[Stoves] Calculating cooking costs and char costs ----Re: [biochar] Where to discuss STOVES AND CARBON offsets and drawdown
Nikhil Desai
pienergy2008 at gmail.com
Fri Sep 15 16:08:41 CDT 2017
Paul:
Two comments:
1. If "mealtime" refers to a day (and 3 cooked meals per day), 1 kg wood
per day seems to be on the low side, unless it is per capita. I remember
that a "rule of thumb" (or "expert estimate") back when people prepared
national energy balances, was "1-2 kg wood *per capita* per day". Of
course, the gross input per family depends on many factors including
efficiency, types of cooking tasks, age/sex composition, ambient
temperature and wind patterns, and cook's whims; however, if the per family
net energy per mealtime is 3.7 kWht or 5,750 Btu, I suspect the family may
be too poor to afford enough food from scratch - relying on more fresh
vegetables or uncooked materials or on partially prepared purchased food.
This single number -- how much useful (net) energy per family per year is
"required" on average in a given context - would seem to be very useful,
with some assumed efficiencies, for computations of emissions and
deforestation or loads carried on heads or backs. But I have seen very few
such attempts. Any thoughts? I will dig up some GACC studies.
2. The way the spreadsheet is set up, the financial cost of fuelwood is the
most critical assumed parameter for the breakeven carbon credit value
(CCV). Only at $0.02/kg cost of high-quality wood does the CCV come close
to today's price in the EU ETS. Since the supply curves for both wood and
labor are likely to at least somewhat upward sloping, the question becomes,
what is the potential - in global terms - for biochar to compete with other
CDR options?
It would seem that biochar for CDR and charmaking for local sales (as fuel)
are two entirely separate markets and will probably remain that way for a
long while.
Does anybody have a good number for useful cooking energy per household per
year?
Nikhil
On Wed, Sep 13, 2017 at 10:53 PM, Paul Anderson <psanders at ilstu.edu> wrote:
> Kevin,
>
> Thanks for the spreadsheet. This is an interesting situation where
> calculated numbers are not matching with some human activities about the
> value of charcoal.
>
> This discussion is only with the Biochar group, so I am adding the Stoves
> Listserv and attaching the spreadsheet.
>
> Notes;
>
> The use of BTU/LB in columns H and I should be in the green (calculated)
> values and the corresponding metric units (which you provide) should be the
> yellow variables that can be entered. Please.
>
> I notice that changes in the Value of unburned char/kg (C23 ) is
> essentially linked to the cost of fuel wood (C5) , and therefore virtually
> dictate the conclusion of carbon credit pricing needed (C28 ). So, the
> price stays quite high.
>
> ****************
> A. Consider the case of the cook who has no real use for the char, which
> means that the cost of fuel is 100% allocated to the cooking, and the
> resultant char has zero value. To that cook there is no trade-off about
> char being used for cooking other meals. Selling the char is "pure
> profit", whether it is a calculated value of $0.16/kg (as in C26) or merely
> $0.12/kg as in Deganga, India, or only $0.08/kg which is still better than
> nothing.
>
> B. Current "traditional" cooking with charcoal that is produced by
> generally inefficient "traditional" char-making methods would have a char
> yield (C6) of between 10% (burning too much to ash) and 25% (leaving
> volatiles in the char, or even some incomplete pyrolysis/torrification).
>
> C. But for those people who produce traditional char, the "cost of fuel
> wood" (C5) could be as low as zero (illegal cutting or destructive cutting)
> or some notional value of the time spent to make the charcoal.
>
> Others need to comment also.
