for more Gasifiers, News and Information see our web site:



> http://gasifiers.bioenergylists.org/



> 



> 



> 



> 



> 



> 



> _______________________________________________



> Gasification mailing list



> 



> to Send a Message to the list, use the email address



> Gasification at bioenergylists.org



> 



> to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List Settings use the web page



> http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/gasification_lists.bioenergylists.org



> 



> for more Gasifiers, News and Information see our web site:



> http://gasifiers.bioenergylists.org/



> 



> 



> 



> 



> 



> _______________________________________________



> Gasification mailing list



> 



> to Send a Message to the list, use the email address



> Gasification at bioenergylists.org



> 



> to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List Settings use the web page



> http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/gasification_lists.bioenergylists.org



> 



> for more Gasifiers, News and Information see our web site:



> http://gasifiers.bioenergylists.org/_______________________________________________



> Gasification mailing list



> 



> to Send a Message to the list, use the email address



> Gasification at bioenergylists.org



> 



> to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List Settings use the web page



> http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/gasification_lists.bioenergylists.org



> 



> for more Gasifiers, News and Information see our web site:



> http://gasifiers.bioenergylists.org/



> 



> 



> 



> 



> _______________________________________________



> Gasification mailing list



> 



> to Send a Message to the list, use the email address



> Gasification at bioenergylists.org



> 



> to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List Settings use the web page



> http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/gasification_lists.bioenergylists.org



> 



> for more Gasifiers, News and Information see our web site:



> http://gasifiers.bioenergylists.org/



> _______________________________________________



> Gasification mailing list



> 



> to Send a Message to the list, use the email address



> Gasification at bioenergylists.org



> 



> to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List Settings use the web page



> http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/gasification_lists.bioenergylists.org



> 



> for more Gasifiers, News and Information see our web site:



> http://gasifiers.bioenergylists.org/











_______________________________________________



Gasification mailing list







to Send a Message to the list, use the email address



Gasification at bioenergylists.org







to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List Settings use the web page



http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/gasification_lists.bioenergylists.org







for more Gasifiers, News and Information see our web site:



http://gasifiers.bioenergylists.org/







------------------------------







Message: 8



Date: Thu, 19 Jul 2012 09:31:43 -0600



From: Joshua Bogart 



To: Discussion of biomass pyrolysis and gasification







Subject: Re: [Gasification] BIOCOAL - THE WOOD FUEL OF THE FUTURE



Message-ID:







Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1"







Just a note, not only England but also Ireland's forests were destroyed for



marine fleets.







On Thu, Jul 19, 2012 at 5:56 AM, David G. LeVine wrote:







> On 07/19/2012 06:27 AM, Peter & Kerry wrote:



>



> The great forests of England were destroyed by the early steel industry,



> not people cooking. In fact the need to find a replacement source of carbon



> and subsequent development of the coking industry was what led to the



> massively expanded coal industry. If you really want to see what is the



> real problem in the world take a look at a night image of the population



> centres of the UK & Europe. Not much room between the lights for trees to



> grow.



>



>



> Another factor was England's marine fleets. The main masts on large



> sailing ships literally grew on trees!



>



> Dave 8{)



>



>



> --



> *"The first method for estimating the intelligence of a ruler is to look



> at the men he has around him."*



> Niccolo Machiavelli



>



> * NOTE TO ALL:



> When forwarding emails, please use only "Blind Carbon Copy" or "Bcc" for



> all recipients. Please "delete" or "highlight & cut" any forwarding history



> which includes my email address! It is a courtesy to me and others who may



> not wish to have their email addresses sent all over the world! Erasing the



> history helps prevent Spammers from mining addresses and viruses from being



> propagated. *



>



> THANK YOU!



