[Stoves] Tier 4 Biochar Stoves

Wed Jan 15 10:53:50 CST 2020

The Fabstove by Ekasi Energy (Dave Lello in South Africa) is just coming on the market in 2020.  I will have one to show at ETHOS 12 days from now.   Should be Tier 4 (TLUD-FA-pellet fuel) but is not tested yet.

Charcoal is produced in force-air TLUDs if the users are aware and are willing to save the char.

Natural draft TLUDs can be Tier 4 (example is Nurhuda’s / Prime’s), but most are not officially tested because there is no funding for that.

Paul

From: Stoves <stoves-bounces at lists.bioenergylists.org> On Behalf Of Ronal Larson
Sent: Wednesday, January 15, 2020 9:33 AM
To: Discussion of biomass cooking stoves <stoves at lists.bioenergylists.org>; Stoves <stoves at foodandfuel.info>
Subject: Re: [Stoves] Tier 4 Biochar Stoves

Christa and stoves:

              1.  The WorldBank should start on this subject with your wonderful book http://www.foodandfuel.info/foodandfuel/Archive_files/Micro_Gasification_2.0_Cooking_with_gas_from_dry_biomass.pdf

              2.  Unfortunately the Mimi Moto came along after the 2013 of the above.

              3.  Also the Mimi Moto does not normally produce char - but presumably would rank even higher if it was modified to stop before the char it first produces is consumed.  (This is my prejudiced belief - anyone know if stoves like the Mimi Moto would show up “Tier better" as char-producers?

              4.  Can you address (to help the commendable World Bank emphasis on both cooking AND biochar) how to get out to the many companies producing char-making stoves  the importance also getting Tier rankings.
               Mimi Moto shows a lot on their tier rankings (and subtler) at:
 https://www.mimimoto.nl/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/Mimi_Moto_IWA-Tiers-of-Performance-WBT-4.2.3-Report-REV.A.pdf
              It seems highly likely that they would do well on safety - the only one missing.  Any idea why that is not shown?  Not measured?

              I follow Paul Olivier’s work (in your 2013 book) - but think he hasn’t sought Tier rankings.

              Same for Nat Mulcahy and World Stove (in your earlier book, but not the above).   And there are probably many more that the World Bank should be considering

              Again - thanks for all you have done on this topic.

Ron

On Jan 15, 2020, at 2:22 AM, Christa Roth (bioenergylist) <stoves at foodandfuel.info<mailto:stoves at foodandfuel.info>> wrote:

Crispin,

Three points to your mail:

  1.  I don’t agree with you that the Mimi Moto is the same product as the Philipps stove. I think you mix that up with the ACE stove produced by African Clean Energy in Lesotho who used to produce  the Philipps stove. Mimi Moto is a completely different product  among other things addressing many of the glitches users observed with the Philipps. Please check it out https://mimimoto.nl/
  2.  I totally agree with you on the need to specify ‚which category of performance Tier‘ is meant. If I didn’t miss anything, there is no agreement on a single tier rating of stoves??? To my understanding there is no overall agreed upon tier rating for stoves, so there is no ‚Tier 4 stove‘, there could only be ‚Tier 4 4 4 4 etc.’ stoves depending on the performance categories. We should remind ourselves not to fall into the trap and reiterate the wrong jargon. Otherwise we should not be surprised to get ‚Worldbank‘ and the likes asking for things that don#t exist or are not agreed upon like the absurdities of ‚single tier stoves‘. We already predicted back in 2012 during IWA that things might got oversimplified and they did! No idea how to stop that other than repeating the same message over and over again to be specific on individual ratings of performance categories of stoves.
  3.  To my experience the rating of TLUDs/biochar making stoves is even more dependent on the fuel quality (type of material, moisture, particle size and particle size distribution, etc.) and the user behaviour than a wood or charcoal stove. Unless you use standardised pellets (adhering to some of the pellet norms) instead of found fuels you get a different performance every time you run a stove as the fuel is so unpredictable, thus the unpredictable performance.  I am not aware that we have proof that a lab test predicts the field performance of gasifier stoves. Maybe something to discuss at ETHOS 2020?

Best regards
Christa

Stoves
stoves at foodandfuel.info<mailto:stoves at foodandfuel.info>

Am 15.01.2020 um 05:48 schrieb Crispin Pemberton-Pigott <crispinpigott at outlook.com<mailto:crispinpigott at outlook.com>>:

Dear Ron

The Mimi Moto stove used in the Inyenyeri project in Rwanda is essentially the same product as the Phillips Stove.

There was a licensed manufacturer of the Phillips stove in Maseru, Lesotho who broke away at someone and produced two other own products with a smaller number of ceramic plates in the combustion chamber.

The Peso Pe stove can be operated with a wide variety of fuels so the Tier achieved will vary with the suitability of the fuel to the stove, it's fueling cycle and the duration of the cooking session.

At least two of the stoves from Dr Nurhuda can achieve Tier 4 performance as well as other products low included in the Indonesian Stove Pilot. Nurhuda's TLUD gasifiers definitely make char.

If one wanted to produce charcoal fuel, one need look no further than Nurhuda's candle nut shell burning gasifier. The char product is excellent as fuel without a high yield as a % of dry fuel mass. Plus, there are a lot of candle nut shells in Indonesia.

As mentioned before, a Vesto can work as a char maker and might achieve Tier 4 in all categories, it will depend on the operator I suppose.

Tom, when you ask for Tier 4 performance do you mean for PM2.5 or for all categories? And do you mean as set forth as the default targets in ISO 19867-3?  That document permits the creation of various sets of target performance levels as and when one wishes.  The only study I saw so far that tried to establish the actual performance and resulting exposure of the cooks to PM was by Omar Master et al. They showed that the Tier targets were too stringent by a factor 6 to 10.  I.E. the emission rate was far too low for the actual exposure v.s. the exposure estimated by the WHO's single box model.

These days, in the presence of the ISO standards, when one says "Tier 4" one has to qualify it by saying whose Tier 4, and what the stove-fuel-burn sequence was at the time. These stove can score on three different tiers depending on those variables.

Regards
Crispin
From: rongretlarson at comcast.net<mailto:rongretlarson at comcast.net>
Sent: January 14, 2020 8:34 PM
To: trmilesjr at gmail.com<mailto:trmilesjr at gmail.com>
Reply to: stoves at lists.bioenergylists.org<mailto:stoves at lists.bioenergylists.org>
Cc: stoves at lists.bioenergylists.org<mailto:stoves at lists.bioenergylists.org>
Subject: Re: [Stoves] Tier 4 Biochar Stoves

Tom and list

        I am pretty sure that both the Phillips and Peko Pe are Tier 4 and CAN (but don’t normally) make char.   I’ll bet both would be interested in replying.  Could be others.

Ron

> On Jan 14, 2020, at 6:11 PM, Tom Miles <trmilesjr at gmail.com<mailto:trmilesjr at gmail.com>> wrote:
>
> Are there any tier 4 stoves that make biochar? World Banks is requiring Tier 4 stoves for a project.
>
> Thanks
>
> Tom
>
>
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