[Stoves] Blue flame of TLUD-FA with rice hull fuel

Sun Jan 13 07:16:12 CST 2019

Hi Paul;

It is clear that the mineral content of rice hulls is high, and mostly
SiO.   There will be variation in ash content according to genotypes, and
growing conditions (soil, weather, fertilizer, etc.)

The high SiO content in rice hulls and straw makes this biomass very tough
and abrasive for making compressed fuel.  I suspect that is why we don't
see rice hull pellets.

In SE Asia, screw presses are used to make briquettes.  Because the rice
hulls are abrasive, the screws have only 20 hours operating life, before
they have to go to a welding shop and rebuilt.

You can find a playlist of videos of screw press machines on the "Biochar
Bangladesh" YouTube Channel.

The briquettes are broken up when used in a TLUD.  The best person to ask
about how they burn is Mahbubul Islam.

Below are a few references on compressed fuels from rice residues.

I am not working in this area at the moment.

Cheers,
Julien.

COMPRESSED FUEL

Ahiduzzaman, M.   2007 Rice husk energy technologies in Bangladesh.   In:
Agricultural Engineering International: the CIGR Ejournal. Invited Overview
No. 1. Vol. IX. January, 2007.  10 p.

Ahiduzzaman, M; Islam, AKMS.  2009 Environmental impact of rice husk
briquette fuel use in Bangladesh: A case study of Mymensingh.  In
Developments in Renewable Energy Technology (ICDRET), 2009 1st
International Conference on the (pp. 1-4). IEEE.

Ahiduzzaman, M; Islam, AKMS.   2011 Greenhouse gas emission and renewable
energy sources for sustainable development in Bangladesh.   Renewable &
Sustainable Energy Reviews  15: 4659-4666   DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2011.07.086

Ahiduzzaman, M; Islam, AKMS.   2013 Development of biomass stove for
heating up die barrel of rice husk briquette machine.   Procedia
Engineering 56:777-781

Alam MM; Islam; H; Hasan M; Siddique TA.   2011 A Study of Biomass
Briquette in Bangladesh.   Proceedings of the International Conference on
Mechanical Engineering 2011 (ICME2011) 18-20 December 2011, Dhaka,
Bangladesh ICME11-RE-002

Bhattacharya, S.C.; Leon, M. A.; Rahman, M. M.   2002 A study on improved
biomass briquetting.   Energy for Sustainable Development   VI(2): 107-110
     http://www.retsasia.ait.ac.th/Publications/ESD.pdf

Bhattacharya, SC; Bhatia, R; Islam, MN; Shah, N. 1985 Densified biomass in
Thailand: potential, status and problems. Biomass 8: 255-266

Bhattacharya, SC; Sett, S; Shrestha, RM.   1989 State of the Art for
Biomass Densification.   Energy Sources  11: 161-182   DOI:
10.1080/00908318908908952

Chin, OC; Siddiqui, KM.   2000 Characteristics of some biomass briquettes
prepared under modest die pressures.   Biomass & Bioenergy  18: 223-228
 DOI: 10.1016/S0961-9534(99)00084-7

Chou, CS; Lin, SH; Peng, CC; Lu, WC.   2009 The optimum conditions for
preparing solid fuel briquette of rice straw by a piston-mold process using
the Taguchi method.   Fuel Processing Technology  90: 1041-1046   DOI:
10.1016/j.fuproc.2009.04.007

Grover PD; Mishra SK.   1996 Biomass Briquetting: Technology and
Practices.   FAO Regional Wood Energy Development Programme in Asia,
Bangkok, Thailand.  Field Document No.46.  48 p.

Hassan, Md. Kamrul; Pelkonen, Paavo; Pappinen, Ari.   2014 Rural
households' knowledge and perceptions of renewables with special attention
on bioenergy resources development - Results from a field study in
Bangladesh.   Applied Energy  136: 454-464

Hu, JJ; Lei, TZ; Shen, SQ; Zhang, QG.   2013 Specific energy consumption
regression and process parameters optimization in wet-briquetting of rice
straw at normal temperature.   Bioresources 8: 663-675

Matúš M; Križan P; Ondruška J; Šooš L.   2011 Analysis of tool geometry for
screw extrusion machines.   J. Applied Mathematics 4:401-413

Moral, MNA.   2005 Biomass densification: development of briquetting
packages in Bangladesh.   Renewable Energy Technologies in Asia.
http://www.retsasia.ait.ac.th/

Moral, MNA; Shakya, GR; and Toan, PK. 2005 Technology Packages: Screw-press
Briquetting Machines and Briquette-fired Stoves.   Bhattacharya, SC; Kumar
S. (editors). Published by: Regional Energy Resources Information Center
(RERIC), Energy Field of Study, Asian Institute of Technology, P.O. Box 4,
Klong Luang, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand 76 p.