>



> _______________________________________________



> Gasification mailing list



>



> to Send a Message to the list, use the email address



> Gasification at bioenergylists.org



>



> to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List Settings use the web page



>



> http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/gasification_lists.bioenergylists.org



>



> for more Gasifiers, News and Information see our web site:



> http://gasifiers.bioenergylists.org/



>



>











-- 







Skype: Joshua.bogart



Emial: Joshua.bogart at gmail.com



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Message: 9



Date: Thu, 19 Jul 2012 10:54:36 -0500



From: Kenny Redd 



To: Gasification at bioenergylists.org



Subject: [Gasification] To all... a question



Message-ID:







Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1"







As a novice to gasification, I have been absorbing the enlightening info on



this forum. Here's my question: Is it possible to design a single reactor



vessel to intake woody biomass (@30% moisture) and output syngas, torrefied



woody biomass and biochar in a continuous process and



maintain self-sustaining combustion without returning a portion of the



syngas to aid combustion? My gut feeling (and my novice number crunching)



says it can be done. Am I overly optimistic? Are there any such systems



in use today?







Thanks in advance for any additional enlightenment.







Kenny Redd



Inova Energy LLC



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Message: 10



Date: Thu, 19 Jul 2012 13:47:52 -0300



From: "Pannirselvam P.V" 



To: Discussion of biomass pyrolysis and gasification







Subject: Re: [Gasification] BIOCOAL - THE WOOD FUEL OF THE ???????



Message-ID:







Content-Type: text/plain; charset="windows-1252"







   Hi







On Thu, Jul 19, 2012 at 9:28 AM, Thomas Koch  wrote:







> In this discussion about biocoal - or torrefied wood it is very important



> to know why you are doing it.



>



>   very important objective questions ,any product or process design



need to have very clear objective design goal















> I can only agree that you can heat wood to 200 oC using 10-12 % of hi as



> heat - some mec hanical energy and have a challenge with the "tars" that



> has evaporated.



>



> But - what have you obtained? apart from 20 % of the energy is lost and



> you have a tarry waste water mess to handle?



>







  There are good pyrolysis design  where this energy can be minimized



 good bio oil ,low quality gas but can be good to use is possible







  *GEK pyrolysis is one such good examples ,where these energy lost in



the steam ,combustion gases need to be made possible.Thus integrated



 enegy generation has been not considered in remote places *















>



> The only reason that could justify torrefication - MAYBE - is if you want



> to feed the wood into an entrained flow reactor and needs particles of



> 100-200 my. To get a char/wood quality where that is possible



>











  *Thomas ,can you give me how many entrained flow reactor are working



, as milling need energy ,then suspending in the bed need energy ,Is



 it really viable in small ,medium and big scale projects.*











> You need to heat to 280-300 oC - and then you lose 30-40 % of the energy



> content plus some mechanical energy~ that sums up to that you have only 50



> % of the original energy left to sell.



>



>



  Very important point is the energy balance ,too much burning for too



little ,thus even no more benefits for environments























> With the focus of protection renewable carbon it will never be acceptable!



>







    * This also need good CO2 balance ,too much burning loss of



enegy you bring here ,make me understand your pont very well made in



this context*







 *There are many positive points as described well by others including



Prof Dr.Tom Reeds *



* There is an need to make possible this technology some



biomass energy integration too in remote area ,this simple



 hydrolysis can make possible big scale centralized power plant where



big mega city are there .*







  T*homas ,i guess there are several 20 plants made in Europe  and may



be the same amount in USA  as an alternate fuel to centralized power



plant as they always consumed charcoal ,thus destroyed more than



50 percent of the forest, after this yet import charcoal ,now very cheap



 biocoal .Here equipment manufacture play key roles  here .This was



 very well explained in earlier post by TOM Miles  ,who are behind



 and push this technology innovation .But if there is no stakeholders



 to make it sustainable it may not survive*







  Thomas ,you have made correct questions in correct contexts ,made



correct answer too ,thus I can happily agree with your views















> Thomas Koch



> -----Oprindelig meddelelse-----



> Fra: gasification-bounces at lists.bioenergylists.org [mailto:



> gasification-bounces at lists.bioenergylists.org] P? vegne af Thomas Reed



> Sendt: 19. juli 2012 13:39



> Til: Discussion of biomass pyrolysis and gasification



> Cc: Discussion of biomass pyrolysis and gasification



> Emne: Re: [Gasification] BIOCOAL - THE WOOD FUEL OF THE FUTURE



>



> Tom Koch and all



>



> I believe BIOCOAL can be made from dry wood with less than 20% energy



> loss. It only requires the energy to raise the dry wood from 100-300C.