>
> Paul
>
> Doc / Dr TLUD / Prof. Paul S. Anderson, PhD
> Email: psanders at ilstu.edu
> Skype: paultlud Phone: +1-309-452-7072 <(309)%20452-7072>
> Website: www.drtlud.com
>
> Doc / Dr TLUD / Prof. Pa
>
>
>
> *From:* biochar at yahoogroups.com [mailto:biochar at yahoogroups.com
> <biochar at yahoogroups.com>]
> *Sent:* Monday, September 11, 2017 4:02 PM
> *To:* Hugh McLaughlin <hsmclaughlin at verizon.net>
> <hsmclaughlin at verizon.net>; biochar at yahoogroups.com
> *Subject:* Re: [biochar] Where to discuss STOVES AND CARBON offsets and
> drawdown
>
>
>
>
>
> Hugh and Kevin,
>
> First to Hugh: Why do you write
>
> $0.10/kg is a more reasonable assumption.
>
> when that is what Kevin actually said.
>
> Then to Kevin: Actually, it the char yield is 20% per kg of fuel (closer
> to actual than is 25% or 30%), then the number becomes $US 250 per tonne
> of char = $US250/3.42 = $US 73.10 per tonne of CO2 equivalent.
>
> To all: As reported in the Deganga Case Study (page 4, 3rd paragraph), in
> that case study the people *were actually paying US$0.075 per kg of
> firewood.* And they burn 3 to 4 kg per day (which is less than half of
> baseline fuel consumption). Note: 4 kg of firewood at 20% char yield
> would be about 0.8 kg of char per day (matches the measured quantities of
> char purchased from the households).
>
> And they were receiving payment of $0.12 per kg of char via the "Earn
> while you cook" arrangements (page 4, second paragraph from the bottom of
> the page), which would be $0.04 per 0.3 kg (just citing Kevin's initial
> number for some comparison) or $0.024 per 0.2 kg (the approximate actual
> char production per day of cooking.).
>
> Can we use some of these above numbers and send a revised statement,
> please?
>
> And if the point is still
>
> it is more advantageous for the Cook to burn it [the char] for another
> meal.
>
> then why are the people so delighted with the charcoal buyback? ( ??
> cultural reasons??? such as not having a tradition of cooking with charcoal
> at the household level (true) ... or their perception of the value of a
> few cents is greater than their perception of the expense of the cooking
> task? ... or some other reason(s) ???
>
> All are welcome to comment, please.
>
> Paul
>
>
> Doc / Dr TLUD / Prof. Paul S. Anderson, PhD
>
> Email: psanders at ilstu.edu
>
> Skype: paultlud Phone: +1-309-452-7072 <(309)%20452-7072>
>
> Website: www.drtlud.com
>
> On 9/11/2017 1:22 PM, Hugh McLaughlin wrote:
>
> ERRATA: $10/tonne is $0.01/kg.
>
>
>
> If there is any transportation, $100/tonne or the basis used for the
> calculation: $0.10/kg is a more reasonable assumption.
>
>
>
> Hugh McLaughlin, PhD, PE
>
> CTO - NextChar.com
>
>
>
> On Monday, September 11, 2017 2:03 PM, "kchisholm at seaside.ns.ca [biochar]"
> <kchisholm at seaside.ns.ca[biochar]> <biochar at yahoogroups.com>
> <biochar at yahoogroups.com> wrote:
>
>
>
>
>
> Hi Paul
>
>
>
> Assume that such fuelwood costs $US10 per tonne, or $US.10 per kg.
>
> Assume that 1 kg of such wood is “burned” in a TLUD, to cook a meal, and
> that there is .25 kg char yield.
>
>
>
> Assume also that the char could be used to cook a second meal.
>
> The cost of fuel per meal is thus $US.10, if the char is not used for
> cooking, OR, it is $US.05 if the char is subsequently used to cook a second
> meal.
>
>
>
> Thus, if somebody gave the Cook $US.05 for the .3 kg of char, the Cook
> could be “revenue neutral”.
>
>
>
> Thus, the cost of “Carbon Credits” that reaches the actual Cook should be
> a minimum of $US.05/.3 kg char = $US.167 per kg char, or $US167 per tonne
> char = $US167/3.42 = approximately $US48.80 per tonne of CO2 equivalent.
