[Stoves] Paper on apportionment to source for domestic coal combustion in Ulaanbaatar shows that stoves. not the fuel, are the main problem

[Crispin Pemberton-Pigott]

Dear Friends

 

Although this is a repeat of one paper in the list from the DUE conferences,
I have a comment below.

 

The presentation describing the investigation into smoke reduction in
domestic coal stoves in Ulaanbaatar

is at 

 

http://active.cput.ac.za/energy/web/due/papers/due%20cd%202011/Conference%20
Presentations/Presentations/Wednesday%20April%2012th/01%20Prof%20Sereeter%20
Lodoysamba.pdf

 

The WHO target for PM2.5 is 50 µg/m3. You will note on page 7/34 that the PM
2.5 reading at Bayanhoshuu is 1536 in January but ‘only’ 971 in February. As
it is colder in February there was interest why the air is cleaner if the
amount of fuel used is higher. The answer is that pollution is largely
caused by lighting the stoves, not by burning fuel in them. This was later
confirmed by showing that the highest single day readings (over 4200 µg/m3)
occurred in November when it was not particularly cold. On those days,
stoves are lit several times each. In total, 50% of all PM corresponds to
the ignition and refuelling of domestic stoves.

 

There is a paper at
http://active.cput.ac.za/ENERGY/web/ICUE/DOCS/440/Paper%20-%20Lloyd%20P.pdf
by Prof Philip Lloyd on the subject of SOx emissions from combustion. It
reports that the PM concentration in the great London fog that reportedly
killed thousands of people was 1,800 µg/m3. That gives you some perspective
on the nature of the problem in Mongolia.

 

In Ulaanbaatar the information was applied to developing better lighting
methods as well as stoves with higher thermal efficiency and cleaner
refuelling cycles. Some success was achieved on all fronts.

 

Regards

Crispin

 

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