> Taking wood heat capacity as



>



> 1.26 kJ/kg-deg



>



> the energy to heat from 20-300C would be (280x1.26) 350 kJ/kg. (There



> could be other exotheric or endothermic energy terms, but his should be the



> right magnitude.)



>



> (1 kJ ~ 1 Btu.)



>



> so the energy cost of BIOCOAL is small compared to the 8000 Btu of heat



> released on burning.



>



>



>



> Thomas B Reed



>



>



> On Jul 17, 2012, at 1:11 AM, Thomas Koch  wrote:



>



> > But it will cost 50 % of the heating value of the wood



> >



> > -----Oprindelig meddelelse-----



> > Fra: gasification-bounces at lists.bioenergylists.org



> > [mailto:gasification-bounces at lists.bioenergylists.org] P? vegne af



> > linvent at aol.com



> > Sendt: 16. juli 2012 20:15



> > Til: gasification at lists.bioenergylists.org; mark at ludlow.com;



> > mantal at hawaii.edu; artsolar at aol.com; rwalt at gocpc.com



> > Emne: Re: [Gasification] BIOCOAL - THE WOOD FUEL OF THE FUTURE



> >



> > There is a company formed to make torrified wood. I am terrified of the



> prospects as it would be a lot easier to gasify wood at the site of coal



> use.



> >



> > Sincerely,



> > Leland T. "Tom" Taylor



> > Thermogenics Inc.



> >



> >



> > -----Original Message-----



> > From: Tombreed 



> > To: mark ; Michael Antal ; Art



> > Lilley ; Robb Walt 



> > Cc: Discussion of biomass pyrolysis and gasification



> > 



> > Sent: Mon, Jul 16, 2012 7:25 am



> > Subject: [Gasification] BIOCOAL - THE WOOD FUEL OF THE FUTURE



> >



> > Dear Mark, Greg and all



> >



> >



> > Thanks for your good wishes, and I am now mobile with a walker. Lots of



> time to pursue thermoplastics, pyrolysis and BIOCOAL.



> >



> >



> > <><><>



> >



> >



> > BIOCOAL (290-310C) is a very specific product of WOOD TORREFACTION



> > (200-310C) which may become the ideal end product for wood fuel in the



> > future.



> >



> >



> > Heating wood to 300C drives off all water and some excess H2O and CO2,



> > giving an increase of energy content from ~ 8000 to 10,000 Btu/lb, a



> > friable product easily reduced to face powder particle size for



> > coal-like combustion, pelletization use, and conferring a waterproof



> > nature. The emitted gases are combustible, and more than adequate to



> > provide the process heat for roasting, crushing and briquetting. It is



> > superior to coal In lacking suffer and high ash.



> >



> >



> > I wish I was younger and richer. I believe I would jump into Biocoal



> > with both feet. Conventional COAL is such an ideal fuel in many ways,



> > and Biocoal fixes the problem areas of sulfur and ash.



> >



> >



> > <><><>



> >



> >



> > Before my fall I was planning to convert a 55 gal drum of wood scrap



> > into BIOCOAL. I hope someone will try this.



> >



> >



> > At idle the exhaust of a car or truck is about 700C at several ATM



> > pressure. Two taps, before and after the muffler should make it



> > possible to withdraw a 300C stream of gas through the barrel of wood



> > and heat the wood to BIOCOAL without allowing overheating.



> >



> >



> > By heating with a 300C gas, one prevents the exothermic continuing of



> > the wood to charcoal at 400 C.



> >



> >



> > Looking forward to a BIOCOAL future,



> >



> >



> > Tom Reed



> >



> > Thomas B Reed



> >



> >



> >



> > On Jul 15, 2012, at 2:59 PM, Greg Manning <a31ford at gmail.com>



> > wrote:



> >



> >



> >



> > Greetings Tom, (and list)



> >



> > Tom, It's great to hear that the fall was not really bad, even though



> > still an inconvenence though.



