[Stoves] Stove from Philippines
Rebecca A. Vermeer
ravermeer at telus.net
Sun Jun 23 14:14:15 CDT 2013
https://plus.google.com/photos/113101643783889350444/albums/5891272454117959601
Eco-Kalan Project in the Philippines
A Slideshow Presentation by Rebecca A. Vermeer to the
Rotary Club of Sidney, Vancouver Island
British Columbia, Canada
Hello Crispin and All,
Thank you very much Crispin for sharing your ideas with me. Before commenting on your suggested changes to the Eco-Kalan, I would like to study the above Geres Report and learn more about the Keren and ASN cookstoves. Please send me links to the ASN. In the meantime, I invite you all to look at the Eco-Kalan Project in the Philippines. Thank you.
Rebecca Vermeer
From: Crispin Pemberton-Pigott
Sent: Sunday, June 16, 2013 11:23 AM
To: Prianti Utami ; Christina (E-mail) ; Yabei Zhang ; Cecil Cook, Technoshares ; Laurent Durix
Cc: 'Rebecca A. Vermeer'
Subject: Stove from Philippines
Dear Tami
This stove is a possible for local reproduction in Central Java. The advantage is that unlike a Keren the combustion chamber does not support the pot. It shows there is a way to make the put support from clay instead of iron, though that may or may not be appreciated by the users. Have to ask first…
I would make changes to the Eco-Kalan:
First there should be no insulation in the hollow space – the heat getting there should be used to preheat air.
Second the grate should have small holes or rounded bars as we are doing with the Keren inserted grate.
Third, the air should be coming from the back, not the front – partly below the grate and partly above it through a hole at the back of the combustion chamber and the air drawn from within the hollow centre, like the ASN.
Fourth a secondary air hole should be provided at the back about where the flame hits the clay to reduce the clay temperature and push the flame back to centre.
Fifth the top should be sealed in the same manner as the ASN, with a lip to support cement or clay to seal in the air which should only enter from some chosen point.
If the fuel hole was shorter vertically it would limit the smoke coming out the front as we found in the improved Keren. It is already quite good.
Notice the hood over the stoves and the space under it for storing wood. That might not be acceptable to people who like to sit on or near the floor, but it is a good way to have a clean kitchen without a chimney stove.
With smaller holes in the grate and the shape correct (from the lessons with the steel and cast iron Keren grate) the char would be burned pretty much completely.
The grate could be cast iron but as with the improved Keren, it would have to be tilted (which would probably assist reduction of char).
I am copying Rebecca so she hears the ideas and might try them.
Regards
Crispin
+++++++++
Dear ALL,
Thank you for your suggestions –all food for thought. I don’t think I will have a problem igniting and creating the pyrolytic front for the conversion of coconut shells into “oling” (coconut charcoal) if I use an upper layer of “bucong” –coconut husk with the shell in it. I have fired my eco-kalans to 900 degrees Celsius over a 10 hour period without problem sustaining any temperature level. To answer Paul, I do not have any knowledge base on TLUD technology but I am learning from these discussions and hope to learn more at Stove camp. I think it has potential for coconut charcoal making but I doubt if any of the TLUD stoves to date can beat the all around cooking performance of the marathon running eco-kalan (yes, a clay rocket stove!!). By the way, the charcoal performs very well also in the eco-kalan. You just have to double up the parilla (fuel shelf) –see video towards the end, Cooking with Oling at
http://youtu.be/mRdwiWkVf30
Thanks,
Rebecca
From: mtrevor
Sent: Sunday, June 16, 2013 3:52 AM
To: Discussion of biomass cooking stoves
Cc: Jon Anderson
Subject: Re: [Stoves] coconut usage in improved stoves continued
Rebecca has primarily worked with fired clay rocket stoves.
We were discussing the use of various parts of the cocnut as alternative fuels
In the Philipines they have a fairly well developen market for various cocnut products as fuel
In particulat they have wide spread fired clay charcoal burners. She had commented on the use of primative
pit kilns and their pollution/ I pointed her toward Amy Smiths work hopefully to reduce some polluion
Moving into retorts or TLUD unit may be in the future but I beleive for now she is going to be expanding her
rocket stove capabilities. I am glad to see other picking up on Rebacca's travails
I am not much into charcoal until I can find a effective use for its heat and smoke, maybe a copra dryer.
.
Michael
Marshall Islands
--- Original Message -----
From: Otto Formo
To: Stoves Bioenergylist
Cc: Jon Anderson
Sent: Sunday, June 16, 2013 10:13 PM
Subject: Re: [Stoves] coconut usage in improved stoves
Rebecca,
Haveing tested briquettes made out of rice husks and sawdust in a gasifier unit (Natural Draft), we experienced the same challenge to ignite and creating the pyrolytic front.
I would suggest you create an upper layer of woodchips, on top of your coconutshells, to create that pyrolytic front more easily and ignite the chips, using woodshaveings or even gras, as a starter.
REMEMBER:
Do not pour liquid materials, like kerosine , directly into the fueling Chamber!