>
>
>
> CONCLUSION: With the costing and performance assumptions shown above,
> unless the Cook gets more than the equivalent of $US48.80 per tonne CO2
> carbon credits, it is not advantageous for the Cook to “sell” the char… it
> is more advantageous for the Cook to burn it for another meal.
>
>
>
> Does this make sense to you?
>
>
>
> Best wishes,
>
>
>
> Kevin
>
> *From:* biochar at yahoogroups.com [mailto:biochar at yahoogroups.com
> <biochar at yahoogroups.com>]
> *Sent:* Monday, September 11, 2017 11:53 AM
> *To:* biochar at yahoogroups.com; Doc Anderson <psanders at ilstu.edu>
> <psanders at ilstu.edu>
> *Subject:* Re: [biochar] Where to discuss STOVES AND CARBON offsets and
> drawdown
>
>
>
>
>
> Dear Shengar,
>
> Thank you for the input.
>
> World figures are that about 3 billion persons have meals prepared on
> solid fuel (mostly biomass). Family size (especially HOUSEHOLD size,
> referring to the number of people who eat together) should be 5 or 6, which
> would put the number of households between 600 million and 500 million.
> Those are the numbers that I prefer to use.
>
> I agree with nearly a kilo of char produced per day per TLUD stove
> (confirmed in Deganga, India, study). 365 days would yield about a third
> of on ton of char per household. 3 household become a ton/yr. 30,000 HH
> would be 10,000 tons. 300,000,000 HH (about half of the needed cookstoves)
> would be 100,000,000 tons.
>
> So it would take 10 years to reach one GIGA ton, which is 1,000,000,000
> tons. (Please check my math.)
>
> In the Drawdown project, the time period is 2020 to2050, which is 3
> decade, or "potentially" 3 gigatons of char sequestration.
>
> 3 GT is only 1/5th of the GT calculated for ALL cookstoves, and over 3
> times more that what was calcualted for ALL biochar by 2050. Clearly there
> is more to the drawdown calculations than the simple numbers above.
>
> Paul
>
> Doc / Dr TLUD / Prof. Paul S. Anderson, PhD
>
> Email: psanders at ilstu.edu
>
> Skype: paultlud Phone: +1-309-452-7072 <(309)%20452-7072>
>
> Website: www.drtlud.com
>
> On 9/11/2017 1:27 AM, shengar shengar at aol.com [biochar] wrote:
>
>
>
> The ballpark numbers I think Albert Bates has crunched but I play with
> these numbers:
>
>
>
> About 1 billion households cook with biomass, so if all had TLUDs,
> producing about a kilo per day of biochar that would be some one million
> tons per day, 365 million tons per year, a gigaton of CO2 every 3 years.
> (accounting for other greenhouse gas reductions when biochar is put in soil)
> And increased rates of soil carbon sequestration
>
> On Sep 10, 2017 at 9:29 AM, <Paul Anderson psanders at ilstu.edu [biochar]
> <biochar at yahoogroups.com>> wrote:
>
>
>
> Dear Stovers and Biochar folk,
>
> The financial part of advancing the TLUD stove situation (IMO) keeps
> coming back to the value of carbon offsets generated. But that topic is
> too thinly related to the purpose of the Stoves Listserv or the Biochar
> Listserve. So I will sending this message.
>
> The *stoves-related carbon-issues discussion *(generating carbon credits,
> global drawdown, etc) need discussion. So I request some assistance to
> find where this can be discussed. Does such a place already exist?
>
> Also, who among us want to be into that OTHER discussion? Paul, Ron, and
> who else?
>
> Paul
>
> --
>
> Doc / Dr TLUD / Prof. Paul S. Anderson, PhD
>
> Email: psanders at ilstu.edu
>
> Skype: paultlud Phone: +1-309-452-7072 <(309)%20452-7072>
>
> Website: www.drtlud.com
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
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