> >



> >



> > I have one question/answer I would like to pose, and that is....



> >



> >



> > Every pelletized product I've gasified, all have done the same thing,



> > they expand in heat/moisture of the hearth.



> >



> >



> > One solution I've come up with (even though it lowers the total



> > output of the gasifier) is using parasitic power to run a torification



> > process, instead of a partial combustion process.



> >



> >



> > All in all, when one looks to both methods of gas evolution, the later



> > is a cleaner method (torification). With the losses of available mass



> > for gas, when partial combustion is applied, the parasitic power



> > difference, in torification is much less, (because of more mass being



> > torified, instead of combusted).



> >



> >



> > Torification is a much easier method of controlling the hearth's



> > internal temperature, IMO, and handles pelleted products much better,



> > as it gets the moisture level to a level that does not expand the



> > pellets as much (air moisture ??).



> >



> >



> >



> >



> > Greg Manning



> >



> >



> >



> >



> > On Sun, Jul 15, 2012 at 11:30 AM, Tombreed



> > <tombreed2010 at gmail.com> wrote:



> > Dear Mark and all



> >



> >



> > Thanks so much for your warming words, twice as warming, here in the



> > Fairview Recovery unit of the Worcester Memorial Hospital system.  I



> > fell down 13 stairs, bound to be unlucky, BUT no permanent damage!



> > I'm recuperating in my daugher's guest suite, dreaming about a Fall



> cruise!



> > <><><>



> > Here's a puzzle for all to chew on. "Gasification" of wood implies



> > the complete conversion of both the cellulose (80%) and lignin (20%)



> > components. The tars from the lignin are basically aromatic due to



> > the aromatic structure of lignin, and may be the principle component



> > of the smoke and tar.



> >



> >



> > The primary fuel is then the cellulose smoke, various volatiles that



> > burn cleanly, leaving no solids.



> > My expert Friend, Mike Antal, Coral Prof. At the University of Hawaii,



> > could give chapter and verse on the nature of the volatiles from



> > burning celluloses.



> >



> >



> > Paper and high cellulose paper products could be a much cleaner



> > biomass fuel and are easily pelletized. Wood pellets have become a



> > major fuel source in the past decade. Is it possible that paper



> > pellets could be even more important and cleaner and cheaper?



> >



> >



> > Best wishes to all of you from Tom Reed, back from a bad fall.



> >



> >



> > Tom Reed



> >



> >



> >



> >



> >



> >



> >



> >



> >



> >



> >



> >



> > Thomas B Reed



> >



> >



> >



> >



> > On Jul 12, 2012, at 3:42 AM, "Mark Ludlow" <a> wrote:



> >



> >



> >



> > Dear Dr. Reed, You are a mainstay and inspiration to us all. How



> > frustrating it must have been to feel yourself fall! There?s really no



> > reason why the Universe chose you. It certainly was not Karma. I know



> > you must feel miserable. But I hope that you know that many people love



> > and admire you and are probably wishing, as I wish, that they could



> > have taken that fall for you. Best wishes,Mark



> >



> >



> >



> > _______________________________________________



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> >



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> >



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> >



> > for more Gasifiers, News and Information see our web site:



> > http://gasifiers.bioenergylists.org/



> >



> >



> >



> >



> >



> >



> > _______________________________________________



> > Gasification mailing list



> >



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> >



> >



> >



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************************************************



P.V.PANNIRSELVAM



ASSOCIATE . PROF.



Research Group ,GPEC, Coordinator



Computer aided Cost engineering







DEQ ? Departamento de Engenharia Qu?mica



CT ? Centro de Tecnologia / UFRN, Lagoa Nova ? Natal/RN



Campus Universit?rio. CEP: 59.072-970



North East,Brazil



*******************************************







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Message: 11



Date: Thu, 19 Jul 2012 14:07:18 -0300



From: "Pannirselvam P.V" 



To: Discussion of biomass pyrolysis and gasification







Subject: Re: [Gasification] BIOCOAL - THE WOOD FUEL OF THE FUTURE



Message-ID:







Content-Type: text/plain; charset="windows-1252"







  Hi, Josha



  Is it possible the present British government can help financially



via Carbon credits to Irelands ,India ,South Africa adn other Asian as



the so called Common wealth to compensate those destroyed by  so called



Industrial Revolution and help Tom Reed Smokeless wood gas stove projects



 ,some better biocoal ,biochar projects from wastes not from forests







On Thu, Jul 19, 2012 at 12:31 PM, Joshua Bogart wrote:







> Just a note, not only England but also Ireland's forests were destroyed



> for marine fleets.