This will distrub the pyrolytic process and reduce the outcome of your charcoal or biochar production.
Good Luck.
Thanks
Otto
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: Sat, 15 Jun 2013 23:03:35 -0500
From: psanders at ilstu.edu
To: stoves at lists.bioenergylists.org
CC: jonnygms at gmail.com
Subject: Re: [Stoves] coconut usage in improved stoves
Rebecca,
To make your oling (coconut shell charcoal), the TLUD technology is highly appropriate. The density of the shell pieces makes them slightly difficult to initially light (the same as with densified wood pellets). But just make a slightly larger and longer burning "starter fire" to get the initial layer of pyrolyzing biomass that becomes the pyrolytic front that migrates slowly down through the column of shell pieces.
How familiar are you with the TLUD technology?
Paul
Paul S. Anderson, PhD aka "Dr TLUD"Email: psanders at ilstu.edu Skype: paultlud Phone: +1-309-452-7072Website: www.drtlud.comOn 6/15/2013 12:48 AM, Rebecca A. Vermeer wrote:
Michael,
I am so pleased to meet an ex copra maker and one who knows the coconut so well!! So I presume you know very well the native “tuba” drink from the flower shoot? Do take a look at my photo album below :
https://plus.google.com/photos/113101643783889350444/albums/5889511496280160113/5889528293743607618?pid=5889528293743607618&oid=113101643783889350444
– you will see the coconut husk (bucong) strung together; your preferred frond mid ribs (palwa) and the charcoal from coconut shells (inside sacks and plastic bags). The charcoal makers are my biggest competitors for the bucong I need to fire my eco-kalans. Take a close look at photo #37 -the small pottery to the right which looks like a vase uses “oling” or coconut shell charcoal; to the left you will find the big traditional kalans which can use firewood, “palwa” or “bucong”. The “bucong” is the fuel of the poorest and the “bingka” or rice cake bakers; the “palwa” is bought by the not so poor; firewood by the middleclass; and the “oling “ is bought by the many food vendors (like “tocinos” – similar to sate in Malaysia or Indonesia, steamed meat buns, boiling water for disinfecting spoons & forks....) and households for broiling fish and meats (sinugba).
Oling is made by burning coconut shellls in a hole in the ground –a smoky process with a lot of energy going to waste. Do you know a better way??
Rebecca
From: mtrevor
Sent: Friday, June 14, 2013 12:31 PM
To: Discussion of biomass cooking stoves
Subject: [Stoves] coconut usage in improved stoves
Dear Rebecca
As an ex copra maker I have met the coconut and know it well.
I have made copra by the tons. I know coconut husk and flower shoot and fronds and shell
Here the husks are generally burned in 3/4/5 wedge sized pieces. After the nuts are husked
women haul them in from the husking areas and sun dry them in the yards. It is exhausting back breaking work
Husk is a pretty good mosquito chaser and its low burn temperature make it very good for cooking rice.
BUT THE SMOKE!!!!
I would like to see a retort system running heat to a copra drier to produce better copra with out bugs and mold
with coconut shell charcoal for sale as a by product.
In more recent years the has been some switch to your "bucong" of course this mean no more shell left over.
Splitting husk with shell in to multiple little wedges would be considered a lot of additional work. Coconut husk it tough stuff. I find slicing off the leaflets in the field and using the coconut frond mid rib chopped into segments and split length wise easier. The resulting stick like pieces feed into a rocket stove easier. The flower spaths are superb rocket stove fuel.
Michael
Marshall Islands
----- Original Message -----
From: Rebecca A. Vermeer
To: ; Michael N. Trevor
Cc: Rebecca A. Vermeer ; Jon Anderson
Sent: Saturday, June 15, 2013 6:30 AM
Subject: Re: [Stoves] : Re: Insulation and stove life
Hello Michael,
Thank you for your suggestions and question. My comments are as follows:
1. I have considered experimenting with high silicate ash from the foot of Mt. Canlaon, in northern part of Negros Oriental. The ash is free and my partners with the 11th IB of the Philippine Army in Negros Or. and the Memorial Elementary School in Canlaon would bring the ash to Dumaguete City. If this does not work, I’ll follow up on the TLUD route.
2. Jon & Flip Anderson (Aprovecho volunteers) have shown me their work with insulating bricks to form the combustion chamber in Timor Leste. The insulating bricks are weak, fragile bricks which require a strong, heavy duty shell exterior (e.g. cement)to protect the combustion chamber and to support big cooking pots. I still think that tiny insulating “clay marbles” between the heavy duty, all clay, fired kalan and combustion chamber is the most practical way to pursue. I am hopeful Rolf and ECOWORXX can find a way to produce these insulating clay marbles or pebbles cheaply.
3. For those who have not seen a coconut husk – it is a by-product of COPRA (mature coconut meat) production. Every 3 months, the coconuts are harvested, cut into 2 halves, and meat is extracted and dried to make copra. The husk and inside shell is dried in roof-covered sheds or storage buildings to make “bucong” – the fuel we use to fire the eco-kalans to 900 degrees Celsius. To use the “bucong” or coconut husk with shell for fuel in a rocket stove, it is requires chopping the husk with a machete into narrow wedges (like a cantaloupe) and a combustion chamber opening as wide and as high (5.5”x5.5”) as that of the eco-kalan.