Ndindeng, SA; Mbassi, JEG; Mbacham, WF; Manful, J; Graham-Acquaah, S;
Moreira, J; Dossou, J; Futakuchi, K.   2015 Quality optimization in
briquettes made from rice milling by-products.   Energy for Sustainable
Development 29: 24-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.esd.2015.09.003

Rahaman, SA; Salam, PA.   2017 Characterization of cold densified rice
straw briquettes and the potential use of sawdust as a binder.   Fuel
Processing Technology 158: 9-19

Singh, D; Kashyap, MM.   1985 Mechanical and combustion characteristics of
paddy husk briquettes.   Agricultural Wastes 13: 189-196.  DOI:
10.1016/0141-4607(85)90033-2

Wang, XT; Zhao, XT.   2014 The application of ceramic wear resistant
materials in biomass briquetting Equipment.   Energy & Environment  25:
1003-1009

Wang, Y; Sun, Y; Wu, K; Xia, XF.   2016 Optimal design for rice straw
briquetting process based on experiments.   Proceedings of the Asme
International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and
Information in Engineering Conference, 2016, Vol 2A,  Article Number: UNSP
V02AT03A047

Xia, XF; Sun, Y; Wu, K; Jiang, QH.   2014 Modeling of a straw ring-die
briquetting process.   Bioresources  9: 6316-6328

Xia, XF; Sun, Y; Wu, K; Jiang, QH.   2016 Optimization of a straw ring-die
briquetting process combined analytic hierarchy process and grey
correlation analysis method.   Fuel Processing Technology  152: 303-309
DOI: 10.1016/j.fuproc.2016.06.018

Yank, A.   2014 Low Pressure Densification of Rice Husk and Direct
Combustion of  Biomass in Improved Cookstoves.   M.Sc. Thesis, McGill.  138
p.

Yank, A; Ngadi, M; Kok, R.   2016 Physical properties of rice husk and bran
briquettes under low pressure densification for rural applications.
 Biomass & Bioenergy  84: 22-30  DOI: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.09.015

RICE STRAW

Acda, MN.   2016 Physical and chemical properties of fuel pellets from
agricultural residues.   Philippine Agricultural Scientist  99: 283-287

Chakma, S; Ranjan, A; Choudhury, HA; Dikshit, PK; Moholkar, VS.   2016
Bioenergy from rice crop residues: role in developing economies.   Clean
Technologies and Environmental Policy  18: 373-394 DOI:
10.1007/s10098-015-1051-5

Chou, CS; Lin, SH; Lu, WC.  2009 Preparation and characterization of solid
biomass fuel made from rice straw and rice bran.   Fuel Processing
Technology  90: 980-987  DOI: 10.1016/j.fuproc.2009.04.012

Ewida, KT; El-Salmawy, H; Atta, NN; Mahmoud, MM.   2006 A sustainable
approach to the recycling of rice straw through pelletization and
controlled burning.   Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy  8:
188-197

Ishii, K; Furuichi, T.   2014 Influence of moisture content, particle size
and forming temperature on productivity and quality of rice straw pellets.
 Waste Management  34: 2621-2626 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2014.08.008

Ishii, K; Furuichi, T; Fujiyama, A; Watanabe, S.   2016 Logistics cost
analysis of rice straw pellets for feasible production capacity and spatial
scale in heat utilization systems: A case study in Nanporo town, Hokkaido,
Japan.   Biomass & Bioenergy  94: 155-166  DOI:
10.1016/j.biombioe.2016.08.007

Jenkins, BM; Bakker, RR; Wei, JB.   1996 On the properties of washed
straw.   Biomass & Bioenergy   10: 177-200 DOI:
10.1016/0961-9534(95)00058-5

Kargbo, FR; Xing, JJ; Zhang, YL.   2009 Pretreatment for energy use of rice
straw: A review.   African Journal of Agricultural Research 4: 1560-1565

Lim, JS; Manan, ZA; Alwi, SRW; Hashim, H.   2012 A review on utilisation of
biomass from rice industry as a source of renewable energy.   Renewable &
Sustainable Energy Reviews 16: 3084-3094 DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2012.02.051

Liu, XM; Liu, ZJ; Fei, BH; Cai, ZY; Jiang, ZH; Liu, XE.   2013 Comparative
properties of bamboo and rice straw pellets.    Bioresources  8: 638-647

Liu, ZJ; Liu, XE; Fei, BH; Jiang, ZH; Cai, ZY; Yu, Y.   2013 The properties
of pellets from mixing bamboo and rice straw.   Renewable Energy  55: 1-5
DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2012.12.014
Missagia, B; Guerrero, C; Narra, S; Sun, YL; Ay, P; Krautz, HJ.   2011
Physicomechanical properties of rice husk pellets for energy generation.
 Energy & Fuels 25: 5786-5790

Said, N; Bishara, T; Garcia-Maraver, A; Zamorano, M.   2013 Effect of water
washing on the thermal behavior of rice straw.   Waste Management  33:
2250-2256  DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2013.07.019

Said, N; Daiem, MMA; Garcia-Maraver, A; Zamorano, M.   2014 Reduction of
ash sintering precursor components in rice straw by water washing.
 Bioresources  9: 6756-6764

Said, N; Abdel daiem, MM; Garcia-Maraver, A; Zamorano, M.   2015 Influence
of densification parameters on quality properties of rice straw Pellets.
 Fuel Processing Technology 138: 56-64  DOI: 10.1016/j.fuproc.2015.05.011

Shone, CM; Jothi, TJS.   2016 Preparation of gasification feedstock from
leafy biomass.   Environmental Science and Pollution Research  23:
9364-9372  DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-5167-2

Yang, I; Kim, SH; Sagong, M; Han, GS.   2016 Fuel characteristics of
agropellets fabricated with rice straw and husk.   Korean Journal of
Chemical Engineering  33: 851-857  DOI: 10.1007/s11814-015-0210-z

Yao, XW; Xu, KL; Liang, Y.   2016 Comparing the thermo-physical properties
of rice husk and rice straw as feedstock for thermochemical conversion and
characterization of their waste ashes from combustion.   Bioresources  11:
10549-10564  DOI: 10.15376/biores.11.4.10549-10564

-- 
Julien Winter
Cobourg, ON, CANADA
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