>



> On Thu, Jul 19, 2012 at 5:56 AM, David G. LeVine wrote:



>



>> On 07/19/2012 06:27 AM, Peter & Kerry wrote:



>>



>> The great forests of England were destroyed by the early steel industry,



>> not people cooking. In fact the need to find a replacement source of carbon



>> and subsequent development of the coking industry was what led to the



>> massively expanded coal industry. If you really want to see what is the



>> real problem in the world take a look at a night image of the population



>> centres of the UK & Europe. Not much room between the lights for trees to



>> grow.



>>



>>



>> Another factor was England's marine fleets. The main masts on large



>> sailing ships literally grew on trees!



>>



>> Dave 8{)



>>



>>



>> --



>> *"The first method for estimating the intelligence of a ruler is to look



>> at the men he has around him."*



>> Niccolo Machiavelli



>>



>> * NOTE TO ALL:



>> When forwarding emails, please use only "Blind Carbon Copy" or "Bcc" for



>> all recipients. Please "delete" or "highlight & cut" any forwarding history



>> which includes my email address! It is a courtesy to me and others who may



>> not wish to have their email addresses sent all over the world! Erasing the



>> history helps prevent Spammers from mining addresses and viruses from being



>> propagated. *



>>



>> THANK YOU!



>>



>> _______________________________________________



>> Gasification mailing list



>>



>> to Send a Message to the list, use the email address



>> Gasification at bioenergylists.org



>>



>> to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List Settings use the web page



>>



>> http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/gasification_lists.bioenergylists.org



>>



>> for more Gasifiers, News and Information see our web site:



>> http://gasifiers.bioenergylists.org/



>>



>>



>



>



> --



>



> Skype: Joshua.bogart



> Emial: Joshua.bogart at gmail.com



>



>



> _______________________________________________



> Gasification mailing list



>



> to Send a Message to the list, use the email address



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>



>











-- 



************************************************



P.V.PANNIRSELVAM



ASSOCIATE . PROF.



Research Group ,GPEC, Coordinator



Computer aided Cost engineering







DEQ ? Departamento de Engenharia Qu?mica



CT ? Centro de Tecnologia / UFRN, Lagoa Nova ? Natal/RN



Campus Universit?rio. CEP: 59.072-970



North East,Brazil



*******************************************







Project, Projetos: https://sites.google.com/a/biomassa.eq.ufrn.br/sites/



Biodata, CV :http://ecosyseng.wetpaint.com/



Blog Project, Projetos: http://posterous.com/#spaces/ufrngpec/posts/



Newsletts, Jornal: http://storify.com/ufrngpec



On line space simulation and modeling of ecobusiness,



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http://rizzoma.com/topic/39080026fabcc04f140acb7d294d62e1/







Twitter - @ufrngpec



      - @pannirbr







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Message: 12



Date: Thu, 19 Jul 2012 14:07:45 -0300



From: "Kevin" 



To: "Discussion of biomass pyrolysis and gasification"







Subject: Re: [Gasification] To all... a question



Message-ID: 



Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1"







Dear Kenny







 ----- Original Message ----- 



 From: Kenny Redd 



 To: Gasification at bioenergylists.org 



 Sent: Thursday, July 19, 2012 12:54 PM



 Subject: [Gasification] To all... a question











 As a novice to gasification, I have been absorbing the enlightening info on this forum. 

Here's my question: Is it possible to design a single reactor vessel to intake woody biomass 

(@30% moisture) and output syngas, torrefied woody biomass and biochar in a continuous process 

and maintain self-sustaining combustion without returning a portion of the syngas to aid 

combustion? 