Rebecca Vermeer
Eco-Kalan Project in the Philippines
British Columbia, Canada
From: mtrevor
Sent: Friday, June 14, 2013 1:44 AM
To: Discussion of biomass cooking stoves
Subject: Re: [Stoves] : Re: Insulation and stove life
Rebecca
Why not gassify rice hulls in a TLUD and then use the low cristobalite "tough" high silicate ash to mix your insulation.
Perhaps take a lead fom Aprovecho's play book and fire your liner in multiple wedge shaped pieces negating the need to break
things up.
How do to "prepare" your coconut husks for use in a rocket stove?
Michael N Trevor
Marshall Islands
From: Rebecca A. Vermeer
To: Paul Olivier
Cc: Jon Anderson ; stoves at lists.bioenergylists.org
Sent: Friday, June 14, 2013 8:25 PM
Subject: Re: [Stoves] : Re: Insulation and stove life
Paul,
I currently use wood ash as insulating material between the kalan and combustion chamber of the eco-kalan (a rocket stove using wood, charcoal, coconut husk, shell, fronds and other parts of the coconut tree). The eco-kalan uses 75-85% less firewood and therefore a lot less ash is produced compared to traditional kalans and other traditional cookstoves in Negros Oriental, Philippines. A shortage in supply of ash is one fact
or which affects sales of eco-kalan. I have considered making an insulating material using a 50-50 mix by volume of rice hull & clay in the form of pellets or bricks which would be broken to pieces after firing. I would fire the pellets or the bricks along with the eco-kalans up to 900 degrees Celsius. Will there be significant formation of cristobalite under these conditions? Would handling the fired pellets or the breaking of the bricks be a health hazard? Thanks,
Rebecca Vermeer
From: Paul Olivier
Sent: Friday, June 14, 2013 12:07 AM
To: Rebecca A. Vermeer
Cc: Jon Anderson ; stoves at lists.bioenergylists.org ; larry winiarski
Subject: Re: Fw: [Stoves] : Re: Insulation and stove life
Rebecca,
If we directly burn river hulls, there should be a lot of cristobalite formed. If we gasify, this problem should be minimized, provided channeling does not occur. Also there might be cristobalite in the particulate matter in the combustion gases. With rice hull pellets in a TLUD we have a lot less channeling, and a lot less particulate matter. Therefore the rice hull pellet becomes an attractive fuel for these and many other reasons.
Thanks.
Paul Olivier
On Jun 14, 2013 1:44 PM, "Rebecca A. Vermeer" <ravermeer at telus.net> wrote:
Hello Paul,
Larry just told me that the silica content of rice hull ash is over 90%. At the ETHOS 2013 Conference, I saw a TURBO stove developed in the Philippines which used rice hull for fuel. Given your comment below regarding cristobalite “which is a nasty carcinogen” and severely hazardous to human health (see link below), would you recommend the use of rice hull as a household fuel for cookstoves?
Rebecca Vermeer
CRISTOBALITE LINK:
http://nj.gov/health/eoh/rtkweb/documents/fs/1657.pdf
From: Paul Olivier
Sent: Wednesday, June 12, 2013 12:01 AM
To: Discussion of biomass cooking stoves
Subject: Re: [Stoves] : Re: Insulation and stove life
Paal,
One thing I look for on my burner is that all burner holes support a flame throughout the process. If channeling occurs during the process or if char is being burned as the process comes to a close, then one can see burner holes that do not support a flame. This means that CO2 is being discharged from the burner holes, and of course CO2 does not burn. When CO2 is formed, this represents a big inefficiency, since combustion takes place far below the pot. When this happens the sides of the reactor can easily turn red hot and melt. I do not know how it is possible to spot the presence of CO2 if the top of the reactor stays open and does not have a lid with burner holes.
If one turns up the fan a bit too high resulting in channeling, it can happen that only a few holes (among a total of 80 in my case) do not support a flame. If I turn the fan down a bit and shake the reactor, this problem is immediately corrected. Also the effect of the presence of CO2 can be spotted by the cook in another way. The distribution of heat to the pan is not even.
Also many of the positive characteristics of biochar are lost when biochar is combusted and is reduced to ash. The combustion of biomass and biochar takes place when channeling occurs, and the combustion of biochar takes place if the fan is not turned off at the end of the process. Rice hull ash and rice hill biochar are not at all the same thing when it comes to growing plants. Also rice hull ash can easily contain cristobalite, which is a nasty carcinogen. Under ordinary conditions, no farmer should be handling this stuff.
Thanks.
Paul
On Wed, Jun 12, 2013 at 1:06 PM, Paal Wendelbo <paaw at online.no> wrote:
Ron
By end of flame the color of the char is red to yellow, that indicate a temperature of 700 to 800 ˚C and when there is no smoke, complete combustion has taken place. Is that not good for biochar?
Regards Paal W
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