 # The short answer is: Absolutely not.







 My gut feeling (and my novice number crunching) says it can be done. Am I overly optimistic? 







 # The short answer is: Yes







 Are there any such systems in use today?







 # I feel that such a task is impossible.







 Thanks in advance for any additional enlightenment.







 # It is usually far more difficult to build a system doing many tasks, than it is to build 

a"single purpose process equipment piece."







 Best wishes,







 Kevin







 Kenny Redd



 Inova Energy LLC











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 Gasification at bioenergylists.org







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Message: 13



Date: Thu, 19 Jul 2012 14:11:26 -0400



From: Tom 



To: Discussion of biomass pyrolysis and gasification







Cc: Discussion of biomass pyrolysis and gasification







Subject: Re: [Gasification] To all... a question



Message-ID: 



Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"







Ken







Why burden the whole process with 30% moisture wood. 10% is ideal







Tom Reed







>From Tom Reed







AKA







Dr Thomas B Reed



508 353 7841



Www.Woodgas.com







On Jul 19, 2012, at 1:07 PM, "Kevin"  wrote:







> Dear Kenny



> 



> ----- Original Message -----



> From: Kenny Redd



> To: Gasification at bioenergylists.org



> Sent: Thursday, July 19, 2012 12:54 PM



> Subject: [Gasification] To all... a question



> 



> As a novice to gasification, I have been absorbing the enlightening info on this forum. 

Here's my question: Is it possible to design a single reactor vessel to intake woody biomass 

(@30% moisture) and output syngas, torrefied woody biomass and biochar in a continuous process 

and maintain self-sustaining combustion without returning a portion of the syngas to aid 

combustion? 



> 



> # The short answer is: Absolutely not.



> 



> My gut feeling (and my novice number crunching) says it can be done. Am I overly optimistic? 



> 



> # The short answer is: Yes



> 



> Are there any such systems in use today?



> 



> # I feel that such a task is impossible.



> 



> Thanks in advance for any additional enlightenment.



> 



> # It is usually far more difficult to build a system doing many tasks, than it is to build 

a"single purpose process equipment piece."



> 



> Best wishes,



> 



> Kevin



> 



> Kenny Redd



> Inova Energy LLC



> _______________________________________________



> Gasification mailing list



> 



> to Send a Message to the list, use the email address



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> 



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> http://gasifiers.bioenergylists.org/



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> 



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Message: 14



Date: Thu, 19 Jul 2012 13:48:49 -0500



From: Greg Manning 



To: Discussion of biomass pyrolysis and gasification







Subject: Re: [Gasification] To all... a question



Message-ID:







Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1"







Greetings Kenny.







In answer to your question, yes, ans no.







 Here, I'll explain, at 30 % moisture, (and add the humidity of inlet air)



you are pushing the level of self-sustainability over the maximum.







if you had a feedstock of lesser water content, then yes to the



self-sustaining.







Trying to add some of the evolved gas back into the system, is simply not a



good idea, nor is it prctical, or safe.







the amount of torrefied char would be dependent on the flow rate of



feedstock, however, anything faster than total char, generally ends



up shutting down (due to the influx of tars from incomplete combustion of



the oils, before the gasification portion of the unit).







With the addition of a parasitic heat source, one could do what you are



asking, but the amount of char (loaded with ash) as an output would be



quite low, unless you would consider only surface charring, (with raw wood



internally.







Greg Manning,



Canadian Gasifier ltd.



















On Thu, Jul 19, 2012 at 10:54 AM, Kenny Redd  wrote:







> As a novice to gasification, I have been absorbing the enlightening info



> on this forum. Here's my question: Is it possible to design a single



> reactor vessel to intake woody biomass (@30% moisture) and output syngas,



> torrefied woody biomass and biochar in a continuous process and



> maintain self-sustaining combustion without returning a portion of the



> syngas to aid combustion? My gut feeling (and my novice number crunching)



> says it can be done. Am I overly optimistic? Are there any such systems



> in use today?



>



> Thanks in advance for any additional enlightenment.



>



> Kenny Redd



> Inova Energy LLC



>



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